cookie
概述
1.获取cookie
request.COOKIES['key'] request.COOKIES.get('key') request.get_signed_cookie(key, default=RAISE_ERROR, salt='', max_age=None) 参数： default: 默认值 salt: 加密盐 max_age: 后台控制过期时间
2.设置cookie
rep = HttpResponse(...) 或 rep ＝ render(request, ...) #return的对象 rep.set_cookie(key,value,...) rep.set_signed_cookie(key,value,salt='加密盐',...) 参数： key, 键 value='', 值 max_age=None, 超时时间 单位秒 expires=None, 超时时间(IE requires expires, so set it if hasn't been already.) 单位日期 path='/', Cookie生效的路径，/ 表示根路径，特殊的：跟路径的cookie可以被任何url的页面访问 指定生效路径 domain=None, Cookie生效的域名 secure=False, https传输改为True httponly=False 只能http协议传输，无法被JavaScript获取（不是绝对，底层抓包可以获取到也可以被覆盖
# max_age 10秒失效 result.set_cookie('username',u,max_age=10) # expires 设置失效日期 import datetime current_date = datetime.datetime.utcnow() current_date = current_date + datetime.timedelta(seconds=5) result.set_cookie('username',u,expires=current_date) # 加密 obj = HttpResponse('s') obj.set_signed_cookie('username',"kangbazi",salt="asdfasdf") request.get_signed_cookie('username',salt="asdfasdf")
用户登录
利用cookie做用户登录，只有登录成功才能进入后台界面
login.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title></title> </head> <body> <form action="/login/" method="POST"> <input type="text" name="username" placeholder="用户名" /> <input type="password" name="pwd" placeholder="密码" /> <input type="submit" /> </form> </body> </html>
index.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <h1>欢迎登录：{{ current_user }}</h1> </body> </html>
views.py
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect from django.core.handlers.wsgi import WSGIRequest from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe user_info = { 'derek':{'pwd':'123123'}, 'jack':{'pwd':'456456'} } def login(request): if request.method == 'GET': return render(request,'login.html') if request.method == 'POST': u = request.POST.get('username') p = request.POST.get('pwd') dic = user_info.get(u) #获取key的value if not dic: return render(request,'login.html') if dic['pwd'] == p: result = redirect('/index/') result.set_cookie('username',u) #设置cookie值 #result.set_cookie('username', u, max_age=10) # 设置cookie失效时间10s return result else: return render(request,'login.html') def index(request): v = request.COOKIES.get('username') if not v: return redirect('/login/') return render(request,'index.html',{'current_user':v})
另外一种设置cookie失效时间的方法
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect from django.core.handlers.wsgi import WSGIRequest from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe user_info = { 'derek':{'pwd':'123123'}, 'jack':{'pwd':'456456'} } def login(request): if request.method == 'GET': return render(request,'login.html') if request.method == 'POST': u = request.POST.get('username') p = request.POST.get('pwd') dic = user_info.get(u) #获取key的value if not dic: return render(request,'login.html') if dic['pwd'] == p: result = redirect('/index/') result.set_cookie('username',u) #设置cookie值 #result.set_cookie('username', u, max_age=10) # 设置cookie失效时间10s # 第二种方法 设置失效时间 import datetime current_date = datetime.datetime.utcnow() #获取当前时间 current_date = current_date + datetime.timedelta(seconds=5) result.set_cookie('username',u,expires = current_date) return result else: return render(request,'login.html') def index(request): v = request.COOKIES.get('username') if not v: return redirect('/login/') return render(request,'index.html',{'current_user':v})
登录认证（装饰器）
1.FBV
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect from django.core.handlers.wsgi import WSGIRequest from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe from django.shortcuts import reverse user_info = { 'derek':{'pwd':'123123'}, 'jack':{'pwd':'456456'} } def login(request): if request.method == 'GET': return render(request,'login.html') if request.method == 'POST': u = request.POST.get('username') p = request.POST.get('pwd') dic = user_info.get(u) if not dic: return render(request,'login.html') if dic['pwd'] == p: result = redirect('/index/') result.set_cookie('username',u) return result else: return render(request,'login.html') def auth(func): def inner(request,*args,**kwargs): v = request.COOKIES.get('username') if not v: return redirect('/login/') return func(request,*args,**kwargs) return inner @auth def index(request): v = request.COOKIES.get('username') return render(request,'index.html',{'current_user':v})
2.CBV
from django import views from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator @method_decorator(auth, name='dispatch') # 第一种方式 class Order(views.View): # @method_decorator(auth) #第二种方式 # def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs): # return super(Order,self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs) # @method_decorator(auth) #单独添加 def get(self, reqeust): v = reqeust.COOKIES.get('username111') return render(reqeust, 'index.html', {'current_user': v}) v = reqeust.COOKIES.get('username111') return render(reqeust, 'index.html', {'current_user': v})
