2. 在 Kubernetes 上安装 Gitlab

总结:
所需要的三个yaml文件的下载地址:https://files.cnblogs.com/files/sanduzxcvbnm/k8s-gitlab.zip

Gitlab官方提供了 Helm 的方式在 Kubernetes 集群中来快速安装,但是在使用的过程中发现 Helm 提供的 Chart 包中有很多其他额外的配置,所以我们这里使用自定义的方式来安装,也就是自己来定义一些资源清单文件。

Gitlab主要涉及到3个应用:Redis、Postgresql、Gitlab 核心程序,实际上我们只要将这3个应用分别启动起来,然后加上对应的配置就可以很方便的安装 Gitlab 了,我们这里选择使用的镜像不是官方的,而是 Gitlab 容器化中使用非常多的一个第三方镜像:sameersbn/gitlab,基本上和官方保持同步更新,地址:http://www.damagehead.com/docker-gitlab/

安装

如果我们已经有可使用的 Redis 或 Postgresql 服务的话,那么直接配置在 Gitlab 环境变量中即可,如果没有的话就单独部署。
首先部署需要的 Redis 服务,对应的资源清单文件如下:(gitlab-redis.yaml)

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: redis
  namespace: kube-ops
  labels:
    name: redis
spec:
  replicas: 1 
  selector: 
    matchLabels:
      name: redis
  template:
    metadata:
      name: redis
      labels:
        name: redis
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: redis
        image: sameersbn/redis
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        ports:
        - name: redis
          containerPort: 6379
        volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: /var/lib/redis
          name: data
        livenessProbe:
          exec:
            command:
            - redis-cli
            - ping
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          timeoutSeconds: 5
        readinessProbe:
          exec:
            command:
            - redis-cli
            - ping
          initialDelaySeconds: 5
          timeoutSeconds: 1
      volumes:
      - name: data
        emptyDir: {}

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: redis
  namespace: kube-ops
  labels:
    name: redis
spec:
  ports:
    - name: redis
      port: 6379
      targetPort: redis
  selector:
    name: redis

然后是数据库 Postgresql,对应的资源清单文件如下:(gitlab-postgresql.yaml)

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: postgresql
  namespace: kube-ops
  labels:
    name: postgresql
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      name: postgresql
  template:
    metadata:
      name: postgresql
      labels:
        name: postgresql
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: postgresql
        image: sameersbn/postgresql:10
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        env:
        - name: DB_USER
          value: gitlab
        - name: DB_PASS
          value: passw0rd
        - name: DB_NAME
          value: gitlab_production
        - name: DB_EXTENSION
          value: pg_trgm
        ports:
        - name: postgres
          containerPort: 5432
        volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: /var/lib/postgresql
          name: data
        livenessProbe:
          exec:
            command:
            - pg_isready
            - -h
            - localhost
            - -U
            - postgres
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          timeoutSeconds: 5
        readinessProbe:
          exec:
            command:
            - pg_isready
            - -h
            - localhost
            - -U
            - postgres
          initialDelaySeconds: 5
          timeoutSeconds: 1
      volumes:
      - name: data
        emptyDir: {}

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: postgresql
  namespace: kube-ops
  labels:
    name: postgresql
spec:
  ports:
    - name: postgres
      port: 5432
      targetPort: postgres
  selector:
    name: postgresql

然后就是我们最核心的 Gitlab 的应用,对应的资源清单文件如下:(gitlab.yaml)

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: gitlab
  namespace: kube-ops
  labels:
    name: gitlab
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      name: gitlab
  template:
    metadata:
      name: gitlab
      labels:
        name: gitlab
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: gitlab
        image: sameersbn/gitlab:11.8.1
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        env:
        - name: TZ
          value: Asia/Shanghai
        - name: GITLAB_TIMEZONE
          value: Beijing
        - name: GITLAB_SECRETS_DB_KEY_BASE
          value: long-and-random-alpha-numeric-string
        - name: GITLAB_SECRETS_SECRET_KEY_BASE
          value: long-and-random-alpha-numeric-string
        - name: GITLAB_SECRETS_OTP_KEY_BASE
          value: long-and-random-alpha-numeric-string
        - name: GITLAB_ROOT_PASSWORD
          value: admin321
        - name: GITLAB_ROOT_EMAIL
          value: 517554016@qq.com
        - name: GITLAB_HOST
          value: git.qikqiak.com
        - name: GITLAB_PORT
          value: "80"
        - name: GITLAB_SSH_PORT
          value: "22"
        - name: GITLAB_NOTIFY_ON_BROKEN_BUILDS
          value: "true"
        - name: GITLAB_NOTIFY_PUSHER
          value: "false"
        - name: GITLAB_BACKUP_SCHEDULE
          value: daily
        - name: GITLAB_BACKUP_TIME
          value: 01:00
        - name: DB_TYPE
          value: postgres
        - name: DB_HOST
          value: postgresql
        - name: DB_PORT
          value: "5432"
        - name: DB_USER
          value: gitlab
        - name: DB_PASS
          value: passw0rd
        - name: DB_NAME
          value: gitlab_production
        - name: REDIS_HOST
          value: redis
        - name: REDIS_PORT
          value: "6379"
        ports:
        - name: http
          containerPort: 80
        - name: ssh
          containerPort: 22
        volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: /home/git/data
          name: data
        livenessProbe:
          httpGet:
            path: /
            port: 80
          initialDelaySeconds: 180
          timeoutSeconds: 5
        readinessProbe:
          httpGet:
            path: /
            port: 80
          initialDelaySeconds: 5
          timeoutSeconds: 1
      volumes:
      - name: data
        emptyDir: {}

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: gitlab
  namespace: kube-ops
  labels:
    name: gitlab
spec:
  ports:
    - name: http
      port: 80
      targetPort: http
    - name: ssh
      port: 22
      targetPort: ssh
  selector:
    name: gitlab

---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: gitlab
  namespace: kube-ops
  annotations:
    kubernetes.io/ingress.class: traefik # 注意这个,需要事先安装好traefik,若是使用的nginx-ingress,则需要删除这两行
spec:
  rules:
  - host: git.qikqiak.com
    http:
      paths: /
      - backend:
          serviceName: gitlab
          servicePort: http

要注意我们这里应用数据没有做数据持久化,只是使用的emptyDir: {}类型的 volume,Pod 挂掉后,对应的数据也就没有了,所以要在正式的环境中使用一定要做数据的持久化,比如添加 PV/PVC 或者 StorageClass。

要注意的是其中 Redis 和 Postgresql 相关的环境变量配置,另外,我们这里添加了一个 Ingress 对象,来为我们的 Gitlab 配置一个域名git.qikqiak.com,这样应用部署完成后,我们就可以通过该域名来访问了,然后直接部署即可:

可以事先把gitlab的镜像给拉取下来:docker pull sameersbn/gitlab:11.8.1

kubectl create -f gitlab-redis.yaml
kubectl create -f gitlab-postgresql.yaml
kubectl create -f gitlab.yaml

创建完成后,查看 Pod 的部署状态:

# kubectl get pods -n kube-ops
NAME                          READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
gitlab-75f4f976f-5nldw        1/1     Running   0          3m28s
postgresql-6bdfc9f845-4bfh5   1/1     Running   0          140m
redis-644479576f-7jx9p        1/1     Running   0          141m

可以看到都已经部署成功了,然后我们可以通过 Ingress 中定义的域名git.qikqiak.com(需要做 DNS 解析或者在本地 /etc/hosts 中添加映射)来访问 Portal:
本机环境:用的是windows系统的主机,然后安装一个vmware ,然后安装俩虚拟机,一个master,一个worker组成的k8s
需要在本机windows上和workerz主机上添加如下域名解析:192.168.75.11为worker主机ip

192.168.75.11 git.qikqiak.com

(以下这俩错误是上面实际操作过程中遇到的,上面的代码都已经处理过了,可以直接执行)

运行常见错误解决:
1.error: error validating "gitlab-redis.yaml": error validating data: ValidationError(Deployment.spec): missing required field "selector" in io.k8s.api.apps.v1.DeploymentSpec; if you choose to ignore these errors, turn validation off with --validate=false

报错意思:部署验证错误,在deploymentspec模块中必须指定 selector参数。
在 Deployment.spec 模块中,除了指定 replicas 副本数量,还需要指定副本标签与 Deployment控制器进行匹配

解决办法:写全 spec的 selector标签参数,与Pod和deployment相匹配

2.error: unable to recognize "gitlab-redis.yaml": no matches for kind "Deployment" in version "apps/v1beta1"

Deployment中使用的apps接口版本不一致。
查询当前所有的版本:

# kubectl api-versions
admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1
admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1
apiextensions.k8s.io/v1
apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1
apiregistration.k8s.io/v1
apiregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1
apps/v1
authentication.k8s.io/v1
authentication.k8s.io/v1beta1
authorization.k8s.io/v1
authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
autoscaling/v1
autoscaling/v2beta1
autoscaling/v2beta2
batch/v1
batch/v1beta1
certificates.k8s.io/v1beta1
coordination.k8s.io/v1
coordination.k8s.io/v1beta1
crd.projectcalico.org/v1
discovery.k8s.io/v1beta1
events.k8s.io/v1beta1
extensions/v1beta1
kuboard.cn/v1
metrics.k8s.io/v1beta1
networking.k8s.io/v1
networking.k8s.io/v1beta1
node.k8s.io/v1beta1
policy/v1beta1
rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
scheduling.k8s.io/v1
scheduling.k8s.io/v1beta1
storage.k8s.io/v1
storage.k8s.io/v1beta1
v1

使用

使用用户名 root,和部署的时候指定的超级用户密码GITLAB_ROOT_PASSWORD=admin321即可登录进入到首页:

Gitlab 运行后,我们可以注册为新用户并创建一个项目,还可以做很多的其他系统设置,比如设置语言、设置应用风格样式等等。

点击Create a project创建一个新的项目,和之前 Github 使用上没有多大的差别:

创建完成后,我们可以添加本地用户的一个SSH-KEY,这样我们就可以通过 SSH 来拉取或者推送代码了。SSH 公钥通常包含在~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub 文件中,并以ssh-rsa开头。如果没有的话可以使用ssh-keygen命令来生成,id_rsa.pub里面的内容就是我们需要的 SSH 公钥,然后添加到 Gitlab 中。

由于平时使用的 ssh 默认是 22 端口,现在如果用默认的 22 端口去连接,是没办法和 Gitlab 容器中的 22 端口进行映射的,因为我们只是通过 Service 的 22 端口进行了映射,要想通过节点去进行 ssh 链接就需要在节点上一个端口和容器内部的22端口进行绑定,所以这里我们可以通过 NodePort 去映射 Gitlab 容器内部的22端口,比如我们将环境变量设置为GITLAB_SSH_PORT=30022,将 Gitlab 的 Service 也设置为 NodePort 类型:

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: gitlab
  namespace: kube-ops
  labels:
    name: gitlab
spec:
  ports:
    - name: http
      port: 80
      targetPort: http
    - name: ssh
      port: 22
      targetPort: ssh
      nodePort: 30022
  type: NodePort
  selector:
    name: gitlab

注意上面 ssh 对应的 nodePort 端口设置为 30022,这样就不会随机生成了,重新更新下 Deployment 和 Service,更新完成后,现在我们在项目上面 Clone 的时候使用 ssh 就会带上端口号了:

修改后的gitlab.yaml文件内容:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: gitlab
  namespace: kube-ops
  labels:
    name: gitlab
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      name: gitlab
  template:
    metadata:
      name: gitlab
      labels:
        name: gitlab
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: gitlab
        image: sameersbn/gitlab:11.8.1
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        env:
        - name: TZ
          value: Asia/Shanghai
        - name: GITLAB_TIMEZONE
          value: Beijing
        - name: GITLAB_SECRETS_DB_KEY_BASE
          value: long-and-random-alpha-numeric-string
        - name: GITLAB_SECRETS_SECRET_KEY_BASE
          value: long-and-random-alpha-numeric-string
        - name: GITLAB_SECRETS_OTP_KEY_BASE
          value: long-and-random-alpha-numeric-string
        - name: GITLAB_ROOT_PASSWORD
          value: admin321
        - name: GITLAB_ROOT_EMAIL
          value: 517554016@qq.com
        - name: GITLAB_HOST
          value: git.qikqiak.com
        - name: GITLAB_PORT
          value: "80"
        - name: GITLAB_SSH_PORT
          value: "30022" # 修改的这行
        - name: GITLAB_NOTIFY_ON_BROKEN_BUILDS
          value: "true"
        - name: GITLAB_NOTIFY_PUSHER
          value: "false"
        - name: GITLAB_BACKUP_SCHEDULE
          value: daily
        - name: GITLAB_BACKUP_TIME
          value: 01:00
        - name: DB_TYPE
          value: postgres
        - name: DB_HOST
          value: postgresql
        - name: DB_PORT
          value: "5432"
        - name: DB_USER
          value: gitlab
        - name: DB_PASS
          value: passw0rd
        - name: DB_NAME
          value: gitlab_production
        - name: REDIS_HOST
          value: redis
        - name: REDIS_PORT
          value: "6379"
        ports:
        - name: http
          containerPort: 80
        - name: ssh
          containerPort: 22
        volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: /home/git/data
          name: data
        livenessProbe:
          httpGet:
            path: /
            port: 80
          initialDelaySeconds: 180
          timeoutSeconds: 5
        readinessProbe:
          httpGet:
            path: /
            port: 80
          initialDelaySeconds: 5
          timeoutSeconds: 1
      volumes:
      - name: data
        emptyDir: {}

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: gitlab
  namespace: kube-ops
  labels:
    name: gitlab
spec:
  ports:
    - name: http
      port: 80
      targetPort: http
    - name: ssh
      port: 22
      targetPort: ssh
      nodePort: 30022 # 新增的这行
  type: NodePort  # 新增的这行
  selector:
    name: gitlab

---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: gitlab
  namespace: kube-ops
  annotations:
    kubernetes.io/ingress.class: traefik # 注意这个,需要事先安装好traefik,若是使用的nginx-ingress,则需要删除这两行
spec:
  rules:
  - host: git.qikqiak.com
    http:
      paths: /
      - backend:
          serviceName: gitlab
          servicePort: http

然后在执行:kubectl apply -f gitlab.yaml

现在就可以使用Clone with SSH的地址了,由于上面我们配置了 SSH 公钥,所以就可以直接访问上面的仓库了:

$ git clone ssh://git@git.qikqiak.com:30022/root/gitlab-demo.git
Cloning into 'gitlab-demo'...
warning: You appear to have cloned an empty repository.
Checking connectivity... done.

然后随便在该项目下面添加一些资源:

$ echo "# hello world" >  README.md
$ git add .
$ git commit -m 'hello world'
[master (root-commit) 63de7cb] hello world
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
 create mode 100644 README.md
$ git push origin master
Counting objects: 3, done.
Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 224 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done.
Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
To ssh://git@git.qikqiak.com:30022/root/gitlab-demo.git
 * [new branch]      master -> master

然后刷新浏览器,就可以看到刚刚创建的 Git 仓库中多了一个 README.md 的文件:


到这里就表明我们的 Gitlab 就成功部署到了 Kubernetes 集群当中了。

附录:安装nginx-ingress教程

# vim nginx-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx:1.7.9

# vim nginx-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: nginx-service
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  selector:
    app: nginx
  ports:
  - name: nginx-port
    protocol: TCP
    port: 80
    nodePort: 32600
    targetPort: 80
  type: NodePort

# vim nginx-ingress.yaml
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: my-ingress-for-nginx  # Ingress 的名字,仅用于标识
spec:
  rules:                      # Ingress 中定义 L7 路由规则
  - host: a.demo.kuboard.cn   # 根据 virtual hostname 进行路由(请使用您自己的域名)
    http:
      paths:                  # 按路径进行路由
      - path: /
        backend:
          serviceName: nginx-service  # 指定后端的 Service 为之前创建的 nginx-service
          servicePort: 80

执行命令

kubectl apply -f nginx-deployment.yaml
kubectl apply -f nginx-service.yaml
kubectl apply -f nginx-ingress.yaml

检查执行结果

kubectl get ingress -o wide

可查看到名称为 my-ingress-for-nginx 的 Ingress。

从互联网访问

# 请使用您自己的域名
curl git.qikqiak.com
posted @ 2020-10-21 15:59  哈喽哈喽111111  阅读(883)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报