WPF MVVM 之理解（数据绑定）
（申明：最近在做一个练习，写点东西，谨供参考。）
1、界面展示：其中的布局和样式就不说了，重点在MVVM架构和数据绑定（Model层使用EF(Entity Framework)实体框架，不做介绍）。
绑定后：
2、架构介绍：
在Views层中新建CusGroupEditWindow窗体，ViewModels中建立CusGroupEditViewModel类，在窗体的xaml或者cs中引用ViewModels对应类：
xaml中：
<Window.DataContext>
<local:CusGroupEditViewModel/> <!--（添加引用local：为CusGroupEditViewModel的路径）-->
</Window.DataContext>
cs：DataContext = CusGroupEditViewModel。（添加引用路径）
/***********************************************/
*CsGroup是在ViewModel中定义的一个CusGroup对象， *
*CusGroup对象是在SQL数据库中的表，在EF中的对象。 *
/***********************************************/
3、TextBox绑定：
<TextBox MaxWidth="550" Width="100" Text="{Binding CsGroup.Alarm,Mode=TwoWay}" />
4、Button绑定：
<Button Width="100" Height="35" Margin="10" Command="{Binding BtnChangedCommand}" CommandParameter="btnCusGroupSave" Background="#fc8530" >
<TextBlock Text="保存" FontWeight="Bold" FontSize="16"></TextBlock>
</Button>
<!-- Command="{Binding BtnChangedCommand}"中是在ViewModel中的委托，继承ICommoand -->
<!--CommandParameter="btnCusGroupSave" 参数-->
5、CheckBox绑定：
<CheckBox Name="cbCash" Margin="0,0,5,0" IsChecked="{Binding CsGroup.IsCash}"/>
<!-- IsCash 是在SQL表中CusGroup中字段，bit类型--> 6、ComboBox绑定：
6、ComboBox绑定：
<ComboBox MaxWidth="150" Width="100" SelectedValue="{Binding StrCMBselectValue, Mode=TwoWay, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" DisplayMemberPath="Text"
SelectedValuePath="Value" ItemsSource="{Binding LstCSGDownLevelID, Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" />
<!--SelectedValue：选中CommoBox的值，Mode双向模式，属性改变时触发；DisplayMemberPath：显示时绑定；SelectedValuePath：表示选择下拉框某一项对应的值；ItemsSource：绑定的数据源 -->
<!-- 其中Value和Text也可理解为数据源，在ViewModel中有赋值-->
7、DataGrid绑定：
<DataGrid ColumnWidth="*" SelectedItem="{Binding CurrentSelectItem}" ItemsSource="{Binding CsGroupsAll}" AutoGenerateColumns="False" IsReadOnly="True" >
<DataGrid.Columns>
<DataGridTextColumn Header="分组编号" Binding="{Binding Code}" />
<DataGridTextColumn Header="分组名称" Binding="{Binding Name}" />
</DataGrid.Columns>
</DataGrid>
/***************************************************************/
//DataGrid当前选择对象 private CusGroup currentSelectItem; public CusGroup CurrentSelectItem { get { return currentSelectItem; } set { currentSelectItem = value; GetCutCmbSelect(value); } }
<!--代码没有自动缩进，有点不知所措-->
/***************************************************************/
ViewModel 中的代码：
using HeYin.ERP.DataModels; using HeYin.ERP.IServices; using HeYin.ERP.Models; using HeYin.ERP.Services; using Microsoft.Practices.Prism.Commands; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Collections.ObjectModel; using System.Windows; using System.Text.RegularExpressions; using System.Windows.Controls; namespace HeYin.ERP.Client.ViewModels.Customer { class CusGroupEditViewModel : BaseViewModel { private bool bIsAdd = false; ICusGroupService CGS; //调用IService接口 #region Properties 属性 private Guid gCsGroupID = Guid.Empty; //All CusGroup private List<CusGroup> csGroupsAll; public List<CusGroup> CsGroupsAll { get { return csGroupsAll; } set { csGroupsAll = value; //设定值 OnPropertyChanged("CsGroupsAll"); //在属性更改后，通知 } } private List<CusGroup> csGroupsMinPrestore; public List<CusGroup> CsGroupsAllMinPrestore { get { return csGroupsMinPrestore; } set { csGroupsMinPrestore = value; //设定值 OnPropertyChanged("CsGroupsAllMinPrestore"); //在属性更改后，通知 } } //CusGroup对象 private CusGroup csGroup; public CusGroup CsGroup { get { return csGroup; } set { csGroup = value; OnPropertyChanged("CsGroup"); } } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> private string strCMBselectValue; public string StrCMBselectValue { get { return strCMBselectValue; } set { if (value != null) { strCMBselectValue = value; OnPropertyChanged("StrCMBselectValue"); } } } /// <summary> /// ComboBoxDataModel：作为一个ComboBox的对象，可以理解为数据源 /// </summary> private ObservableCollection<ComboBoxDataModel> lstCSGDownLevelID; public ObservableCollection<ComboBoxDataModel> LstCSGDownLevelID { get { return lstCSGDownLevelID; } set { lstCSGDownLevelID = value; OnPropertyChanged("LstCSGDownLevelID"); } } //DataGrid当前选择对象 private CusGroup currentSelectItem; public CusGroup CurrentSelectItem { get { return currentSelectItem; } set { currentSelectItem = value; GetCutCmbSelect(value); } } private int errorCount; public int ErrorCount { get => errorCount; set => errorCount = value; } #endregion #region Commands public DelegateCommand<string> BtnChangedCommand { get; set; } public DelegateCommand<CusGroup> TxtChangedCommand { get; set; } #endregion public CusGroupEditViewModel() { CGS = new CusGroupService(); CsGroupsAll = new List<CusGroup>(); csGroup = new CusGroup(); LstCSGDownLevelID = new ObservableCollection<ComboBoxDataModel>(); BtnChangedCommand = new DelegateCommand<string>(MenuClick); TxtChangedCommand = new DelegateCommand<CusGroup>(ChangeCMBValue); GetAllCusGroups(); } #region ButtonClick private void MenuClick(string strMessage) { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(strMessage)) return; if (CsGroup == null) return; switch (strMessage) { case "btnCusGroupSave": Save(); break; case "btnCusGroupAdd": Add(); break; case "btnCusGroupDelete": Delete(); break; } } #endregion ButtonClick #region motheds /// <summary> /// 获取全部Group /// </summary> private void GetAllCusGroups() { //获取满足条件的客户分组信息 CsGroupsAll.Clear(); CsGroupsAll = CGS.Get(s => s.IsDelete == 0); GetAllCMBItems();//给降档分组下拉框赋值 if ((gCsGroupID == null || gCsGroupID == Guid.Empty) && CsGroupsAll.Count > 0) CsGroup = CsGroupsAll[0]; //给基础信息等赋值 StrCMBselectValue = CsGroup.DownLevelID.ToString();//设置降档分组默认值 } /// <summary> /// 添加 /// </summary> /// <param name="cg"></param> private void AddCusGroup(CusGroup cg) { cg.ID = Guid.NewGuid(); //新建分组GUID cg.IsDelete = 0; //默认为0：不删除 cg.CreateBy = App.GetCurrentUserId();//创建人员关联员工 GUID cg.CreateTime = DateTime.Now; //初始化创建时间，应该使用服务器当前时间 bool c = CGS.Add(cg); if (c) { MessageBox.Show(string.Format("创建新组别【{0}】成功！", CsGroup.Name), "提示", MessageBoxButton.OK, MessageBoxImage.Information); GetAllCusGroups(); bIsAdd = false; } } /// <summary> /// 修改 /// </summary> /// <param name="cg"></param> private void UpdateCusGroup(CusGroup cg) { bIsAdd = false; cg.UpdateTime = DateTime.Now; cg.UpdateBy = App.GetCurrentUserId();//更新人员关联员工 GUID string[] str = { "UpdateTime", "UpdateBy" }; bool b = CGS.Edit(cg, str); if (b) { MessageBox.Show("更改组别【成功】！", "提示", MessageBoxButton.OK, MessageBoxImage.Information); GetAllCusGroups(); } } /// <summary> ///删除方法（实为更新） /// </summary> /// <param name="cg"></param> private void DeleteCusGroup(CusGroup cg) { cg.IsDelete = 1; //更改数据库删除标志 cg.UpdateTime = DateTime.Now; //更新删除时间 cg.UpdateBy = App.GetCurrentUserId();//更新人员关联员工 GUID string[] str = { "UpdateTime", "IsDelete", "UpdateBy" }; bool b = CGS.Edit(cg, str); if (b) { //MessageBox.Show(string.Format("已删除组别【{0}】！", CsGroup.Name), "提示", MessageBoxButton.OK, MessageBoxImage.Information); GetAllCusGroups(); CsGroup = new CusGroup(); //清空对象 bIsAdd = true; } } /// <summary> /// 插入和更新方法调用 /// </summary> private void Save() { if (ErrorCount > 0) {//判断必填数据是否为空：为空则提示 MessageBox.Show("请核对所填数据", "提示", MessageBoxButton.YesNo, MessageBoxImage.Information); return; } if (bIsAdd) AddCusGroup(CsGroup); else UpdateCusGroup(CsGroup); } /// <summary> /// 获取降档分组下拉列表的值，并指定默认值 /// </summary> /// <param name="value"></param> private void GetCutCmbSelect(CusGroup value) { bIsAdd = false;//点击新增后，再选择列表的逻辑 if (value != null) { CsGroup = CGS.GetById(value.ID);//查找出当前选中的对象 gCsGroupID = CsGroup.ID; //保存当前选择对象的GUID if (CsGroup != null) { if (CsGroup.DownLevelID.HasValue) {//如果降档ID有值，则默认显示，如果没有，则显示为空 GetExceptCMBSelect();//刷新下拉列表，先刷新，再赋值给默认值 StrCMBselectValue = CsGroup.DownLevelID.ToString(); } else { LstCSGDownLevelID.Clear(); StrCMBselectValue = string.Empty; } } } } private void Add() { bIsAdd = true; //点击新建分组时，重新获取所有降档ID对应的中文名 GetAllCMBItems(); CsGroup = new CusGroup(); } private void Delete() { if (this.CsGroup.ID == Guid.Empty || CsGroup.ID == null) MessageBox.Show("请选择要删除组别", "提示", MessageBoxButton.OK, MessageBoxImage.Information); else { MessageBoxResult msgResult = MessageBox.Show(string.Format("确定要删除分组【{0}】吗？", CsGroup.Name), "提示", MessageBoxButton.YesNo, MessageBoxImage.Information); if (msgResult == MessageBoxResult.Yes) DeleteCusGroup(CsGroup); } } /// <summary> /// 排除当前列的降档ID和对应的Name /// </summary> private void GetExceptCMBSelect() { LstCSGDownLevelID.Clear(); CsGroupsAllMinPrestore = CGS.Get(s => s.IsDelete == 0 && s.MinPrestore <= CsGroup.MinPrestore); foreach (var iDlID in CsGroupsAllMinPrestore) { if (iDlID.ID != CsGroup.ID) //去除当前选择ID对应的Name LstCSGDownLevelID.Add(new ComboBoxDataModel() { Value = iDlID.ID.ToString(), Text = iDlID.Name }); } } /// <summary> /// 获取列表中所有降档ID和对应的Name /// </summary> private void GetAllCMBItems() { LstCSGDownLevelID.Clear(); foreach (var iDlID in CsGroupsAll) { LstCSGDownLevelID.Add(new ComboBoxDataModel() { Value = iDlID.ID.ToString(), Text = iDlID.Name }); } } private void ChangeCMBValue(CusGroup cgMinPrestore) { LstCSGDownLevelID.Clear(); List<CusGroup> lstTextChange = new List<CusGroup>(); lstTextChange = CGS.Get(s => s.MinPrestore < cgMinPrestore.MinPrestore); foreach (var iDlID in lstTextChange) { LstCSGDownLevelID.Add(new ComboBoxDataModel() { Value = iDlID.ID.ToString(), Text = iDlID.Name }); } } public void SizeChangedCommand(object obj, SizeChangedEventArgs e) { MessageBox.Show("日了狗"); } #endregion } }
View中代码：
<client:BaseWindow x:Class="HeYin.ERP.Client.Views.Customer.CusGroupEditWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:Interaction="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/2010/interactions"
xmlns:Interactivity="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/2010/interactivity"
xmlns:CommonValidation="clr-namespace:HeYin.ERP.Common.Validation;assembly=HeYin.ERP.Common"
xmlns:client="clr-namespace:HeYin.ERP.Client"
mc:Ignorable="d"
x:Name="CusGroupWindow"
Title="客户分组" Height="500" Width="800"
WindowStartupLocation="CenterOwner"
Loaded="Window_Loaded"
MaxboxEnable="True"
MinboxEnable="False" >
<Interactivity:Interaction.Triggers>
<Interactivity:EventTrigger EventName="SizeChanged">
<Interaction:CallMethodAction TargetObject="{Binding}" MethodName="SizeChangedCommand"/>
</Interactivity:EventTrigger>
</Interactivity:Interaction.Triggers>
<Grid>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="*" />
<RowDefinition Height="50" />
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Grid Grid.Row="0">
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="1*"/>
<ColumnDefinition Width="2*"/>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<!-- Left -->
<Grid Margin="5,0,5,5">
<GroupBox Name="gbGroupData">
<GroupBox.HeaderTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
<WrapPanel Margin="{StaticResource WrapPanelMarginForInfo}">
<TextBlock Text="客户分组" Height="20" />
<Button Width="20" Height="20" Margin="50,0,0,0"
Command="{Binding DataContext.BtnChangedCommand,RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=FindAncestor,AncestorType=GroupBox}}"
CommandParameter="btnCusGroupAdd"
Visibility="{Binding SaveVisibility,Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}">
<Image Source="..\..\Resources\Images\16\Add.png" />
</Button>
<Button Width="20" Height="20" Margin="10,0,0,0"
Command="{Binding DataContext.BtnChangedCommand,RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=FindAncestor,AncestorType=GroupBox}}"
CommandParameter="btnCusGroupDelete"
Visibility="{Binding SaveVisibility,Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}">
<Image Source="..\..\Resources\Images\16\Clear.png" />
</Button>
</WrapPanel>
</DataTemplate>
</GroupBox.HeaderTemplate>
<Grid>
<Grid Grid.Row="1">
<DataGrid ColumnWidth="*" SelectedItem="{Binding CurrentSelectItem}" ItemsSource="{Binding CsGroupsAll}" AutoGenerateColumns="False" IsReadOnly="True" >
<DataGrid.Columns>
<DataGridTextColumn Header="分组编号" Binding="{Binding Code}" />
<DataGridTextColumn Header="分组名称" Binding="{Binding Name}" />
</DataGrid.Columns>
</DataGrid>
</Grid>
</Grid>
</GroupBox>
</Grid>
<!-- Right -->
<Grid Grid.Column="1" Margin="5">
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="*"/>
<RowDefinition Height="100"/>
<RowDefinition Height="130"/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<!-- 基础信息 -->
<Grid>
<GroupBox>
<GroupBox.Header>
<TextBlock Text="基础信息" Height="20"/>
</GroupBox.Header>
<StackPanel>
<Grid Margin="0,10">
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
<ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<TextBox Visibility="Collapsed" x:Name="tbErrorCount" Text="{Binding ErrorCount, Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}"></TextBox>
<WrapPanel Margin="{StaticResource WrapPanelMarginForInfo}">
<TextBlock Width="60" Margin="{StaticResource TextBlockMarginForMostLeft}"><Run Text="分组编号" /></TextBlock>
<TextBox Name="txtCusGropCrod" MaxWidth="150" Width="100"
ToolTip="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource self},Path=(Validation.Errors).CurrentItem.ErrorContent}" Validation.Error="Validation_Error">
<TextBox.Text>
<Binding Path="CsGroup.Code" Mode="TwoWay" UpdateSourceTrigger="PropertyChanged" ValidatesOnDataErrors="True" NotifyOnValidationError="True">
<Binding.ValidationRules>
<ExceptionValidationRule></ExceptionValidationRule>
<CommonValidation:RequiredValidationRule MaxLenth="15" ErrorMessage="分组编号" IsRequired="True" ValidatesOnTargetUpdated="True" />
</Binding.ValidationRules>
</Binding>
</TextBox.Text>
</TextBox>
</WrapPanel>
<WrapPanel Margin="{StaticResource WrapPanelMarginForInfo}" Grid.Column="1">
<TextBlock Text="分组名称" Width="60" Margin="{StaticResource TextBlockMarginForMostLeft}"/>
<TextBox Name="txtCusGropName" MaxWidth="150" Width="100"
ToolTip="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource self},Path=(Validation.Errors).CurrentItem.ErrorContent}" Validation.Error="Validation_Error">
<TextBox.Text>
<Binding Path="CsGroup.Name" Mode="TwoWay" UpdateSourceTrigger="PropertyChanged" ValidatesOnDataErrors="True" NotifyOnValidationError="True">
<Binding.ValidationRules>
<ExceptionValidationRule></ExceptionValidationRule>
<CommonValidation:RequiredValidationRule MaxLenth="15" ErrorMessage="分组名称" IsRequired="True" ValidatesOnTargetUpdated="True" />
</Binding.ValidationRules>
</Binding>
</TextBox.Text>
</TextBox>
</WrapPanel>
</Grid>
<Grid>
<WrapPanel Margin="{StaticResource WrapPanelMarginForInfo}">
<TextBlock Margin="{StaticResource TextBlockMarginForMostLeft}" Width="60" VerticalAlignment="Center"><Run Text="分组描述" /></TextBlock>
<TextBox x:Name="tbRemark" TextWrapping="Wrap" AcceptsReturn="True" VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Visible" Width="400" Height="90"
ToolTip="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource self},Path=(Validation.Errors).CurrentItem.ErrorContent}" Validation.Error="Validation_Error">
<TextBox.Text>
<Binding Path="CsGroup.Description" Mode="TwoWay" UpdateSourceTrigger="PropertyChanged" ValidatesOnDataErrors="True" NotifyOnValidationError="True">
<Binding.ValidationRules>
<ExceptionValidationRule></ExceptionValidationRule>
<CommonValidation:RequiredValidationRule MaxLenth="300" ErrorMessage="分组描述" ValidatesOnTargetUpdated="True" />
</Binding.ValidationRules>
</Binding>
</TextBox.Text>
</TextBox>
</WrapPanel>
</Grid>
</StackPanel>
</GroupBox>
</Grid>
<!-- 消费相关 -->
<Grid Grid.Row="1" Margin="0,10,0,10">
<Grid>
<GroupBox>
<GroupBox.Header>
<TextBlock Text="消费相关"/>
</GroupBox.Header>
<Grid Margin="0,10">
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
<ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<WrapPanel Margin="{StaticResource WrapPanelMarginForInfo}">
<TextBlock Text="消费积分" Width="60" Height="20" Margin="{StaticResource TextBlockMarginForMostLeft}" />
<TextBox Name="txtCusGropJF" MaxWidth="150" Width="100" Text="{Binding CsGroup.PointConversion, Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" />
</WrapPanel>
<WrapPanel Grid.Column="1" Margin="{StaticResource WrapPanelMarginForInfo}" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Center">
<CheckBox Name="cbCash" Margin="0,0,5,0" IsChecked="{Binding CsGroup.IsCash}"/>
<TextBlock Text="开通预存或储值时禁止现金交易" />
</WrapPanel>
</Grid>
</GroupBox>
</Grid>
</Grid>
<!-- 预存相关 -->
<Grid Grid.Row="2">
<GroupBox>
<GroupBox.Header>
<TextBlock Text="预存相关"/>
</GroupBox.Header>
<StackPanel>
<Grid Margin="0,10">
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
<ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<WrapPanel Margin="{StaticResource WrapPanelMarginForInfo}">
<TextBlock Width="80" Margin="{StaticResource TextBlockMarginForMostLeft}" ><Run Text="预存最低充值"/></TextBlock>
<TextBox MaxWidth="150" Width="100" Text="{Binding CsGroup.MinPrestore, Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" />
</WrapPanel>
<WrapPanel Grid.Column="1" Margin="{StaticResource WrapPanelMarginForInfo}">
<TextBlock Width="80" Text="金额低缺报警" Margin="{StaticResource TextBlockMarginForMostLeft}" />
<TextBox MaxWidth="550" Width="100" Text="{Binding CsGroup.Alarm,Mode=TwoWay}" />
</WrapPanel>
</Grid>
<Grid Margin="0,5">
<WrapPanel Margin="{StaticResource WrapPanelMarginForInfo}">
<TextBlock Width="190" Text="预存金额未达到最低要求时降档至" Margin="{StaticResource TextBlockMarginForMostLeft}"/>
<ComboBox MaxWidth="150" Width="100" SelectedValue="{Binding StrCMBselectValue, Mode=TwoWay, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" DisplayMemberPath="Text"
SelectedValuePath="Value" ItemsSource="{Binding LstCSGDownLevelID, Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" />
</WrapPanel>
</Grid>
</StackPanel>
</GroupBox>
</Grid>
</Grid>
</Grid>
<!-- bottom -->
<Grid Grid.Row="2">
<WrapPanel HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="{StaticResource WrapPanelMarginForInfo}">
<Button Margin="1" Command="{Binding BtnChangedCommand}" CommandParameter="btnCusGroupSave" Background="#fc8530" Style="{StaticResource SaveButtonStyle}"
Visibility="{Binding SaveVisibility,Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" >
<TextBlock Text="保存" FontWeight="Bold" FontSize="16"></TextBlock>
</Button>
</WrapPanel>
</Grid>
</Grid>
</client:BaseWindow>
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