20192306 2020-2021-1 《数据结构与面向对象程序设计》实验三报告

20192306 2020-2021-1 《数据结构与面向对象程序设计》实验三报告

课程:《程序设计与数据结构》
班级: 1923
姓名: 孙洪丽
学号: 20192306
实验教师:王志强
实验日期:2020年10月8日
必修/选修: 必修

1.实验内容

  • 初步掌握单元测试和TDD
  • 理解并掌握面向对象三要素:封装、继承、多态
  • 初步掌握UML建模
  • 完成蓝墨云上 (1)-(5)实验:
    (1)提交点一:单元测试
    (2)提交点二:以TDD的方式研究学习StringBuffer
    (3)提交点三:体会OCP原则和DIP原则的应用
    (4)提交点四:以TDD的方式开发一个复数类Complex
    (5)提交点五:UML建模

2. 实验过程及结果

  • Myutil及MyutilTest的编写
  1. 代码
产品代码
public class MyUtil{
    public static String percentage2fivegrade(int grade){
        //如果成绩小于0,转成“错误”
        if ((grade < 0))
            return "错误";
            //如果成绩小于60,转成“不及格”
        else if (grade < 60)
            return "不及格";
            //如果成绩在60与70之间,转成“及格”
        else if (grade < 70)
            return "及格";
            //如果成绩在70与80之间,转成“中等”
        else if (grade < 80)
            return "中等";
            //如果成绩在80与90之间,转成“良好”
        else if (grade < 90)
            return "良好";
            //如果成绩在90与100之间,转成“优秀”
        else if (grade <= 100)
            return "优秀";
            //如果成绩大于100,转成“错误”
        else
            return "错误";
    }
}
测试代码
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.junit.Test;
public class MyUtilTest extends TestCase {
    @Test
    public void testNormal() {
        assertEquals("不及格", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(55));
        assertEquals("及格", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(65));
        assertEquals("中等", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(75));
        assertEquals("良好", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(85));
        assertEquals("优秀", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(95));
    }
    @Test
    public void testExceptions(){
        assertEquals("错误",MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(-55));
        assertEquals("错误",MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(-55));
    }
    @Test
    public void testBoundary() {
        assertEquals("不及格", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(0));
        assertEquals("及格", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(60));
        assertEquals("中等", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(70));
        assertEquals("良好", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(80));
        assertEquals("优秀", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(90));
        assertEquals("优秀", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(100));
    }
}
  1. 运行结果截图

  2. 码云托管链接
    https://gitee.com/besti1923/sun-hongli-20192306/commit/ffc35e1647fbcf634e06d4dbd77953e95949db74
    https://gitee.com/besti1923/sun-hongli-20192306/commit/66789ada933d0fdf4487f2edd28a6e49f4b75f47
  • StringBuffer及StringBufferTest的编写
  1. 代码
产品代码
public class StringBufferDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        StringBuffer buffer=new StringBuffer(20);
        buffer.append('S');
        buffer.append("tringbuffer");
        System.out.println(buffer.charAt(1));
        System.out.println(buffer.capacity());
        System.out.println(buffer.indexOf("tring12345"));
        System.out.println("buffer="+buffer.toString());
        System.out.println(buffer.length());
    }
}
测试代码
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.junit.Test;

public class StringBufferDemoTest extends TestCase {
    StringBuffer a=new StringBuffer("Stringbuffer");
    StringBuffer b=new StringBuffer("StringbufferStringbuffer");
    StringBuffer c=new StringBuffer("StringbufferStringbufferStringbuffer");
    @Test
    public void testcharAt() throws Exception{
        assertEquals('S',a.charAt(0));
        assertEquals('t',b.charAt(13));
        assertEquals('b',c.charAt(30));
    }
    @Test
    public void testindexOf() throws  Exception{
        assertEquals(0,a.indexOf("S"));
        assertEquals(1,b.indexOf("tri"));
        assertEquals(4,c.indexOf("ng"));
    }
    @Test
    public void testcapacity() throws Exception{
        assertEquals(28,a.capacity());
        assertEquals(40,b.capacity());
        assertEquals(52,c.capacity());
    }
    @Test
    public void testlength() throws Exception{
        assertEquals(12,a.length());
        assertEquals(24,b.length());
        assertEquals(36,c.length());
    }
    @Test
    public void testtoString() throws Exception{
        assertEquals("Stringbuffer",a.toString());
        assertEquals("StringbufferStringbuffer",b.toString());
        assertEquals("StringbufferStringbufferStringbuffer",c.toString());
    }
}
  1. 运行结果截图


  2. 码云托管链接
    https://gitee.com/besti1923/sun-hongli-20192306/commit/cf94a5e0dc952014a0b00744cfbe34c81cd7127e
  • OCP原则和DIP原则的应用:支持Byte类
  1. 代码
设计模式示例——支持Int类
// Server Classes
abstract class Data {
    abstract public void DisplayValue();
}
class Integer extends Data {
    int value;
    Integer() {
        value=100;
    }
    public void DisplayValue(){
        System.out.println (value);
    }
}
// Pattern Classes
abstract class Factory {
    abstract public Data CreateDataObject();
}
class IntFactory extends Factory {
    public Data CreateDataObject(){
        return new Integer();
    }
}
//Client classes
class Document {
    Data pd;
    Document(Factory pf){
        pd = pf.CreateDataObject();
    }
    public void DisplayData(){
        pd.DisplayValue();
    }
}
//Test class
public class MyDoc {
    static Document d;
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        d = new Document(new IntFactory());
        d.DisplayData();
    }
}
扩充——支持Byte类
import java.util.Objects;
abstract class Data {
    abstract public void DisplayValue();
}
class Integer extends Data {
    int value;
    Integer() {
        value=100;
    }
    public void DisplayValue(){
        System.out.println (value);
    }
}
class Long extends Data {
    long value;
    Long() {
        value=(long)20192306;
    }
    public void DisplayValue(){
        System.out.println (value);
    }
}
class Byte extends Data {
    byte value;
    Byte() {
        value=(byte)20192306;
    }
    public void DisplayValue(){
        System.out.println (value);
    }
}
abstract class Factory {
    abstract public Data CreateDataObject();
}
class IntFactory extends Factory {
    public Data CreateDataObject(){
        return new Integer();
    }
}
class LongFactory extends Factory {
    public Data CreateDataObject(){
        return new Long();
    }
}
class ByteFactory extends Factory {
    public Data CreateDataObject(){
        return new Byte();
    }
}
class Document {
    Data data;
    Document(Factory factory){
        data = factory.CreateDataObject();
    }
    public void DisplayData(){
        data.DisplayValue();

    }
}
public class MyDoc {
    static Document d;
    static Document c;
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        d = new Document(new ByteFactory());
        d.DisplayData();
        c = new Document(new LongFactory());
        c.DisplayData();
    }
}
  1. 运行结果截图


  2. 码云托管链接
    https://gitee.com/besti1923/sun-hongli-20192306/commit/1c384f85f24974aef43b76ffc62916d16446ba98
  • 以TDD的方式开发一个复数类Complex
  1. 代码
产品代码
public class Complex {
    private double RealPart;
    private double ImagePart;
    public Complex(){
    }
    public Complex(double R, double I){
        this.RealPart = R;
        this.ImagePart = I;
    }
    public double getRealPart() {
        return RealPart;
    }
    public void setRealPart(double realPart) {
        RealPart = realPart;
    }
    public double getImagePart() {
        return ImagePart;
    }
    public void setImagePart(double imagePart) {
        ImagePart = imagePart;
    }
    public boolean equals(Object obj){
        if(this == obj) {
            return true;
        }
        if(!(obj instanceof Complex)) {
            return false;
        }
        Complex complex = (Complex) obj;
        if(complex.RealPart != ((Complex) obj).RealPart) {
            return false;
        }
        if(complex.ImagePart != ((Complex) obj).ImagePart) {
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }
    public String toString()   {
        String string = "";
        if (ImagePart > 0)
            string =  RealPart + "+" + ImagePart + "i";
        if (ImagePart == 0)
            string =  RealPart + "";
        if (ImagePart < 0)
            string = RealPart + " " + ImagePart + "i";
        return string;
    }
    Complex ComplexAdd(Complex a) {
        return  new Complex(RealPart+a.RealPart,ImagePart+a.ImagePart);
    }
    Complex ComplexSub(Complex a) {
        return new Complex(RealPart-a.RealPart,ImagePart-a.ImagePart);
    }
    Complex ComplexMulti(Complex a) {
        return new Complex(RealPart*a.RealPart-ImagePart*a.ImagePart,ImagePart*a.RealPart+RealPart*a.ImagePart);
    }
    Complex  ComplexDiv(Complex a) {
        Complex d = new Complex();
        d.RealPart = (this.RealPart * a.RealPart + this.ImagePart * a.ImagePart)/(a.RealPart*a.RealPart+a.ImagePart*a.ImagePart);
        d.ImagePart = (this.ImagePart * a.RealPart - this.RealPart * a.ImagePart)/(a.RealPart*a.RealPart+a.ImagePart*a.ImagePart);
        return d;
    }
}
测试代码
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import org.junit.Test;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
public class ComplexTest extends TestCase {
    Complex complex = new Complex(1,1);
    @Test
    public void testAdd(){
        assertEquals(new Complex(2.0,1.6), complex.ComplexAdd(new Complex(5.2,3.0)));
    }
    @Test
    public void testSub(){
        assertEquals(new Complex(-2.0,-1.6), complex.ComplexSub(new Complex(5.2,3.0)));
    }
    @Test
    public void testMulti(){
        assertEquals(new Complex(3.0,2.0), complex.ComplexMulti(new Complex(3.0,2.0)));
    }
    @Test
    public void testDiv(){
        assertEquals(new Complex(1.0,1.0), complex.ComplexDiv(new Complex(1.0,1.0)));
        assertEquals(new Complex(0.0,0.0), complex.ComplexDiv(new Complex(1.0,0.0)));
    }
    @Test
    public void testequals(){
        assertEquals(true, complex.equals(new Complex(1.0,1.0)));
    }
}
  1. 运行结果截图





  2. 码云托管链接
    https://gitee.com/besti1923/sun-hongli-20192306/commit/900431a500f1265fe158d6aeb1356c5b4f754d7e
  • UML建模
  1. MyUtil
  2. StringBufferDemo
  3. Complex

3. 实验过程中遇到的问题和解决过程

  • 问题1:使用junit时,无法New->Directory
  • 问题1解决方案:在安装IDEA和链接码云的时候,因为操作的问题,造成了文件夹的“套娃”现象,在平时所使用的文件夹同级目录下还有一个src文件夹,把这个src删掉,就可以正常New->Directory了;
  • 问题2:找不到jar包
  • 问题2解决方案:按照教程在电脑中搜索“junit.jar”,没有找到,通过查询其他博客得知,可以直接在IDEA安装文件夹lib中选择,应选择“junit-4.12.jar”,“junit.jar”没有用;

其他(感悟、思考等)

  • 单元测试的好处
  1. 单元测试可最大限度的减少bug
  2. 可快速定位bug,减少调试时间
  3. 可突破构思瓶颈
  4. 提高代码质量
  • 在这次实验中学习到了如何进行Junit测试,并初步掌握了面向对象编程的过程,同时了解了TDD方式,OCP和DIP原则,知道了模式的重要作用和设计模式在Java中的重要地位;通过对老师给出的例子进行学习扩充,运用了举一反三的学习方法,对编程有了进一步的认识和熟悉。

参考资料

posted @ 2020-10-13 08:39  20192306孙洪丽  阅读(171)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报