本项目中介绍
- 使用了selenium，需要添加匹配的chromedriver.exe的路径在webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='path')
- 请求视频详情页 如：https://www.pearvideo.com/video_1708124 , xpath 解析、获取其下的.mp4播放地址时，需要用slelenium动态加载
- 下载了https://www.pearvideo.com/category_5 板块中 生活：LIFE 下的 最热 中的四个视频
- mp4播放地址url 类似：https://video.pearvideo.com/mp4/third/20201120/cont-1708124-15454898-191438-hd.mp4
- 访问视频详情页，获取video的mp4文件的url,然后下载到本地目录当中
项目结构
mypearPro
mypearPro
spiders
pear.py
items.py
middlewares.py
pipelines.py
settings.py
pear.py中
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
import random
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
import json, re
import requests
import os
class PearSpider(scrapy.Spider):
name = 'pear'
allowed_domains = ['pearvideo.com']
start_urls = ['https://www.pearvideo.com/category_5']
path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath('__file__'))
download_path = os.path.join(path, 'video')
def __init__(self):
chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument('--window-size=1500,1366')
self.bro = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options,
executable_path='D:\python_charm\爬虫课件\我的项目文件夹\chromedriver.exe')
def parse(self, response):
li_lists = response.xpath('//*[@id="listvideoListUl"]/li')
for li in li_lists:
title = li.xpath('./div/a/div[2]/text()').extract_first()
print('-----> 视频的标题是：', title)
new_url = 'https://www.pearvideo.com/'+li.xpath('./div/a/@href').extract_first()
print('-----> 视频的详情url是：', new_url)
yield scrapy.Request(new_url, callback=self.parse_video)
# video = response.xpath('//*[@id="JprismPlayer"]/video/@src').extract_first()
# 访问视频详情页，获取video的mp4
def parse_video(self, response):
video = response.xpath('//*[@id="JprismPlayer"]/video/@src').extract_first()
print('-----> video的地址是：', video)
yield scrapy.Request(video, callback=self.parse_mp4)
def parse_mp4(self, response):
name = response.url.split('/')[-1]
print('-----> 下载的存储的地址1为：',self.path)
print('-----> 下载的存储的地址2为:', self.download_path)
with open(os.path.join(self.download_path, name), 'wb') as f:
f.write(response.body)
def closed(self, spider):
self.bro.quit()
items.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html
import scrapy
class MypearproItem(scrapy.Item):
# define the fields for your item here like:
# name = scrapy.Field()
name = scrapy.Field()
url = scrapy.Field()
middlewares.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Define here the models for your spider middleware
#
# See documentation in:
# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
from scrapy import signals
from scrapy.http import HtmlResponse
from time import sleep
class MypearproSpiderMiddleware:
# Not all methods need to be defined. If a method is not defined,
# scrapy acts as if the spider middleware does not modify the
# passed objects.
@classmethod
def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
# This method is used by Scrapy to create your spiders.
s = cls()
crawler.signals.connect(s.spider_opened, signal=signals.spider_opened)
return s
def process_spider_input(self, response, spider):
# Called for each response that goes through the spider
# middleware and into the spider.
# Should return None or raise an exception.
return None
def process_spider_output(self, response, result, spider):
# Called with the results returned from the Spider, after
# it has processed the response.
# Must return an iterable of Request, dict or Item objects.
for i in result:
yield i
def process_spider_exception(self, response, exception, spider):
# Called when a spider or process_spider_input() method
# (from other spider middleware) raises an exception.
# Should return either None or an iterable of Request, dict
# or Item objects.
pass
def process_start_requests(self, start_requests, spider):
# Called with the start requests of the spider, and works
# similarly to the process_spider_output() method, except
# that it doesn’t have a response associated.
# Must return only requests (not items).
for r in start_requests:
yield r
def spider_opened(self, spider):
spider.logger.info('Spider opened: %s' % spider.name)
class MypearproDownloaderMiddleware:
# Not all methods need to be defined. If a method is not defined,
# scrapy acts as if the downloader middleware does not modify the
# passed objects.
@classmethod
def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
# This method is used by Scrapy to create your spiders.
s = cls()
crawler.signals.connect(s.spider_opened, signal=signals.spider_opened)
return s
def process_request(self, request, spider):
# Called for each request that goes through the downloader
# middleware.
# Must either:
# - return None: continue processing this request
# - or return a Response object
# - or return a Request object
# - or raise IgnoreRequest: process_exception() methods of
# installed downloader middleware will be called
return None
def process_response(self, request, response, spider):
bro = spider.bro
if 'video_' in request.url:
bro.get(request.url)
sleep(2)
page_text = bro.page_source
new_response = HtmlResponse(url=request.url,body=page_text,encoding='utf-8',request=request)
return new_response
else:
return response
def process_exception(self, request, exception, spider):
# Called when a download handler or a process_request()
# (from other downloader middleware) raises an exception.
# Must either:
# - return None: continue processing this exception
# - return a Response object: stops process_exception() chain
# - return a Request object: stops process_exception() chain
pass
def spider_opened(self, spider):
spider.logger.info('Spider opened: %s' % spider.name)
pipelines.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
class MypearproPipeline:
def process_item(self, item, spider):
return item
settings.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Scrapy settings for myPearPro project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
BOT_NAME = 'myPearPro'
SPIDER_MODULES = ['myPearPro.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'myPearPro.spiders'
# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False
LOG_LEVEL = 'ERROR'
USER_AGENT = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.111 Safari/537.36'
# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32
# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
#DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16
# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False
# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False
# Override the default request headers:
#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
# 'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
# 'Accept-Language': 'en',
#}
# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
# 'myPearPro.middlewares.MypearproSpiderMiddleware': 543,
#}
# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
'myPearPro.middlewares.MypearproDownloaderMiddleware': 543,
}
# Enable or disable extensions
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
#EXTENSIONS = {
# 'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
#}
# Configure item pipelines
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
#ITEM_PIPELINES = {
# 'myPearPro.pipelines.MypearproPipeline': 300,
#}
# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False
# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'
