实验7:基于REST API的SDN北向应用实践

实验7:基于REST API的SDN北向应用实践

一、实验目的

  1. 能够编写程序调用OpenDaylight REST API实现特定网络功能;
  2. 能够编写程序调用Ryu REST API实现特定网络功能。

二、实验环境

  1. 下载虚拟机软件Oracle VisualBox或VMware;
  2. 在虚拟机中安装Ubuntu 20.04 Desktop amd64,并完整安装Mininet、OpenDaylight(Carbon版本)、Postman和Ryu;

三、实验要求

(一)基本要求

  1. OpenDayLight
    (1) 利用Mininet平台搭建下图所示网络拓扑,并连接OpenDaylight;
  • sudo mn --topo=single,3 --mac --controller=remote,ip=127.0.0.1,port=633 --switch ovsk,protocols=OpenFlow13构建拓扑

     

     

(2) 编写Python程序,调用OpenDaylight的北向接口下发指令删除s1上的流表数据。

import requests
headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}

def del_flowtable(url):
    resp = requests.delete(url, headers=headers)
    return resp

if __name__ == "__main__":
    url = "http://127.0.0.1:8181/restconf/config/opendaylight-inventory:nodes/node/openflow:1/"
    resp = del_flowtable(url)
    print(resp.content)

 

 

(3) 编写Python程序,调用OpenDaylight的北向接口下发硬超时流表,实现拓扑内主机h1和h3网络中断20s。

import requests
from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}

def dump_flowtable(url, jstr):
    resp = requests.put(url, jstr, headers=headers, auth=HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'admin'))
    return resp

if __name__ == "__main__":
    url = "http://127.0.0.1:8181/restconf/config/opendaylight-inventory:nodes/node/openflow:1/flow-node-inventory:table/0/flow/1"
    with open("./flowtable1.json") as f:
        jstr = f.read()
    resp = dump_flowtable(url, jstr)
    print(resp.content)

 

  •  flowtable1.json
{
  "flow": [
    {
      "id": "1",
      "match": {
        "in-port": "1",
        "ethernet-match": {
          "ethernet-type": {
            "type": "0x0800"
          }
        },
        "ipv4-destination": "10.0.0.3/32"
      },
      "instructions": {
        "instruction": [
          {
            "order": "0",
            "apply-actions": {
              "action": [
                {
                  "order": "0",
                  "drop-action": {}
                }
              ]
            }
          }
        ]
      },
      "flow-name": "flow1",
      "priority": "65535",
      "hard-timeout": "20",
      "cookie": "2",
      "table_id": "0"
    }
  ]
}

 

  • 执行结果

     

     

(4) 编写Python程序,调用OpenDaylight的北向接口获取s1上活动的流表数。

import requests
from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}

def get_flowtable(url):
    resp = requests.get(url, headers=headers, auth=HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'admin'))
    return resp

if __name__ == "__main__":
    url = "http://127.0.0.1:8181/restconf/operational/opendaylight-inventory:nodes/node/openflow:1/" \
          "flow-node-inventory:table/0/opendaylight-flow-table-statistics:flow-table-statistics"
    resp = get_flowtable(url)
    print(resp.content)

 

  • 执行结果

     

     

  1. Ryu
  • 开启Ryu控制器 ryu-manager ryu.app.simple_switch_13 ryu.app.ofctl_rest
    (1) 编写Python程序,调用Ryu的北向接口,实现上述OpenDaylight实验拓扑上相同的硬超时流表下发。
import requests

headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}

def dump_flowtable(url, jstr):
    resp = requests.put(url, jstr, headers=headers)
    return resp

if __name__ == "__main__":
    url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/stats/flowentry/add"
    with open("./flowtable2.json") as f:
        jstr = f.read()
    resp = dump_flowtable(url, jstr)
    print(resp.content)

 

  • 其中, flowtable2.json
{
    "dpid": 1,
    "cookie": 1,
    "cookie_mask": 1,
    "table_id": 0,
    "hard_timeout": 20,
    "priority": 65535,
    "flags": 1,
    "match":{
        "in_port":1
    },
    "actions":[

    ]
 }

 

  • 执行结果

     

     

(2) 利用Mininet平台搭建下图所示网络拓扑,要求支持OpenFlow 1.3协议,主机名、交换机名以及端口对应正确。拓扑生成后需连接Ryu,且Ryu应能够提供REST API服务。

  • 其中, 拓扑代码
from mininet.topo import Topo

class MyTopo(Topo):
    def __init__(self):
        # initilaize topology
        Topo.__init__(self)

        self.addSwitch("s1")
        self.addSwitch("s2")

        self.addHost("h1")
        self.addHost("h2")
        self.addHost("h3")
        self.addHost("h4")

        self.addLink("s1", "h1")
        self.addLink("s1", "h2")
        self.addLink("s2", "h3")
        self.addLink("s2", "h4")
        self.addLink("s1", "s2")

topos = {'mytopo': (lambda: MyTopo())}

 

  • 构建拓扑
    sudo sudo mn --custom mytopo.py --topo mytopo --mac --controller=remote,ip=127.0.0.1,port=6633 --switch ovsk,protocols=OpenFlow13

     



(3) 整理一个Shell脚本,参考Ryu REST API的文档,利用curl命令,实现和实验2相同的VLAN。

VLAN_IDHosts
0 h1 h3
1 h2 h4
  • Shell脚本
# 将主机1,2发送来的包打上vlan标记
curl -X POST -d '{
    "dpid": 1,
    "priority": 1,
    "match":{
        "in_port": 1
    },
    "actions":[
        {
            "type": "PUSH_VLAN",     # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged
            "ethertype": 33024       # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame
        },
        {
            "type": "SET_FIELD",
            "field": "vlan_vid",     # Set VLAN ID
            "value": 4096            # Describe sum of vlan_id(e.g. 6) | OFPVID_PRESENT(0x1000=4096)
        },
        {
            "type": "OUTPUT",
            "port": 3
        }
    ]
 }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add

 curl -X POST -d '{
    "dpid": 1,
    "priority": 1,
    "match":{
        "in_port": 2
    },
    "actions":[
        {
            "type": "PUSH_VLAN",     # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged
            "ethertype": 33024       # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame
        },
        {
            "type": "SET_FIELD",
            "field": "vlan_vid",     # Set VLAN ID
            "value": 4097            # Describe sum of vlan_id(e.g. 6) | OFPVID_PRESENT(0x1000=4096)
        },
        {
            "type": "OUTPUT",
            "port": 3
        }
    ]
 }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add

# 将主机3,4发送来的包取出vlan标记
 curl -X POST -d '{
    "dpid": 1,
    "priority": 1,
    "match":{
        "vlan_vid": 0
    },
    "actions":[
        {
            "type": "POP_VLAN",     # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged
            "ethertype": 33024       # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame
        },
        {
            "type": "OUTPUT",
            "port": 1
        }
    ]
 }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add

 curl -X POST -d '{
    "dpid": 1,
    "priority": 1,
    "match":{
        "vlan_vid": 1
    },
    "actions":[
        {
            "type": "POP_VLAN",     # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged
            "ethertype": 33024       # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame
        },
        {
            "type": "OUTPUT",
            "port": 2
        }
    ]
 }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add

# 将主机3,4发送来的包打上vlan标记
 curl -X POST -d '{
    "dpid": 2,
    "priority": 1,
    "match":{
        "in_port": 1
    },
    "actions":[
        {
            "type": "PUSH_VLAN",     # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged
            "ethertype": 33024       # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame
        },
        {
            "type": "SET_FIELD",
            "field": "vlan_vid",     # Set VLAN ID
            "value": 4096            # Describe sum of vlan_id(e.g. 6) | OFPVID_PRESENT(0x1000=4096)
        },
        {
            "type": "OUTPUT",
            "port": 3
        }
    ]
 }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add

 curl -X POST -d '{
    "dpid": 2,
    "priority": 1,
    "match":{
        "in_port": 2
    },
    "actions":[
        {
            "type": "PUSH_VLAN",     # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged
            "ethertype": 33024       # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame
        },
        {
            "type": "SET_FIELD",
            "field": "vlan_vid",     # Set VLAN ID
            "value": 4097            # Describe sum of vlan_id(e.g. 6) | OFPVID_PRESENT(0x1000=4096)
        },
        {
            "type": "OUTPUT",
            "port": 3
        }
    ]
 }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add

 curl -X POST -d '{
    "dpid": 2,
    "priority": 1,
    "match":{
        "vlan_vid": 0
    },
    "actions":[
        {
            "type": "POP_VLAN",     # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged
            "ethertype": 33024       # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame
        },
        {
            "type": "OUTPUT",
            "port": 1
        }
    ]
 }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add

 curl -X POST -d '{
    "dpid": 2,
    "priority": 1,
    "match":{
        "vlan_vid": 1
    },
    "actions":[
        {
            "type": "POP_VLAN",     # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged
            "ethertype": 33024       # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame
        },
        {
            "type": "OUTPUT",
            "port": 2
        }
    ]
 }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/addz

 



执行后如下
  • 四、个人总结

    • 实验难度:难

      由于对代码理解比较浅显,所以较为困难

    • 实验过程遇到的困难:

      1.问题:ping主机时发现ping不通

      解决方案:python文件又一次抽风,重新装好后解决了

      2.问题:Ryu权限出现问题

      解决方案:不知道原因,依然是重装,感受到了乌班图有时很不稳定

    • 个人感想:

      通过这次实验,进一步了解了OpenDaylight和Ryu的使用,阅读官方文档更加熟悉,复习了实验开始时的知识。自己动手比看原理更能加深理解。

posted @ 2021-10-25 20:01  sloopycat  阅读(23)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报