Binder学习笔记（三）—— binder客户端是如何组织checkService数据的

起点从TestClient.cpp的main函数发起：

int main() {
    sp < IServiceManager > sm = defaultServiceManager();
    sp < IBinder > binder = sm->getService(String16("service.testservice"));
    sp<ITestService> cs = interface_cast < ITestService > (binder);
    cs->test();
    return 0;
}

前文已经分析过sm是new BpServiceManager(new BpBinder(0))，于是sm->getService(…)的行为应该找BpServiceManager::getService(…)，frameworks/native/libs/binder/IserviceManager.cpp:134

    virtual sp<IBinder> getService(const String16& name) const
    {
        unsigned n;
        for (n = 0; n < 5; n++){
            sp<IBinder> svc = checkService(name);  // 这里是关键代码  
            if (svc != NULL) return svc;
            ALOGI("Waiting for service %s...\n", String8(name).string());
            sleep(1);
        }
        return NULL;
}
    virtual sp<IBinder> checkService( const String16& name) const
    {
        Parcel data, reply;
        data.writeInterfaceToken(IServiceManager::getInterfaceDescriptor());
        data.writeString16(name);
        remote()->transact(CHECK_SERVICE_TRANSACTION, data, &reply);
        return reply.readStrongBinder();
    }

BpServiceManager::remote()返回的就是成员变量mRemote，前文也分析过了，也即是new BpBinder(0)。因此remote()->transact(…)调用的是BpBinder::transact(…)，

frameworks/native/libs/binder/BpBinder.cpp:159

status_t BpBinder::transact(
    uint32_t code, const Parcel& data, Parcel* reply, uint32_t flags)
{   // code=CHECK_SERVICE_TRANSACTION, flags=0
    // Once a binder has died, it will never come back to life.
    if (mAlive) {
        status_t status = IPCThreadState::self()->transact(
            mHandle, code, data, reply, flags);
        if (status == DEAD_OBJECT) mAlive = 0;
        return status;
    }

    return DEAD_OBJECT;
}

IPCThreadState::self()从命名上来看应该又是个工厂类（前文遇到的ProcessState就是这么命名的），它是个线程单体，每线程一份。具体实现暂且不表，因为在当前上下文中其transact(…)跟线程单体没啥关系，我们直接进入IPCThreadState::transact(…)函数。

frameworks/native/libs/binder/IPCThreadState.cpp:548

status_t IPCThreadState::transact(int32_t handle,
                                  uint32_t code, const Parcel& data,
                                  Parcel* reply, uint32_t flags)
{   // handle=0, code=CHECK_SERVICE_TRANSACTION, flags=0
    status_t err = data.errorCheck();

    flags |= TF_ACCEPT_FDS;

    IF_LOG_TRANSACTIONS() {
        TextOutput::Bundle _b(alog);
        alog << "BC_TRANSACTION thr " << (void*)pthread_self() << " / hand "
            << handle << " / code " << TypeCode(code) << ": "
            << indent << data << dedent << endl;
    }
    
    if (err == NO_ERROR) {
        LOG_ONEWAY(">>>> SEND from pid %d uid %d %s", getpid(), getuid(),
            (flags & TF_ONE_WAY) == 0 ? "READ REPLY" : "ONE WAY");
        err = writeTransactionData(BC_TRANSACTION, flags, handle, code, data, NULL);
    }
    
    if (err != NO_ERROR) {
        if (reply) reply->setError(err);
        return (mLastError = err);
    }
    
    if ((flags & TF_ONE_WAY) == 0) {
        #if 0
        if (code == 4) { // relayout
            ALOGI(">>>>>> CALLING transaction 4");
        } else {
            ALOGI(">>>>>> CALLING transaction %d", code);
        }
        #endif
        if (reply) {  // 在checkService(…)传入了非空的reply参数
            err = waitForResponse(reply);
        } else {
            Parcel fakeReply;
            err = waitForResponse(&fakeReply);
        }
        #if 0
        if (code == 4) { // relayout
            ALOGI("<<<<<< RETURNING transaction 4");
        } else {
            ALOGI("<<<<<< RETURNING transaction %d", code);
        }
        #endif
        
        IF_LOG_TRANSACTIONS() {
            TextOutput::Bundle _b(alog);
            alog << "BR_REPLY thr " << (void*)pthread_self() << " / hand "
                << handle << ": ";
            if (reply) alog << indent << *reply << dedent << endl;
            else alog << "(none requested)" << endl;
        }
    } else {
        err = waitForResponse(NULL, NULL);
    }
    
    return err;
}

这么长一大段，关键代码只有两行，从命名上来看就是一次请求和接收应答的过程。我们先研究请求数据。

frameworks/native/libs/binder/IPCThreadState.cpp:904

status_t IPCThreadState::writeTransactionData(int32_t cmd, uint32_t binderFlags,
    int32_t handle, uint32_t code, const Parcel& data, status_t* statusBuffer)
{  // cmd=BC_TRANSACTION, binderFlags=TF_ACCEPT_FDS, handle=0, 
   // code=CHECK_SERVICE_TRANSACTION, 
    binder_transaction_data tr;

    tr.target.ptr = 0; /* Don't pass uninitialized stack data to a remote process */
    tr.target.handle = handle;
    tr.code = code;
    tr.flags = binderFlags;
    tr.cookie = 0;
    tr.sender_pid = 0;
    tr.sender_euid = 0;
const status_t err = data.errorCheck();
    if (err == NO_ERROR) {
        tr.data_size = data.ipcDataSize();
        tr.data.ptr.buffer = data.ipcData();
        tr.offsets_size = data.ipcObjectsCount()*sizeof(binder_size_t);
        tr.data.ptr.offsets = data.ipcObjects();
    } else if (statusBuffer) {
        tr.flags |= TF_STATUS_CODE;
        *statusBuffer = err;
        tr.data_size = sizeof(status_t);
        tr.data.ptr.buffer = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(statusBuffer);
        tr.offsets_size = 0;
        tr.data.ptr.offsets = 0;
    } else {
        return (mLastError = err);
    }
    
    mOut.writeInt32(cmd);
    mOut.write(&tr, sizeof(tr));
return NO_ERROR;
}

该函数就是把一堆参数组装进binder_transaction_data结构体，并写进mOut。其中data是在checkService(…)中组装的Parcel数据：

data.ipcObjectsCount()*sizeof(binder_size_t)以及data.ipcObjects()分别是什么呢？从命名上来看，他应该是指保存在data中的抽象数据类型的数据，显然在组织checkService时的Parcel数据中是没有抽象数据类型的，可以先不深究它。