vsphere是vmware整体解决方案

内容简介

第一部分

vsphere5.0简介

为什么需要虚拟化技术

1.数据中心的必然趋势.

2.节约资金(dhcp,dns服务器).

3.节约空间.

4.便于维护,提高高可用性.

5.资源的合理利用.

6.存储技术更好的保障数据的安全性

vsphere5.0简介

vmware vsphere 5 builds upon previous generations of vmware virtualization products,becoming an even more robust,scalable,and reliable server virualization product.with dynamic resource controls(动态资源控制),high availability(高可用性),unprecedented fault tolerance features(容错),distributed resource management(分布式资源管理),and backup tools(备份工具)incluede as part of the suite,it administrators have all the tools they need to run an enterprise environment ranging from a few servers up to thousands of servers.

esxi介绍

vmware esxi,on the other hand,is the next generation of the vmware virtualization foundation.unlike vmware esx,esxi installs and runs without the linux-based service console.this gives esxi an ultralight footprint of approximately 70 mb.despite the lack of the service console,esxi provides all the same virtualization features that vmware esx supported in earlier versions.of course,esxi 5 has been enhanced from earlier versions to support even more functionality.(从4.1以后,esx就不再被使用了)

vmware vcenter server

vcenter server,like active directory,is meantto provide a centralized management utility for all esx/esxi hosts and their respective virtual machines.(和ad一样中心的对hosts管理）必须使用vcenter server才能支持的特性:

1.virtual machine templates虚拟机模板

2.role-based access controls基于角色访问控制

3.fine-grained resource allocation controls更力度对资源关联控制

4.vmware vmotion在线迁移

5.vmware distributed resource scheduler动态资源分配

6.vmware high availability高可用性

7.vmware fault tolerance容错

8.enhanced vmotion compatibility(evc)增强型vmotion兼容性

9.host profiles

10.vnetwork distributed switches分布式交换机

11.storage and network i/o control存储和网络i/o控制

12.vsphere storage drs存储动态资源控制

vmware vcenter update manager

vsphere update manager is a plug-in for vcenter server that helps users keep their esxi hosts and select vms patched with the latest updates,vsphere update manager provides the following functionality.(为esxi主机打补丁)

1.scans to identify systems that are not compliant with the latest updates

2.user-defined rules for identifying out-of-date systems

3.automated installation of patches for esxi hosts

4.full integration with other vsphere features like distributed resource scheduler

vmware vsphere and web client

vsphere client can either directly connect to an esxi host or to an instance of vcenter server,the full set of management capabilities are only available when connecting the vsphere client to vcenter server.还可以使用web client进行管理,但是web client只提供vsphere client的部分功能.

vmware vshield zones(虚拟机防火墙)

vshield zones builds upon vsphere's virtual networking functionality to add virtual firewall functionality.vshield zones allows vsphere administrators to see and manage the network traffic flows occurring on the virtual network switches.you can apply network security policies across entire groups of machines

vmware vcenter orchestrator(自动化任务)

using vcenter orchestrator,vsphere administrators can build automated workflows to automate a wide variety of tasks available within vcenter server.the automated workflows you build using vcenter orchestrator range from simple to complex

vmware also makes vcenter orchestrator plug-ins to extend the functionality to include manipulating microsoft active directory,cisco's unified computing system(ucs),and vmware vcloud director.this makes vcenter orchestrator a powerful tool to use in building automated workflows in the virtualized data center.

vsmp技术介绍(多虚拟处理器)

the vmware virtual symmetric multi-processing(vsmp,or virtual smp)

product allows virtual infrastructure administrators to construct virtual machines with multiple virtual processors.it is the technology that allows the use of multiple processors inside a vm.

vmware vmotion and storage vmotion(在线迁移,需要共享存储

vmotion,also known as live migration,is a feature of esx/esxi and vcenter server that allows a running virtual machine to be moved from one physical host to another physical host without having to power off the virtual machine.this migration between two physical hosts occurs with no downtime and with no loss of network connectivity to the virtual machine.(主机维护,资源均衡分配,存储迁移）

storage vmotion builds on the idea and principle of vmotion,further reducing planned downtime with the ability to move a virtual machine's storage while the virtual machine is still running(升级san）

vmware drs

vmware distributed resource scheduler is a feature that aims to provide automatic distribution of resource utlization across multiple esx/esxi hosts that are configured in a cluster.(在一个cluster多个hosts之间动态分配资源)

vsphere storage drs(均衡存储的资源和性能）

vsphere storage drs,a major new feature of vmware vsphere 5,takes the idea of vsphere drs and applies it to storage.just as vsphere drs helps to balance cpu and memory utilization across a cluster of esxi hosts,storage drs helps balance storage capacity and storage performance across a cluster of data stores using mechanismsthat echo those used by vsphere drs.

i des cribed vsphere drs's feature called intelligent placement,which automates the placement of new vms based on resource usage within an esxi cluster.in the same fashion,storage drs has an intelligent placementfunction that automates the placement of vm virtual disks based on storage utilization.storage drs does this through the use of datastore clusters.when you create a new vm,you simply point it to datastore cluster,and storage drs automatically places the vm's virtual disks on an appropriate datastore within that datastore cluster.

storage i/o control and network i/o control(qos保障核心服务器网络存储资源保障)

storage i/o control allows vsphere administrators to assign relative priority to storage i/o as well as assign storage i/o limits to vms.these settings are enforced cluster-wide;when an esxi host detects storage congestion through an increase of latency beyond a user-configured threshold,it will apply the settings configured for that vm.the result is that vmware administrators can ensure that the vms that need priority access to storage resources get the resources they need.in vsphere 4.1,storage i/o control applied only to vmfs storage;vsphere 5 extends that functionality to nfs datastores.

the same goes for network i/o control,but for network traffic on the physical nics.as the widespread adoption of 10 gigabit ethernet continues,network i/o control provides vmware administrators a way to more reliably ensure that network bandwidth is properly allocated to vms based on priority and limits.

profile-driven storage(做存储定义卷的性能和vm关联)

with profile-driven storage,a new feature found in vsphere 5,vsphere administrators are able to use storage capabilities and vm storage profiles to ensure that vms are residing on storage that is able to provide the necessary levels of capacity,performance,availability,and redundancy,profile-driven storage is built on two key components:

1.storage capbilities,leveraging vsphere's storage awareness apis

2.vm storage profiles

vmware high availability(高可用性)

the vmware ha feature provides an automated process for restarting virtual machines that were running on an esx/esxi host at a time of complete server failure.

vsphere storage apls for data protection and vmware data recovery

vadp is a set of application programming interfaces(apls) that backup vendors leverage in order to provide enhanced backup functionality of virtualized environments.vadp enables functionality like file-level backup and restore;support for incremental,differential,and full-image backups;native integration with backup software;and support for multiple storage protocols.

on its own,though,vadp is just a set of interfaces,like a framework for making backups possible.you can't actually back up vms with vadp.you'll need a vadp-enaled backup application.there are a growing number of third-party backup applications that are designed to work with vadp,and vmware also offers its own backup tool,vmware data recovery(vdr),vdr leverages vadp to provide a full backup solution for smaller vmware vsphere