Docker Compose的安装及命令补全
安装Compose
Compose的安装有多种方式，例如通过shell安装、通过pip安装、以及将compose作为容器安装等等。本文讲解通过shell安装的方式。其他安装方式如有兴趣，可以查看Docker的官方文档：https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/
- 下载
docker-compose，并放到/usr/local/bin/
curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.26.2/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` > /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
- 为Docker Compose脚本添加执行权限
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
ln -s /usr/local/bin/docker-compose /usr/bin/docker-compose
- 安装完成，测试：
docker-compose --version
结果显示：
docker-compose version 1.26.2, build eefe0d31
说明Compose已经成功安装完成了。
安装Compose命令补全工具
按照上文讲解，我们已经成功地安装完Docker Compose。但是，我们输入docker-compose 命令，按下TAB键，发现此时Compose并没有给我们该命令的提示，那么如何让命令给我们提示呢？我们需要安装Compose命令补全工具。Compose命令补全在Bash和Zsh下的安装方式不同，由于笔者是使用CentOS 7进行讲解的，而CentOS 7默认使用Bash，故而本文只讲解命令补全在Bash下的安装，其他Shell以及其他系统上的安装，请查看Docker的官方文档：https://docs.docker.com/compose/completion/
curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/docker/compose/$(docker-compose version --short)/contrib/completion/bash/docker-compose > /etc/bash_completion.d/docker-compose
这样，在重新登录后，输入docker-compose 命令后，按下TAB键盘，效果如下：
[root@localhost ~]# docker-compose
build config down exec kill pause ps push rm scale stop up bundle create events help logs port pull restart run start unpause version
发现已经可以自动提示了。
安装Compose命令补全工具遇到的错误
[root@docker ~]# curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/docker/compose/$(docker-compose version --short)/contrib/completion/bash/docker-compose > /etc/bash_completion.d/docker-compose
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 0curl: (7) Failed to connect to ::: Cannot assign requested address
原因分析：
地址https://raw.githubusercontent.com无法访问
解决办法：
直接找到这个文件在github上的地址，然后手动复制粘贴下来
地址：https://github.com/docker/compose/blob/master/contrib/completion/bash/docker-compose
具体步骤：
地址：https://github.com/docker/compose
看文件内容开头，有两种添加方法，这里采用第一种方法：
vim /etc/bash_completion.d/docker-compose
把下面的内容给添加进去，然后关闭终端，重新打开一个终端，就生效可以使用了
文件下载地址：https://files.cnblogs.com/files/sanduzxcvbnm/docker-compose.7z
下载后直接解压缩上传到/etc/bash_completion.d/路径下即可
文件内容
#!/bin/bash
#
# bash completion for docker-compose
#
# This work is based on the completion for the docker command.
#
# This script provides completion of:
# - commands and their options
# - service names
# - filepaths
#
# To enable the completions either:
# - place this file in /etc/bash_completion.d
# or
# - copy this file to e.g. ~/.docker-compose-completion.sh and add the line
# below to your .bashrc after bash completion features are loaded
# . ~/.docker-compose-completion.sh
__docker_compose_previous_extglob_setting=$(shopt -p extglob)
shopt -s extglob
__docker_compose_q() {
docker-compose 2>/dev/null "${top_level_options[@]}" "$@"
}
# Transforms a multiline list of strings into a single line string
# with the words separated by "|".
__docker_compose_to_alternatives() {
local parts=( $1 )
local IFS='|'
echo "${parts[*]}"
}
# Transforms a multiline list of options into an extglob pattern
# suitable for use in case statements.
__docker_compose_to_extglob() {
local extglob=$( __docker_compose_to_alternatives "$1" )
echo "@($extglob)"
}
# Determines whether the option passed as the first argument exist on
# the commandline. The option may be a pattern, e.g. `--force|-f`.
__docker_compose_has_option() {
local pattern="$1"
for (( i=2; i < $cword; ++i)); do
if [[ ${words[$i]} =~ ^($pattern)$ ]] ; then
return 0
fi
done
return 1
}
# Returns `key` if we are currently completing the value of a map option (`key=value`)
# which matches the extglob passed in as an argument.
# This function is needed for key-specific completions.
__docker_compose_map_key_of_current_option() {
local glob="$1"
local key glob_pos
if [ "$cur" = "=" ] ; then # key= case
key="$prev"
glob_pos=$((cword - 2))
elif [[ $cur == *=* ]] ; then # key=value case (OSX)
key=${cur%=*}
glob_pos=$((cword - 1))
elif [ "$prev" = "=" ] ; then
key=${words[$cword - 2]} # key=value case
glob_pos=$((cword - 3))
else
return
fi
[ "${words[$glob_pos]}" = "=" ] && ((glob_pos--)) # --option=key=value syntax
[[ ${words[$glob_pos]} == @($glob) ]] && echo "$key"
}
# suppress trailing whitespace
__docker_compose_nospace() {
# compopt is not available in ancient bash versions
type compopt &>/dev/null && compopt -o nospace
}
# Outputs a list of all defined services, regardless of their running state.
# Arguments for `docker-compose ps` may be passed in order to filter the service list,
# e.g. `status=running`.
__docker_compose_services() {
__docker_compose_q ps --services "$@"
}
# Applies completion of services based on the current value of `$cur`.
# Arguments for `docker-compose ps` may be passed in order to filter the service list,
# see `__docker_compose_services`.
__docker_compose_complete_services() {
COMPREPLY=( $(compgen -W "$(__docker_compose_services "$@")" -- "$cur") )
}
# The services for which at least one running container exists
__docker_compose_complete_running_services() {
local names=$(__docker_compose_services --filter status=running)
COMPREPLY=( $(compgen -W "$names" -- "$cur") )
}
_docker_compose_build() {
case "$prev" in
--build-arg)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -e -- "$cur" ) )
__docker_compose_nospace
return
;;
--memory|-m)
return
;;
esac
case "$cur" in
-*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "--build-arg --compress --force-rm --help --memory -m --no-cache --no-rm --pull --parallel -q --quiet" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
*)
__docker_compose_complete_services --filter source=build
;;
esac
}
_docker_compose_config() {
case "$prev" in
--hash)
if [[ $cur == \\* ]] ; then
COMPREPLY=( '\*' )
else
COMPREPLY=( $(compgen -W "$(__docker_compose_services) \\\* " -- "$cur") )
fi
return
;;
esac
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "--hash --help --no-interpolate --quiet -q --resolve-image-digests --services --volumes" -- "$cur" ) )
}
_docker_compose_create() {
case "$cur" in
-*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "--build --force-recreate --help --no-build --no-recreate" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
*)
__docker_compose_complete_services
;;
esac
}
_docker_compose_docker_compose() {
case "$prev" in
--tlscacert|--tlscert|--tlskey)
_filedir
return
;;
--file|-f)
_filedir "y?(a)ml"
return
;;
--log-level)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "debug info warning error critical" -- "$cur" ) )
return
;;
--project-directory)
_filedir -d
return
;;
--env-file)
_filedir
return
;;
$(__docker_compose_to_extglob "$daemon_options_with_args") )
return
;;
esac
case "$cur" in
-*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "$daemon_boolean_options $daemon_options_with_args $top_level_options_with_args --help -h --no-ansi --verbose --version -v" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "${commands[*]}" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
esac
}
_docker_compose_down() {
case "$prev" in
--rmi)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "all local" -- "$cur" ) )
return
;;
--timeout|-t)
return
;;
esac
case "$cur" in
-*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "--help --rmi --timeout -t --volumes -v --remove-orphans" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
esac
}
_docker_compose_events() {
case "$prev" in
--json)
return
;;
esac
case "$cur" in
-*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "--help --json" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
*)
__docker_compose_complete_services
;;
esac
}
_docker_compose_exec() {
case "$prev" in
--index|--user|-u|--workdir|-w)
return
;;
esac
case "$cur" in
-*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "-d --detach --help --index --privileged -T --user -u --workdir -w" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
*)
__docker_compose_complete_running_services
;;
esac
}
_docker_compose_help() {
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "${commands[*]}" -- "$cur" ) )
}
_docker_compose_images() {
case "$cur" in
-*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "--help --quiet -q" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
*)
__docker_compose_complete_services
;;
esac
}
_docker_compose_kill() {
case "$prev" in
-s)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "SIGHUP SIGINT SIGKILL SIGUSR1 SIGUSR2" -- "$(echo $cur | tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]')" ) )
return
;;
esac
case "$cur" in
-*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "--help -s" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
*)
__docker_compose_complete_running_services
;;
esac
}
_docker_compose_logs() {
case "$prev" in
--tail)
return
;;
esac
case "$cur" in
-*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "--follow -f --help --no-color --tail --timestamps -t" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
*)
__docker_compose_complete_services
;;
esac
}
_docker_compose_pause() {
case "$cur" in
-*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "--help" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
*)
__docker_compose_complete_running_services
;;
esac
}
_docker_compose_port() {
case "$prev" in
--protocol)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "tcp udp" -- "$cur" ) )
return;
;;
--index)
return;
;;
esac
case "$cur" in
-*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "--help --index --protocol" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
*)
__docker_compose_complete_services
;;
esac
}
_docker_compose_ps() {
local key=$(__docker_compose_map_key_of_current_option '--filter')
case "$key" in
source)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "build image" -- "${cur##*=}" ) )
return
;;
status)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "paused restarting running stopped" -- "${cur##*=}" ) )
return
;;
esac
case "$prev" in
--filter)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "source status" -S "=" -- "$cur" ) )
__docker_compose_nospace
return;
;;
esac
case "$cur" in
-*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "--all -a --filter --help --quiet -q --services" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
*)
__docker_compose_complete_services
;;
esac
}
_docker_compose_pull() {
case "$cur" in
-*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "--help --ignore-pull-failures --include-deps --no-parallel --quiet -q" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
*)
__docker_compose_complete_services --filter source=image
;;
esac
}
_docker_compose_push() {
case "$cur" in
-*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "--help --ignore-push-failures" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
*)
__docker_compose_complete_services
;;
esac
}
_docker_compose_restart() {
case "$prev" in
--timeout|-t)
return
;;
esac
case "$cur" in
-*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "--help --timeout -t" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
*)
__docker_compose_complete_running_services
;;
esac
}
_docker_compose_rm() {
case "$cur" in
-*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "--force -f --help --stop -s -v" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
*)
if __docker_compose_has_option "--stop|-s" ; then
__docker_compose_complete_services
else
__docker_compose_complete_services --filter status=stopped
fi
;;
esac
}
_docker_compose_run() {
case "$prev" in
-e)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -e -- "$cur" ) )
__docker_compose_nospace
return
;;
--entrypoint|--label|-l|--name|--user|-u|--volume|-v|--workdir|-w)
return
;;
esac
case "$cur" in
-*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "--detach -d --entrypoint -e --help --label -l --name --no-deps --publish -p --rm --service-ports -T --use-aliases --user -u --volume -v --workdir -w" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
*)
__docker_compose_complete_services
;;
esac
}
_docker_compose_scale() {
case "$prev" in
=)
COMPREPLY=("$cur")
return
;;
--timeout|-t)
return
;;
esac
case "$cur" in
-*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "--help --timeout -t" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
*)
COMPREPLY=( $(compgen -S "=" -W "$(__docker_compose_services)" -- "$cur") )
__docker_compose_nospace
;;
esac
}
_docker_compose_start() {
case "$cur" in
-*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "--help" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
*)
__docker_compose_complete_services --filter status=stopped
;;
esac
}
_docker_compose_stop() {
case "$prev" in
--timeout|-t)
return
;;
esac
case "$cur" in
-*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "--help --timeout -t" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
*)
__docker_compose_complete_running_services
;;
esac
}
_docker_compose_top() {
case "$cur" in
-*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "--help" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
*)
__docker_compose_complete_running_services
;;
esac
}
_docker_compose_unpause() {
case "$cur" in
-*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "--help" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
*)
__docker_compose_complete_services --filter status=paused
;;
esac
}
_docker_compose_up() {
case "$prev" in
=)
COMPREPLY=("$cur")
return
;;
--exit-code-from)
__docker_compose_complete_services
return
;;
--scale)
COMPREPLY=( $(compgen -S "=" -W "$(__docker_compose_services)" -- "$cur") )
__docker_compose_nospace
return
;;
--timeout|-t)
return
;;
esac
case "$cur" in
-*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "--abort-on-container-exit --always-recreate-deps --attach-dependencies --build -d --detach --exit-code-from --force-recreate --help --no-build --no-color --no-deps --no-recreate --no-start --renew-anon-volumes -V --remove-orphans --scale --timeout -t" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
*)
__docker_compose_complete_services
;;
esac
}
_docker_compose_version() {
case "$cur" in
-*)
COMPREPLY=( $( compgen -W "--short" -- "$cur" ) )
;;
esac
}
_docker_compose() {
local previous_extglob_setting=$(shopt -p extglob)
shopt -s extglob
local commands=(
build
config
create
down
events
exec
help
images
kill
logs
pause
port
ps
pull
push
restart
rm
run
scale
start
stop
top
unpause
up
version
)
# Options for the docker daemon that have to be passed to secondary calls to
# docker-compose executed by this script.
local daemon_boolean_options="
--skip-hostname-check
--tls
--tlsverify
"
local daemon_options_with_args="
--context -c
--env-file
--file -f
--host -H
--project-directory
--project-name -p
--tlscacert
--tlscert
--tlskey
"
# These options are require special treatment when searching the command.
local top_level_options_with_args="
--log-level
"
COMPREPLY=()
local cur prev words cword
_get_comp_words_by_ref -n : cur prev words cword
# search subcommand and invoke its handler.
# special treatment of some top-level options
local command='docker_compose'
local top_level_options=()
local counter=1
while [ $counter -lt $cword ]; do
case "${words[$counter]}" in
$(__docker_compose_to_extglob "$daemon_boolean_options") )
local opt=${words[counter]}
top_level_options+=($opt)
;;
$(__docker_compose_to_extglob "$daemon_options_with_args") )
local opt=${words[counter]}
local arg=${words[++counter]}
top_level_options+=($opt $arg)
;;
$(__docker_compose_to_extglob "$top_level_options_with_args") )
(( counter++ ))
;;
-*)
;;
*)
command="${words[$counter]}"
break
;;
esac
(( counter++ ))
done
local completions_func=_docker_compose_${command//-/_}
declare -F $completions_func >/dev/null && $completions_func
eval "$previous_extglob_setting"
return 0
}
eval "$__docker_compose_previous_extglob_setting"
unset __docker_compose_previous_extglob_setting
complete -F _docker_compose docker-compose docker-compose.exe
