Common UNIX directories
Directory | Purpose |
/etc | System configuration files are stored here. |
/bin | This directory holds binaries that must be accessible at all times and that ordinary users are likely to run. |
/sbin | This directory is similar to /bin, but these binaries are likely to be used only by the system administrator. |
/lib | Critical library files reside here. |
/boot | This directory holds system boot files. These files may include the kernel, the boot loader, and similar files. |
/usr | This directory tree holds extended system files, including its own /usr/bin, /usr/sbin, and /usr/lib directories. These files aren't necessary for basic system operation, but they may include program files for word processors, Web browsers, graphics programs, server programs, and other tools important to users. |
/usr/local | This directory tree holds locally compiled programs in a directory that can be protected from package-management tools or system reinstallation. |
/opt | Third-party commercial applications typically reside in this directory. |
/var | System files of a transient or variable nature reside here, such as log files, mail queues, and databases. |
/home or /users | Each user receives a separate subdirectory of this directory as a home directory. |
/root | This directory is the root user's home directory. |
/tmp | This directory is temporary "scratch space" for all users. |
/mnt or /media | These directories or their subdirectories hold removable media, such as DVD-ROMs or flash disks, although some systems place removable media elsewhere. |
/dev | UNIX device files reside in this directory, enabling programs to access hardware devices. |
It isn't comprehensive, but it covers the most important directories that exist on most UNIX systems. Some of these directories can be separated into their own volumes. However, some—in particular, /etc, /bin, /sbin, /lib, and /dev—should never be placed on separate volumes. UNIX relies on the contents of these directories to perform critical tasks, including mounting other volumes. For instance, the mount
command is likely to reside in /bin, and /dev holds the device files needed to mount a volume. (Some UNIX variants create a dynamic /dev file system, so it may be a separate file system but not a separate volume.)
posted on 2009-02-18 16:10 iceboundrock 阅读(350) 评论(0) 编辑 收藏 举报