understand学习笔记

Understand软件的功能主要定位于代码的阅读理解。界面用Qt开发的。
一：具备如下特性：
　　1、支持多语言：Ada, C, C++, C#, Java, FORTRAN, Delphi, Jovial, and PL/M ，混合语言的project也支持
　　2、多平台： Windows/Linux/Solaris/HP-UX/IRIX/MAC OS X
　　3、代码语法高亮、代码折迭、交叉跳转、书签等基本阅读功能。
　　4、可以对整个project的architecture、metrics进行分析并输出报表。
　　5、可以对代码生成多种图（butterfly graph、call graph、called by graph、control flow graph、UML class graph等），在图上点击节点可以跳转到对应的源代码位置。
　　6、提供Perl API便于扩展。作图全部是用Perl插件实现的，直接读取分析好的数据库作图。
　　7、内置的目录和文件比较器。
　　8、支持project的snapshot，并能和自家的TrackBack集成便于监视project的变化。

二：用understand获取函数调用关系：

  use Understand;
  $db = Understand::open("newtank.udb");
  foreach $method ($db->ents("Method")) {
	
	foreach $references ($method->refs("Call","Method")){
		print $references->kind->longname()."   ".$method->name()."   ".$references->ent()->name()."\n";
	}
  }

三：understand修改flowchart来获取函数控制流：

use base ("Understand::Graph::Gv");
use Understand::Flowchart;
use strict;

sub name { return "Control Flow"; }

sub description {
  return "A plugin for generation of simple flowcharts.";
}

sub test_entity {
  my $entity = shift;
  my $result = isValidFlowchartEntity($entity);
  return $result ? 1 : -1;
}


sub test_global { return -1; }

sub init {
  my $graph = shift;

  $graph->options->define("Collapse", ["On", "Off"], "On");
  $graph->options->define("Display Preceding Comments",["Off","IF Statements","On","On With Code"],"Off");
  $graph->options->define("Display Assembly",["On","Off"],"Off");
  $graph->options->define("Display Entity Name",["On","Off"],"Off");
  $graph->options->define("Overview Mode",["On","Off"],"Off");
  $graph->options->define("Macro Expansion",["Off","On (\"Save Macro Expansion Text\" must be enabled)"],"Off");
}

sub do_load {
  my $g = shift;
  my $entity = shift;
    
  my $expandmacros = $g->options->lookup("Macro Expansion") ne "Off";
  my $collapse     = $g->options->lookup("Collapse") eq "On";
  my $comment_conditional = $g->options->lookup("Display Preceding Comments") eq "IF Statements";
  my $allComments = $g->options->lookup("Display Preceding Comments") eq "On";
  my $codeAndComments = $g->options->lookup("Display Preceding Comments") eq "On With Code";
  my $displayAsm = $g->options->lookup("Display Assembly") eq "On";
  my $overviewMode  = $g->options->lookup("Overview Mode") eq "On";

  $g->default("shape", "box", "node");
  $g->default("color", "blue", "node");
  $g->default("color", "black", "edge");
  $g->default("style", "solid", "edge");

  my @nodes = createFlowchart($entity,$expandmacros,$collapse);
  open CONTROLFLOW,">D:/controlflow.txt";
  
  my @graphNodes;
　my @nodehash;　

  #Draw the nodes
  foreach my $node(@nodes){

    my $nodeid = $node->get("id");
    my $startName = $nodeid eq 0 && $g->options->lookup("Display Entity Name") eq "On";
    
    my $graphNode = $g->node($nodeid);
   
    $graphNode->sync($node->get("file_ent"), $node->get("line"), 0);

    #Node Text
    my $text = $node->get("label") ;
    $text .= "\n(".$entity->longname.")" if $startName;
	

    my $nodeComment = $node->get("comment");
    if ($nodeComment){
      $text = $nodeComment if $allComments;
      $text ="/*".$nodeComment."*/\n".$text if $codeAndComments;
      $text = $nodeComment if  $comment_conditional && $node->get("type") eq "conditional";
    }
    
    $text = "" if $overviewMode;
    $graphNode->set("label", $text);

    
    #Other node properties
    $graphNode->set("color", $node->get("color")) if $node->get("color");
    $graphNode->set("shape", $node->get("shape")) if $node->get("shape");
    $graphNode->set("color", "red") if $node->get("unreachable");
    $graphNode->set("shape", "box") if $startName;
    
    $graphNodes[$nodeid] = $graphNode;
    $nodehash[$nodeid] = $node;
 }
  #Draw the edges
  foreach my $node(@nodes){
    foreach my $edge ($node->edgeList()){
      $source =　$edge->get("source");　　　
      $target = $edge->get("target");
　　　 my $srcGraphNode = $graphNodes[$source];
      my $targetGraphNode = $graphNodes[$target];
      my $graphEdge = $g->edge($srcGraphNode, $targetGraphNode);
      $graphEdge->set("color",$edge->get("color"));
      $graphEdge->set("label",$edge->get("type")) unless $overviewMode;
      print CONTROLFLOW $nodehash[$source]->get("label")."    ".$nodehash[$target]->get("label")."\n";
    }
  }
  close HELLO;
  
}
当用命令行运行函数的draw（“control flow”）方法时，内部调用上面这个文件，在D盘生成我们所需要的含有控制流信息的文件。