ubuntu系统内核降级

 

 

#关闭自动更新
sudo apt-mark hold linux-image-5.11.0-27-generic
https://huaweicloud.csdn.net/63561d26d3efff3090b5acc0.html


内核降到指定版本：

安装，然后查看高级选项里的启动顺序，然后修改/etc/default/grub.cnf 里，指定选项。比如 0改成 "1> 4"

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_62368277/article/details/134273919

root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# dpkg --get-selections | grep linux-image
linux-image-5.15.0-100-generic                  deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-101-generic                  deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-102-generic                  deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-105-generic                  install
linux-image-5.15.0-106-generic                  deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-107-generic                  deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-112-generic                  install
linux-image-5.15.0-60-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-79-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-82-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-83-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-84-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-86-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-87-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-88-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-89-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-91-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-92-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-94-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-97-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-generic                             install
root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# dpkg --get-selections|grep linux
binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu                       install
console-setup-linux                             install
libselinux1:amd64                               install
linux-base                                      install
linux-firmware                                  install
linux-generic                                   install
linux-headers-5.15.0-105                        install
linux-headers-5.15.0-105-generic                install
linux-headers-5.15.0-112                        install
linux-headers-5.15.0-112-generic                install
linux-headers-5.15.0-60                         install
linux-headers-5.15.0-60-generic                 install
linux-headers-generic                           install
linux-image-5.15.0-100-generic                  deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-101-generic                  deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-102-generic                  deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-105-generic                  install
linux-image-5.15.0-106-generic                  deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-107-generic                  deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-112-generic                  install
linux-image-5.15.0-60-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-79-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-82-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-83-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-84-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-86-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-87-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-88-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-89-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-91-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-92-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-94-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-97-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-generic                             install
linux-libc-dev:amd64                            install
linux-modules-5.15.0-100-generic                deinstall
linux-modules-5.15.0-101-generic                deinstall
linux-modules-5.15.0-102-generic                deinstall
linux-modules-5.15.0-105-generic                install
linux-modules-5.15.0-106-generic                deinstall
linux-modules-5.15.0-107-generic                deinstall
linux-modules-5.15.0-112-generic                install
linux-modules-5.15.0-60-generic                 deinstall
linux-modules-5.15.0-79-generic                 deinstall
linux-modules-5.15.0-82-generic                 deinstall
linux-modules-5.15.0-83-generic                 deinstall
linux-modules-5.15.0-84-generic                 deinstall
linux-modules-5.15.0-86-generic                 deinstall
linux-modules-5.15.0-87-generic                 deinstall
linux-modules-5.15.0-88-generic                 deinstall
linux-modules-5.15.0-89-generic                 deinstall
linux-modules-5.15.0-91-generic                 deinstall
linux-modules-5.15.0-92-generic                 deinstall
linux-modules-5.15.0-94-generic                 deinstall
linux-modules-5.15.0-97-generic                 deinstall
linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-100-generic          deinstall
linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-101-generic          deinstall
linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-102-generic          deinstall
linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-105-generic          install
linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-106-generic          deinstall
linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-107-generic          deinstall
linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-112-generic          install
linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-60-generic           deinstall
linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-79-generic           deinstall
linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-82-generic           deinstall
linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-83-generic           deinstall
linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-84-generic           deinstall
linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-86-generic           deinstall
linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-87-generic           deinstall
linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-88-generic           deinstall
linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-89-generic           deinstall
linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-91-generic           deinstall
linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-92-generic           deinstall
linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-94-generic           deinstall
linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-97-generic           deinstall
util-linux                                      install
root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# 



root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# dpkg -l|grep image
ii  libopenjp2-7:amd64                     2.4.0-6                                  amd64        JPEG 2000 image compression/decompression library
ii  libswscale5:amd64                      7:4.4.2-0ubuntu0.22.04.1                 amd64        FFmpeg library for image scaling and various conversions - runtime files
ii  libwebp7:amd64                         1.2.2-2ubuntu0.22.04.2                   amd64        Lossy compression of digital photographic images
ii  libwebpdemux2:amd64                    1.2.2-2ubuntu0.22.04.2                   amd64        Lossy compression of digital photographic images.
ii  libwebpmux3:amd64                      1.2.2-2ubuntu0.22.04.2                   amd64        Lossy compression of digital photographic images
ii  linux-base                             4.5ubuntu9                               all          Linux image base package
rc  linux-image-5.15.0-100-generic         5.15.0-100.110                           amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.15.0-101-generic         5.15.0-101.111                           amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.15.0-102-generic         5.15.0-102.112                           amd64        Signed kernel image generic
ii  linux-image-5.15.0-105-generic         5.15.0-105.115                           amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.15.0-106-generic         5.15.0-106.116                           amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.15.0-107-generic         5.15.0-107.117                           amd64        Signed kernel image generic
ii  linux-image-5.15.0-112-generic         5.15.0-112.122                           amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.15.0-60-generic          5.15.0-60.66                             amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.15.0-79-generic          5.15.0-79.86                             amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.15.0-82-generic          5.15.0-82.91                             amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.15.0-83-generic          5.15.0-83.92                             amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.15.0-84-generic          5.15.0-84.93                             amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.15.0-86-generic          5.15.0-86.96                             amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.15.0-87-generic          5.15.0-87.97                             amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.15.0-88-generic          5.15.0-88.98                             amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.15.0-89-generic          5.15.0-89.99                             amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.15.0-91-generic          5.15.0-91.101                            amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.15.0-92-generic          5.15.0-92.102                            amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.15.0-94-generic          5.15.0-94.104                            amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.15.0-97-generic          5.15.0-97.107                            amd64        Signed kernel image generic
ii  linux-image-generic                    5.15.0.112.112                           amd64        Generic Linux kernel image
root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# dpkg --get-selections | grep linux-image
linux-image-5.15.0-100-generic                  deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-101-generic                  deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-102-generic                  deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-105-generic                  install
linux-image-5.15.0-106-generic                  deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-107-generic                  deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-112-generic                  install
linux-image-5.15.0-60-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-79-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-82-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-83-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-84-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-86-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-87-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-88-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-89-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-91-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-92-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-94-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-97-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-generic                             install
root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# dpkg -l|grep linux-header
ii  linux-headers-5.15.0-105               5.15.0-105.115                           all          Header files related to Linux kernel version 5.15.0
ii  linux-headers-5.15.0-105-generic       5.15.0-105.115                           amd64        Linux kernel headers for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-headers-5.15.0-112               5.15.0-112.122                           all          Header files related to Linux kernel version 5.15.0
ii  linux-headers-5.15.0-112-generic       5.15.0-112.122                           amd64        Linux kernel headers for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-headers-5.15.0-60                5.15.0-60.66                             all          Header files related to Linux kernel version 5.15.0
ii  linux-headers-5.15.0-60-generic        5.15.0-60.66                             amd64        Linux kernel headers for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-headers-generic                  5.15.0.112.112                           amd64        Generic Linux kernel headers
root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# 
root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# grep 'menuentry' /boot/grub/grub.cfg
if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then
  menuentry_id_option="--id"
  menuentry_id_option=""
export menuentry_id_option
menuentry 'Ubuntu' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-89b03969-9f16-449c-8333-b76b0a23e4f2' {
submenu 'Advanced options for Ubuntu' $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-89b03969-9f16-449c-8333-b76b0a23e4f2' {
        menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-112-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.15.0-112-generic-advanced-89b03969-9f16-449c-8333-b76b0a23e4f2' {
        menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-112-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.15.0-112-generic-recovery-89b03969-9f16-449c-8333-b76b0a23e4f2' {
        menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-105-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.15.0-105-generic-advanced-89b03969-9f16-449c-8333-b76b0a23e4f2' {
        menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-105-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.15.0-105-generic-recovery-89b03969-9f16-449c-8333-b76b0a23e4f2' {
menuentry 'UEFI Firmware Settings' $menuentry_id_option 'uefi-firmware' {
root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# 
root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# 


root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# uname -r
5.15.0-112-generic
root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# 





root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# apt-cache search header|grep 5.15.0-86
linux-headers-5.15.0-86 - Header files related to Linux kernel version 5.15.0
linux-headers-5.15.0-86-generic - Linux kernel headers for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
linux-headers-5.15.0-86-lowlatency - Linux kernel headers for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
linux-lowlatency-headers-5.15.0-86 - Header files related to Linux kernel version 5.15.0
root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# apt-cache search image|grep 5.15.0-86
linux-image-5.15.0-86-generic - Signed kernel image generic
linux-image-5.15.0-86-lowlatency - Signed kernel image lowlatency
linux-image-unsigned-5.15.0-86-generic - Linux kernel image for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
linux-image-unsigned-5.15.0-86-lowlatency - Linux kernel image for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# 




linux-headers-5.15.0-86-generic  linux-image-5.15.0-86-generic

root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# apt-get install linux-headers-5.15.0-86-generic  linux-image-5.15.0-86-generic



root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# dpkg --get-selections | grep linux-image
linux-image-5.15.0-100-generic                  deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-101-generic                  deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-102-generic                  deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-105-generic                  install
linux-image-5.15.0-106-generic                  deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-107-generic                  deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-112-generic                  install
linux-image-5.15.0-60-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-79-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-82-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-83-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-84-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-86-generic                   install
linux-image-5.15.0-87-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-88-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-89-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-91-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-92-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-94-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-97-generic                   deinstall
linux-image-generic                             install
root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# 



root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# dpkg --get-selections|grep linux-head
linux-headers-5.15.0-105                        install
linux-headers-5.15.0-105-generic                install
linux-headers-5.15.0-112                        install
linux-headers-5.15.0-112-generic                install
linux-headers-5.15.0-60                         install
linux-headers-5.15.0-60-generic                 install
linux-headers-5.15.0-86                         install
linux-headers-5.15.0-86-generic                 install
linux-headers-generic                           install
root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# 



root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# grep 'menuentry' /boot/grub/grub.cfg
if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then
  menuentry_id_option="--id"
  menuentry_id_option=""
export menuentry_id_option
menuentry 'Ubuntu' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-89b03969-9f16-449c-8333-b76b0a23e4f2' {
submenu 'Advanced options for Ubuntu' $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-89b03969-9f16-449c-8333-b76b0a23e4f2' {
        menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-112-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.15.0-112-generic-advanced-89b03969-9f16-449c-8333-b76b0a23e4f2' {
        menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-112-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.15.0-112-generic-recovery-89b03969-9f16-449c-8333-b76b0a23e4f2' {
        menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-105-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.15.0-105-generic-advanced-89b03969-9f16-449c-8333-b76b0a23e4f2' {
        menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-105-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.15.0-105-generic-recovery-89b03969-9f16-449c-8333-b76b0a23e4f2' {
        menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-86-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.15.0-86-generic-advanced-89b03969-9f16-449c-8333-b76b0a23e4f2' {
        menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-86-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.15.0-86-generic-recovery-89b03969-9f16-449c-8333-b76b0a23e4f2' {
menuentry 'UEFI Firmware Settings' $menuentry_id_option 'uefi-firmware' {
root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# 



root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# head /etc/default/grub
# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
# For full documentation of the options in this file, see:
#   info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration'

#GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_DEFAULT="1> 4"
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=hidden
GRUB_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# 




root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# update-grub
Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub'
Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub.d/init-select.cfg'
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.15.0-112-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-112-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.15.0-105-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-105-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.15.0-86-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-86-generic
Warning: os-prober will not be executed to detect other bootable partitions.
Systems on them will not be added to the GRUB boot configuration.
Check GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER documentation entry.
Adding boot menu entry for UEFI Firmware Settings ...
done
root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# 
root@gpu009:/home/xiaoma# reboot #重启之后，就完成内核降级。nvidia-smi命令就可以正常使用了。之前无法使用就是某次重启服务器，让内核升级了的系统，和现有的驱动版本不匹配
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