Servlet表单Get和Post读取

新建一个maven的war工程,如果没有web.xml新增一个web.xml或者拷贝一个例如:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" 
         version="2.5">

</web-app>

工程代码结构如图所示:

pom.xml添加相关依赖:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>servlet</groupId>
  <artifactId>servlet</artifactId>
  <version>1.0.0</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
    <version>3.1.0</version>
      </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</project>

一、HelloWorld入门示例

java代码如下:

package servlet.enter;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class ServletEnter extends HttpServlet{

    private static final long serialVersionUID = -876565140384532446L;
    
    private String message;
    
    public void init() throws ServletException{        
        message="HelloWorld!";        
    }
    
    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)
        throws ServletException,IOException{
        response.setContentType("text/html");
        
        PrintWriter out=response.getWriter();
        out.println("<h1>"+message+"</h1>");
    }
    
    public void destroy(){
        
    }
}

web.xml配置如下:

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>ServletEnter</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>servlet.enter.ServletEnter</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>ServletEnter</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/ServletEnter</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

若是报以下错误,多半是Servlet-class的路径没有配对。重新修改下即可。

二、Get方式获取表单数据

java代码如下:

package servlet.form;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@WebServlet("/GetFormServlet")
public class GetFormServlet extends HttpServlet {
    
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    
    public GetFormServlet() {    
        super();
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        
        PrintWriter out=response.getWriter();
        String title="使用Get方法读取表单信息";
        String name= new String(request.getParameter("name").getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
        String docType="<!DOCTYPE html> \n";
        out.println(docType+
                "<html>\n" +
                "<head><title>" + title + "</title></head>\n" +
                "<body bgcolor=\"#f0f0f0\">\n" +
                "<h1 align=\"center\">" + title + "</h1>\n" +
                "<ul>\n" +
                "  <li><b>站点名</b>:"
                + name + "\n" +
                "  <li><b>网址</b>:"
                + request.getParameter("url") + "\n" +
                "</ul>\n" +
                "</body></html>");
    }

    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }

}
可以通过 @WebServlet("/GetFormServlet")来配置Servlet路径,这样就不要在web.xml里头配置Servlet了。
Servlet通过request.getParameter来获取参数,当参数为中文的时候,要注意乱码处理
 String name= new String(request.getParameter("name").getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");
Servlet 处理表单数据,这些数据会根据不同的情况使用不同的方法自动解析:
getParameter():您可以调用 request.getParameter() 方法来获取表单参数的值。
getParameterValues():如果参数出现一次以上,则调用该方法,并返回多个值,例如复选框。
getParameterNames():如果您想要得到当前请求中的所有参数的完整列表,则调用该方法。
地址栏输入:
http://localhost:8081/servlet/GetFormServlet?name=shawWey&url=www.shawwey.com

  浏览器效果如图:

三、Post方式获取表单数据

java 代码如下:

package servlet.form;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@WebServlet("/PostFormServlet")
public class PostFormServlet extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; public PostFormServlet() { super(); } protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8"); PrintWriter out=response.getWriter(); String title="使用Post方法读取表单信息"; String name= new String(request.getParameter("name").getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8"); String docType="<!DOCTYPE html> \n"; out.println(docType+ "<html>\n" + "<head><title>" + title + "</title></head>\n" + "<body bgcolor=\"#f0f0f0\">\n" + "<h1 align=\"center\">" + title + "</h1>\n" + "<ul>\n" + " <li><b>站点名</b>:" + name + "\n" + " <li><b>网址</b>:" + request.getParameter("url") + "\n" + "</ul>\n" + "</body></html>"); } protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { doGet(request, response); } }

页面html代码如下:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>测试教程</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="PostFormServlet" method="GET">
网址名:<input type="text" name="name">
<br />
网址:<input type="text" name="url" />
<input type="submit" value="提交" />
</form>
</body>
</html>

浏览器效果:

       

 四、另一个表单实例

java代码如下:

package servlet.form;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Enumeration;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class Form extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
       
    public Form() {
        super();
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 设置响应内容类型
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        String title = "读取所有的表单数据";
        String docType =
            "<!doctype html public \"-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 " +
            "transitional//en\">\n";
            out.println(docType +
            "<html>\n" +
            "<head><meta charset=\"utf-8\"><title>" + title + "</title></head>\n" +
            "<body bgcolor=\"#f0f0f0\">\n" +
            "<h1 align=\"center\">" + title + "</h1>\n" +
            "<table width=\"100%\" border=\"1\" align=\"center\">\n" +
            "<tr bgcolor=\"#949494\">\n" +
            "<th>参数名称</th><th>参数值</th>\n"+
            "</tr>\n");

        Enumeration paramNames = request.getParameterNames();

        while(paramNames.hasMoreElements()) {
            String paramName = (String)paramNames.nextElement();
            out.print("<tr><td>" + paramName + "</td>\n");
            String[] paramValues =
            request.getParameterValues(paramName);
            // 读取单个值的数据
            if (paramValues.length == 1) {
                String paramValue = paramValues[0];
                if (paramValue.length() == 0)
                    out.println("<td><i>没有值</i></td>");
                else
                    out.println("<td>" + paramValue + "</td>");
            } else {
                // 读取多个值的数据
                out.println("<td><ul>");
                for(int i=0; i < paramValues.length; i++) {
                out.println("<li>" + paramValues[i]);
            }
                out.println("</ul></td>");
            }
            out.print("</tr>");
        }
        out.println("\n</table>\n</body></html>");
    }

    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }

}

配置web.xml

  <servlet>
    <description></description>
    <display-name>Form</display-name>
    <servlet-name>Form</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>servlet.form.Form</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>Form</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/Form</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

html页面代码如下:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>菜鸟教程(runoob.com)</title>
</head>
<body>

<form action="Form" method="POST" target="_blank">
<input type="checkbox" name="maths" checked="checked" /> 数学
<input type="checkbox" name="physics"  /> 物理
<input type="checkbox" name="chemistry" checked="checked" /> 化学
<input type="submit" value="选择学科" />
</form>

</body>
</html>

 本文代码示例: 代码下载

posted @ 2017-12-27 16:50  shawWey  阅读(969)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报