代码演示C#各版本新功能
代码演示C#各版本新功能
C# 发展历史
C#各版本新功能其实都能在官网搜到,但很少有人整理在一起,并通过非常简短的代码将每个新特性演示出来。
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代码演示C#各版本新功能 
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C# 2.0版 - 2005 
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泛型 
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分部类型 
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匿名方法 
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可以为null的值类型 
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迭代器 
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协变和逆变 
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C# 3.0版 - 2007 
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自动实现的属性 
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匿名类型 
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查询表达式(LINQ) 
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Lambda表达式 
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表达式树 
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扩展方法 
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var 
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分部方法 
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对象和集合初始值设定项 
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C# 4.0版 - 2010 
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dynamic 
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命名参数/可选参数 
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泛型中的协变和逆变 
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类型等效、内置互操作类型 
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C# 5.0版 - 2012 
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async/await 
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调用方信息 
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C# 6.0版 - 2015 
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静态导入 
- 
异常筛选器 
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自动初始化表达式 
- 
Expression-bodied 函数成员 
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Null传播器 
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字符串内插 
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nameof表达式
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索引初始值设定项 
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C# 7.0版本 - 2017 
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out变量 
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元组和析构函数 
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模式匹配 
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本地函数 
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更多的expression-bodied成员 
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Ref 局部变量和返回结果 
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弃元 
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二进制文本和数字分隔符 
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throw表达式 
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C# 8.0 版 - 2019 
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Readonly 成员 
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默认接口方法 
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模式匹配增强 
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属性模式 
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Tuple模式 
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位置模式 
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switch表达式 
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using声明 
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静态本地函数 
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异步流 
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索引和范围 
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Null合并赋值 
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非托管构造类型 
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嵌套表达式中的 stackalloc 
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附录/总结 
C# 2.0版 - 2005
泛型
Java中的泛型不支持值类型,且会运行时类型擦除,这一点 .NET更优秀。
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// Declare the generic class.
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public class GenericList<T>
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{
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public void Add(T input) { }
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}
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class TestGenericList
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{
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private class ExampleClass { }
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static void Main()
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{
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// Declare a list of type int.
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GenericList<int> list1 = new GenericList<int>();
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list1.Add(1);
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// Declare a list of type string.
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GenericList<string> list2 = new GenericList<string>();
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list2.Add("");
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// Declare a list of type ExampleClass.
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GenericList<ExampleClass> list3 = new GenericList<ExampleClass>();
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list3.Add(new ExampleClass());
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}
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}
分部类型
拆分一个类、一个结构、一个接口或一个方法的定义到两个或更多的文件中是可能的。每个源文件包含类型或方法定义的一部分,编译应用程序时将把所有部分组合起来。
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public partial class Employee
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{
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public void DoWork()
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{
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}
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}
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public partial class Employee
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{
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public void GoToLunch()
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{
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}
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}
匿名方法
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Func<int, int, int> sum = delegate (int a, int b) { return a + b; };
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Console.WriteLine(sum(3, 4)); // output: 7
可以为null的值类型
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double? pi = 3.14;
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char? letter = 'a';
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int m2 = 10;
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int? m = m2;
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bool? flag = null;
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// An array of a nullable type:
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int?[] arr = new int?[10];
迭代器
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static void Main()
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{
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foreach (int number in SomeNumbers())
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{
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Console.Write(number.ToString() + " ");
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}
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// Output: 3 5 8
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Console.ReadKey();
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}
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public static System.Collections.IEnumerable SomeNumbers()
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{
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yield return 3;
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yield return 5;
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yield return 8;
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}
协变和逆变
在 C# 中,协变和逆变能够实现数组类型、委托类型和泛型类型参数的隐式引用转换。协变保留分配兼容性,逆变则与之相反。
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// Assignment compatibility.
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string str = "test";
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// An object of a more derived type is assigned to an object of a less derived type.
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object obj = str;
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// Covariance.
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IEnumerable<string> strings = new List<string>();
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// An object that is instantiated with a more derived type argument
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// is assigned to an object instantiated with a less derived type argument.
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// Assignment compatibility is preserved.
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IEnumerable<object> objects = strings;
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// Contravariance.
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// Assume that the following method is in the class:
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// static void SetObject(object o) { }
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Action<object> actObject = SetObject;
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// An object that is instantiated with a less derived type argument
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// is assigned to an object instantiated with a more derived type argument.
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// Assignment compatibility is reversed.
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Action<string> actString = actObject;
C# 3.0版 - 2007
自动实现的属性
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// This class is mutable. Its data can be modified from
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// outside the class.
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class Customer
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{
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// Auto-implemented properties for trivial get and set
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public double TotalPurchases { get; set; }
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public string Name { get; set; }
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public int CustomerID { get; set; }
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// Constructor
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public Customer(double purchases, string name, int ID)
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{
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TotalPurchases = purchases;
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Name = name;
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CustomerID = ID;
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}
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// Methods
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public string GetContactInfo() { return "ContactInfo"; }
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public string GetTransactionHistory() { return "History"; }
- 
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// .. Additional methods, events, etc.
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}
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class Program
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{
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static void Main()
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{
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// Intialize a new object.
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Customer cust1 = new Customer(4987.63, "Northwind", 90108);
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// Modify a property.
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cust1.TotalPurchases += 499.99;
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}
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}
匿名类型
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var v = new { Amount = 108, Message = "Hello" };
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// Rest the mouse pointer over v.Amount and v.Message in the following
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// statement to verify that their inferred types are int and n .
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Console.WriteLine(v.Amount + v.Message);
查询表达式(LINQ)
LINQ允许你可以像写 SQL一样写 C#代码,像这样:
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from p in persons
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where p.Age > 18 && p.IsBeatiful
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select new
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{
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p.WeChatId,
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p.PhoneNumber
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}
LINQ的意义在于让 C#做出了重大调整,本章中说到的 lambda表达式、扩展方法、表达式树、匿名类型、自动属性等,都是 LINQ的必要组成部分。
由于用扩展方法的形式也能得到一致的结果,而且还能让代码风格更加一致,所以我平时用 LINQ语法较少:
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// 与上文代码相同,但改成了扩展方法风格:
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persons
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.Where(x => x.Age > 18 && x.IsBeatiful)
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.Select(x => new
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{
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x.WeChatId,
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x.PhoneNumber,
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});
Lambda表达式
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Func<int, int> square = x => x * x;
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Console.WriteLine(square(5));
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// Output:
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// 25
表达式树
这个是 LINQ的基础之一,它的作用是将代码像数据一样,保存在内存中;然后稍后对这些“代码数据”进行重新解释/执行。
EntityFramework就是一个经典场景,它先将表达式树保存起来,然后执行时,将其翻译为 SQL发给数据库执行。
注意:表达式树并不能表示所有的代码,
C# 3.0之后的语法,包含??、?.、asyncawait、可选参数等,都无法放到表达式树中。据说官方准备更新它,但迟迟没有进展。
扩展方法
扩展方法使你能够向现有类型“添加”方法,而无需创建新的派生类型、重新编译或以其他方式修改原始类型。
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static void Main()
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{
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Console.WriteLine ("Perth".IsCapitalized());
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// Equivalent to:
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Console.WriteLine (StringHelper.IsCapitalized ("Perth"));
- 
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// Interfaces can be extended, too:
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Console.WriteLine ("Seattle".First()); // S
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}
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public static class StringHelper
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{
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public static bool IsCapitalized (this string s)
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{
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if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(s)) return false;
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return char.IsUpper (s[0]);
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}
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public static T First<T> (this IEnumerable<T> sequence)
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{
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foreach (T element in sequence)
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return element;
- 
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throw new InvalidOperationException ("No elements!");
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}
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}
var
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var i = 10; // Implicitly typed.
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int i = 10; // Explicitly typed.
分部方法
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namespace PM
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{
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partial class A
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{
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partial void OnSomethingHappened(string s);
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}
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// This part can be in a separate file.
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partial class A
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{
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// Comment out this method and the program
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// will still compile.
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partial void OnSomethingHappened(String s)
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{
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Console.WriteLine("Something happened: {0}", s);
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}
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}
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}
对象和集合初始值设定项
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public class Cat
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{
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// Auto-implemented properties.
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public int Age { get; set; }
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public string Name { get; set; }
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public Cat()
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{
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}
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public Cat(string name)
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{
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this.Name = name;
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}
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}
C# 4.0版 - 2010
dynamic
这个是特性使得 CLR不得不进行一次修改。有了这个, C#也能像 js、 php、 python等弱类型语言一样写代码了。
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dynamic a = 3;
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a = 3.14;
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a = "Hello World";
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a = new[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
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a = new Func<int>(() => 3);
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a = new StringBuilder();
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Console.WriteLine(a.GetType().Name); // StringBuilder
注意 dynamic可以表示任何东西,包含数组、委托等等。滥用 dynamic容易让程序变得很难维护。
命名参数/可选参数
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PrintOrderDetails(productName: "Red Mug", sellerName: "Gift Shop", orderNum: 31);
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public void ExampleMethod(int required, string optionalstr = "default string",
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int optionalint = 10)
泛型中的协变和逆变
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IEnumerable<Derived> d = new List<Derived>();
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IEnumerable<Base> b = d;
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Action<Base> b = (target) => { Console.WriteLine(target.GetType().Name); };
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Action<Derived> d = b;
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d(new Derived());
类型等效、内置互操作类型
这个主要是为了和 COM进行交互。之前需要引用一些 COM类型相关的程序集,现在可以直接引用 COM。具体可以参见:https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/framework/interop/type-equivalence-and-embedded-interop-types
C# 5.0版 - 2012
async/await
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private DamageResult CalculateDamageDone()
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{
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// Code omitted:
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//
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// Does an expensive calculation and returns
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// the result of that calculation.
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}
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calculateButton.Clicked += async (o, e) =>
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{
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// This line will yield control to the UI while CalculateDamageDone()
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// performs its work. The UI thread is free to perform other work.
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var damageResult = await Task.Run(() => CalculateDamageDone());
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DisplayDamage(damageResult);
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};
async/ await的本质是状态机,像 IEnumerable<T>一样。以前游戏引擎 Unity只支持 C# 3.0,因此当时它用状态机发 Http请求是用的 IEnumerable<T>。
async/ await有两个好处,一是可以避免 UI线程卡顿,二是提高系统吞吐率,最终提高性能。
调用方信息
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public void DoProcessing()
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{
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TraceMessage("Something happened.");
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}
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public void TraceMessage(string message,
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[CallerMemberName] string memberName = "",
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[CallerFilePath] string sourceFilePath = "",
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[CallerLineNumber] int sourceLineNumber = 0)
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{
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System.Diagnostics.Trace.WriteLine("message: " + message);
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System.Diagnostics.Trace.WriteLine("member name: " + memberName);
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System.Diagnostics.Trace.WriteLine("source file path: " + sourceFilePath);
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System.Diagnostics.Trace.WriteLine("source line number: " + sourceLineNumber);
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}
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// Sample Output:
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// message: Something happened.
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// member name: DoProcessing
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// source file path: c:\Visual Studio Projects\CallerInfoCS\CallerInfoCS\Form1.cs
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// source line number: 31
注意这个是编译期生成的,因此比 StackTrace更能保证性能。
C# 6.0版 - 2015
静态导入
终于可以不用写静态类名了。
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using static System.Math;
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using static System.Console;
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WriteLine(Sin(3.14)); // 0.00159265291648683
异常筛选器
在 try-catch时,可以按指定的条件进行 catch,其它条件不 catch。
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public static async Task<string> MakeRequest()
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{
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WebRequestHandler webRequestHandler = new WebRequestHandler();
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webRequestHandler.AllowAutoRedirect = false;
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using (HttpClient client = new HttpClient(webRequestHandler))
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{
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var stringTask = client.GetStringAsync("https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/about/");
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try
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{
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var responseText = await stringTask;
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return responseText;
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}
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catch (System.Net.Http.HttpRequestException e) when (e.Message.Contains("301"))
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{
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return "Site Moved";
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}
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}
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}
自动初始化表达式
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public ICollection<double> Grades { get; } = new List<double>();
Expression-bodied 函数成员
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public override string ToString() => $"{LastName}, {FirstName}";
Null传播器
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var first = person?.FirstName;
字符串内插
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public string GetGradePointPercentage() =>
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$"Name: {LastName}, {FirstName}. G.P.A: {Grades.Average():F2}";
nameof表达式
有时字符串值和某个变量名称一致,尤其是在做参数验证时。这里 nameof就能在编译期,自动从变量名生成一个字符串。
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if (IsNullOrWhiteSpace(lastName))
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throw new ArgumentException(message: "Cannot be blank", paramName: nameof(lastName));
索引初始值设定项
使集合初始化更容易的另一个功能是对 Add 方法使用扩展方法 。添加此功能的目的是进行 Visual Basic 的奇偶校验。如果自定义集合类的方法具有通过语义方式添加新项的名称,则此功能非常有用。
C# 7.0版本 - 2017
out变量
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if (int.TryParse(input, out int result))
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Console.WriteLine(result);
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else
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Console.WriteLine("Could not parse input");
元组和解构函数
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(string Alpha, string Beta) namedLetters = ("a", "b");
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Console.WriteLine($"{namedLetters.Alpha}, {namedLetters.Beta}");
解构是将元组转换为变量。//忽略…构函数应该类似C++中的析构函数,在实例回收时执行?
模式匹配
现在可以在匹配一个类型时,自动转换为这个类型的变量,如果转换失败,这个变量就赋值为默认值( null或 0)。
极简版:
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if (input is int count)
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sum += count;
switch/case版:
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public static int SumPositiveNumbers(IEnumerable<object> sequence)
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{
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int sum = 0;
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foreach (var i in sequence)
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{
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switch (i)
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{
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case 0:
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break;
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case IEnumerable<int> childSequence:
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{
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foreach(var item in childSequence)
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sum += (item > 0) ? item : 0;
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break;
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}
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case int n when n > 0:
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sum += n;
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break;
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case null:
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throw new NullReferenceException("Null found in sequence");
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default:
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throw new InvalidOperationException("Unrecognized type");
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}
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}
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return sum;
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}
本地函数
这个主要是方便, javascript就能这样写。
比 lambda的好处在于,这个可以定义在后面,而 lambda必须定义在前面。
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public static IEnumerable<char> AlphabetSubset3(char start, char end)
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{
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if (start < 'a' || start > 'z')
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throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(paramName: nameof(start), message: "start must be a letter");
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if (end < 'a' || end > 'z')
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throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(paramName: nameof(end), message: "end must be a letter");
- 
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if (end <= start)
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throw new ArgumentException($"{nameof(end)} must be greater than {nameof(start)}");
- 
- 
return alphabetSubsetImplementation();
- 
- 
IEnumerable<char> alphabetSubsetImplementation()
- 
{
- 
for (var c = start; c < end; c++)
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yield return c;
- 
}
- 
}
更多的expression-bodied成员
该功能可以让一些函数写成表达式的形式,非常的方便。
- 
// Expression-bodied constructor
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public ExpressionMembersExample(string label) => this.Label = label;
- 
- 
// Expression-bodied finalizer
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~ExpressionMembersExample() => Console.Error.WriteLine("Finalized!");
- 
- 
private string label;
- 
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// Expression-bodied get / set accessors.
- 
public string Label
- 
{
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get => label;
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set => this.label = value ?? "Default label";
- 
}
Ref 局部变量和返回结果
此功能允许使用并返回对变量的引用的算法,这些变量在其他位置定义。一个示例是使用大型矩阵并查找具有某些特征的单个位置。
这个功能主要是为了提高值类型的性能,让它真正发挥其作用。 C++就有类似的功能。
- 
public static ref int Find(int[,] matrix, Func<int, bool> predicate)
- 
{
- 
for (int i = 0; i < matrix.GetLength(0); i++)
- 
for (int j = 0; j < matrix.GetLength(1); j++)
- 
if (predicate(matrix[i, j]))
- 
return ref matrix[i, j];
- 
throw new InvalidOperationException("Not found");
- 
}
- 
ref var item = ref MatrixSearch.Find(matrix, (val) => val == 42);
- 
Console.WriteLine(item);
- 
item = 24;
- 
Console.WriteLine(matrix[4, 2]);
弃元
通常,在进行元组解构或使用
out参数调用方法时,必须定义一个其值无关紧要且你不打算使用的变量。为处理此情况,C#增添了对弃元的支持 。弃元是一个名为_的只写变量,可向单个变量赋予要放弃的所有值。弃元类似于未赋值的变量;不可在代码中使用弃元(赋值语句除外)。
- 
using System;
- 
using System.Collections.Generic;
- 
- 
public class Example
- 
{
- 
public static void Main()
- 
{
- 
var (_, _, _, pop1, _, pop2) = QueryCityDataForYears("New York City", 1960, 2010);
- 
- 
Console.WriteLine($"Population change, 1960 to 2010: {pop2 - pop1:N0}");
- 
}
- 
- 
private static (string, double, int, int, int, int) QueryCityDataForYears(string name, int year1, int year2)
- 
{
- 
int population1 = 0, population2 = 0;
- 
double area = 0;
- 
- 
if (name == "New York City")
- 
{
- 
area = 468.48;
- 
if (year1 == 1960)
- 
{
- 
population1 = 7781984;
- 
}
- 
if (year2 == 2010)
- 
{
- 
population2 = 8175133;
- 
}
- 
return (name, area, year1, population1, year2, population2);
- 
}
- 
- 
return ("", 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
- 
}
- 
}
- 
// The example displays the following output:
- 
// Population change, 1960 to 2010: 393,149
二进制文本和数字分隔符
这个用于使数字和二进制更可读。
- 
// 二进制文本:
- 
public const int Sixteen = 0b0001_0000;
- 
public const int ThirtyTwo = 0b0010_0000;
- 
public const int SixtyFour = 0b0100_0000;
- 
public const int OneHundredTwentyEight = 0b1000_0000;
- 
- 
// 数字分隔符:
- 
public const long BillionsAndBillions = 100_000_000_000;
- 
public const double AvogadroConstant = 6.022_140_857_747_474e23;
- 
public const decimal GoldenRatio = 1.618_033_988_749_894_848_204_586_834_365_638_117_720_309_179M;
throw表达式
throw之前必须是一个语句,因此有时不得不写更多的代码来完成所需功能。但7.0提供了throw表达式来使代码更简洁,阅读更轻松。
- 
void Main()
- 
{
- 
// You can now throw expressions in expressions clauses.
- 
// This is useful in conditional expressions:
- 
- 
string result = new Random().Next(2) == 0 ? "Good" : throw new Exception ("Bad");
- 
result.Dump();
- 
- 
Foo().Dump();
- 
}
- 
- 
public string Foo() => throw new NotImplementedException();
C# 8.0 版 - 2019
Readonly 成员
- 
public readonly override string ToString() =>
- 
$"({X}, {Y}) is {Distance} from the origin";
默认接口方法
接口中也能定义方法了,这个新功能经常受到争论。但想想,有时是先定义接口,而实现接口需要实现很多相关、但又繁琐的功能,如
ASP.NETCore中的ILogger,谁用谁知道,特别多需要实现的方法,但又都差不多。因此所以这个功能其实很有必要。
- 
void Main()
- 
{
- 
ILogger foo = new Logger();
- 
foo.Log (new Exception ("test"));
- 
}
- 
- 
class Logger : ILogger
- 
{
- 
public void Log (string message) => Console.WriteLine (message);
- 
}
- 
- 
interface ILogger
- 
{
- 
void Log (string message);
- 
- 
// Adding a new member to an interface need not break implementors:
- 
public void Log (Exception ex) => Log (ExceptionHeader + ex.Message);
- 
- 
// The static modifier (and other modifiers) are now allowed:
- 
static string ExceptionHeader = "Exception: ";
- 
}
模式匹配增强
这个是为简化代码、函数式编程而生的,我个人非常喜欢。
属性模式
- 
public static decimal ComputeSalesTax(Address location, decimal salePrice) =>
- 
location switch
- 
{
- 
{ State: "WA" } => salePrice * 0.06M,
- 
{ State: "MN" } => salePrice * 0.75M,
- 
{ State: "MI" } => salePrice * 0.05M,
- 
// other cases removed for brevity...
- 
_ => 0M
- 
};
Tuple模式
- 
public static string RockPaperScissors(string first, string second)
- 
=> (first, second) switch
- 
{
- 
("rock", "paper") => "rock is covered by paper. Paper wins.",
- 
("rock", "scissors") => "rock breaks scissors. Rock wins.",
- 
("paper", "rock") => "paper covers rock. Paper wins.",
- 
("paper", "scissors") => "paper is cut by scissors. Scissors wins.",
- 
("scissors", "rock") => "scissors is broken by rock. Rock wins.",
- 
("scissors", "paper") => "scissors cuts paper. Scissors wins.",
- 
(_, _) => "tie"
- 
};
位置模式
- 
static Quadrant GetQuadrant(Point point) => point switch
- 
{
- 
(0, 0) => Quadrant.Origin,
- 
var (x, y) when x > 0 && y > 0 => Quadrant.One,
- 
var (x, y) when x < 0 && y > 0 => Quadrant.Two,
- 
var (x, y) when x < 0 && y < 0 => Quadrant.Three,
- 
var (x, y) when x > 0 && y < 0 => Quadrant.Four,
- 
var (_, _) => Quadrant.OnBorder,
- 
_ => Quadrant.Unknown
- 
};
switch表达式
这个功能能使代码从大量的 if/else或 switch/case变成“一行代码”,符合函数式编程的思想,非常好用!
- 
public static RGBColor FromRainbow(Rainbow colorBand) =>
- 
colorBand switch
- 
{
- 
Rainbow.Red => new RGBColor(0xFF, 0x00, 0x00),
- 
Rainbow.Orange => new RGBColor(0xFF, 0x7F, 0x00),
- 
Rainbow.Yellow => new RGBColor(0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00),
- 
Rainbow.Green => new RGBColor(0x00, 0xFF, 0x00),
- 
Rainbow.Blue => new RGBColor(0x00, 0x00, 0xFF),
- 
Rainbow.Indigo => new RGBColor(0x4B, 0x00, 0x82),
- 
Rainbow.Violet => new RGBColor(0x94, 0x00, 0xD3),
- 
_ => throw new ArgumentException(message: "invalid enum value", paramName: nameof(colorBand)),
- 
};
using声明
- 
static int WriteLinesToFile(IEnumerable<string> lines)
- 
{
- 
using var file = new System.IO.StreamWriter("WriteLines2.txt");
- 
// Notice how we declare skippedLines after the using statement.
- 
int skippedLines = 0;
- 
foreach (string line in lines)
- 
{
- 
if (!line.Contains("Second"))
- 
{
- 
file.WriteLine(line);
- 
}
- 
else
- 
{
- 
skippedLines++;
- 
}
- 
}
- 
// Notice how skippedLines is in scope here.
- 
return skippedLines;
- 
// file is disposed here
- 
}
静态本地函数
相比非静态本地函数,静态本地函数没有闭包,因此生成的代码更少,性能也更容易控制。
- 
int M()
- 
{
- 
int y = 5;
- 
int x = 7;
- 
return Add(x, y);
- 
- 
static int Add(int left, int right) => left + right;
- 
}
异步流
这个功能和 IEnumerable<T>、 Task<T>对应,一个经典的表格如下:
| 单值 | 多值 | |
|---|---|---|
| 同步 | T | IEnumerable | 
| 异步 | Task | ? | 
其中,这个问号 ?终于有了答案,它就叫异步流—— IAsyncEnumerable<T>:
- 
public static async System.Collections.Generic.IAsyncEnumerable<int> GenerateSequence()
- 
{
- 
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++)
- 
{
- 
await Task.Delay(100);
- 
yield return i;
- 
}
- 
}
不像 IEnumerable<T>, IAsyncEnumerable<T>系统还没有内置扩展方法,因此可能没有 IEnumerable<T>方便,但是可以通过安装 NuGet包 f来实现和 IEnumerable<T>一样(或者更爽)的效果。
索引和范围
和
Python中的切片器一样,只是-用^代替了。
- 
var words = new string[]
- 
{
- 
// index from start index from end
- 
"The", // 0 ^9
- 
"quick", // 1 ^8
- 
"brown", // 2 ^7
- 
"fox", // 3 ^6
- 
"jumped", // 4 ^5
- 
"over", // 5 ^4
- 
"the", // 6 ^3
- 
"lazy", // 7 ^2
- 
"dog" // 8 ^1
- 
}; // 9 (or words.Length) ^0
- 
- 
var quickBrownFox = words[1..4];
- 
var lazyDog = words[^2..^0];
- 
var allWords = words[..]; // contains "The" through "dog".
- 
var firstPhrase = words[..4]; // contains "The" through "fox"
- 
var lastPhrase = words[6..]; // contains "the", "lazy" and "dog"
Null合并赋值
- 
List<int> numbers = null;
- 
int? i = null;
- 
- 
numbers ??= new List<int>();
- 
numbers.Add(i ??= 17);
- 
numbers.Add(i ??= 20);
- 
- 
Console.WriteLine(string.Join(" ", numbers)); // output: 17 17
- 
Console.WriteLine(i); // output: 17
非托管构造类型
与任何非托管类型一样,可以创建指向此类型的变量的指针,或针对此类型的实例在堆栈上分配内存块
- 
Span<Coords<int>> coordinates = stackalloc[]
- 
{
- 
new Coords<int> { X = 0, Y = 0 },
- 
new Coords<int> { X = 0, Y = 3 },
- 
new Coords<int> { X = 4, Y = 0 }
- 
};
嵌套表达式中的 stackalloc
- 
Span<int> numbers = stackalloc[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 };
- 
var ind = numbers.IndexOfAny(stackalloc[] { 2, 4, 6 ,8 });
- 
Console.WriteLine(ind); // output: 1
附录/总结
这么多功能,你印象最深刻的是哪个呢?
 
                    
                     
                    
                 
                    
                
 
                
            
         
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浙公网安备 33010602011771号