Ventoy 自动安装Ubuntu22.04和Rockylinux9.6操作系统配置说明
Ventoy是一个制作可启动U盘的开源工具 官方： https://www.ventoy.net/
本次使用的功能
1 使用单个u盘能安装多个操作系统，不需要使用rufus单个烧录 大道至简(本次15GU盘)
2 使用主题插件 自定义（装X用）
3 使用 自定义菜单插件 显示清晰明了
4 使用 菜单别名插件 显示清晰明了
4 使用 自动安装插件 无人值守
5 使用 启动配置替换插件 网卡命名为eht0
u盘制作步骤
1 下载ventoy-1.1.07-windows.zip 解压到自定义目录
2 插入u盘，打开Ventoy2Disk.exe 选择对应的u盘，启动烧录
3 制作完成后U盘显示为空（有用的部分隐藏了无需多问）
4 创建目录，目录结构如下
/iso 存放镜像 和 启动配置替换文件
1 下载Ubuntu22.04.5-server.iso 和rockylinux9.6-mini.iso到 /iso目录
2 重命名为 u220405.iso和r96-mini.iso
3 从r96-mini.iso镜像中提取文件/boot/grub/grub.cfg重名为：r96-mini-new-isolinux.cfg
添加 net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0
例如： linux /casper/vmlinuz net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0 ---
4 从u220405.iso镜像中提取文件/isolinux/isoliunx.cfg重命名为：u220405-new-grub.cfg
添加 net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0
例如： append initrd=initrd.img inst.stage2=hd:LABEL=Rocky-9-6-x86_64-dvd net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0 quiet
/theme/Cyber-Security 主题文件
自行下载 无需修改 https://www.gnome-look.org/p/1276072
/ventoy/ 存放主配置文件 和 自动应答文件：ks user-data
1 meta-data ubuntu22.04应答文件
2 user-data ubuntu22.04应答文件
3 ks-r96-mini.cfg rockylinux 应答ks文件
4 ventoy.json ventoy主配制文件
ubuntu 应答文件
1 meta-data
instance-id: kcadmin-ubuntu
local-hostname: kcadmin
2 user-data
#cloud-config
autoinstall:
version: 1
source:
id: ubuntu-server
search_drivers: false
locale: en_US.UTF-8
keyboard:
layout: us
timezone: Asia/Shanghai
kernel:
package: linux-generic
apt:
fallback: offline-install
mirror-selection:
primary:
- arches: [amd64]
uri: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/
- arches: [arm64]
uri: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports
preserve_sources_list: false
network:
version: 2
ethernets:
eth0:
match:
name: "en*"
set-name: eth0
dhcp4: false
dhcp6: false
addresses:
- 192.168.168.168/24
routes:
- to: default
via: 192.168.168.254
nameservers:
addresses: [8.8.8.8, 114.114.114.114]
identity:
username: kcadmin
hostname: u240403-node01
password: $6$BPMly4e2Ib2FzkO9$o0jpeycyeUILqk.i4dNigLNCuW/vq1QOIAMzsl6YkBZQXO0KOI.eDrqk7l9YTw/eq2Jf2gzI3u5LcpjfNj.O21
ssh:
allow-pw: true
install-server: true
storage:
layout:
name: direct
updates: security
codecs:
install: false
drivers:
install: false
late-commands:
- echo "Autoinstall completed on $(date)" >> /target/root/install.log
- curtin in-target --target=/target -- systemctl disable ufw
- curtin in-target --target=/target -- systemctl stop ufw
- curtin in-target --target=/target -- bash -c "echo 'root:Kc@123456' | chpasswd"
- curtin in-target --target=/target -- sed -i 's/^#\?PermitRootLogin .*/PermitRootLogin yes/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
- curtin in-target --target=/target -- sed -i 's/^#\?PasswordAuthentication .*/PasswordAuthentication yes/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
- curtin in-target --target=/target -- systemctl restart ssh
- curtin in-target --target=/target -- bash -c "ulimit -n 655360"
- curtin in-target --target=/target -- bash -c "printf '%s\n' '* hard nproc 655360' '* hard nofile 655360' 'root soft nproc 655360' 'root hard nofile 655360' >> /etc/security/limits.conf"
- curtin in-target --target=/target -- bash -c "printf '%s\n' 'fs.file-max = 655350' 'net.core.somaxconn = 2048' 'net.core.rmem_max = 819200000' 'vm.overcommit_memory = 1' 'vm.swappiness = 0' 'vm.zone_reclaim_mode = 0' >> /etc/sysctl.conf"
- curtin in-target --target=/target -- sysctl -p
Rockylinux 应答文件 ks.cfg
3 ks-r96-mini.cfg
#version=RHEL9
url --url=file:///run/install/repo
firstboot --disable
text
lang en_US.UTF-8
keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'
network --bootproto=static --device=eth0 --ip=192.168.168.168 --gateway=192.168.168.254 --nameserver=8.8.8.8 --netmask=255.255.255.0 --noipv6 --activate
timezone Asia/Shanghai --utc
%pre
DISK=$(lsblk -ndo NAME,TYPE | awk '$2=="disk"{print $1}' | head -n1)
echo "Detected disk: $DISK" > /tmp/disk.log
echo "ignoredisk --only-use=$DISK" > /tmp/part-include
echo "bootloader --location=mbr --boot-drive=$DISK" >> /tmp/part-include
echo "zerombr" >> /tmp/part-include
echo "clearpart --all --initlabel" >> /tmp/part-include
echo "part /boot --fstype=xfs --ondisk=$DISK --size=1024" >> /tmp/part-include
echo "part swap --fstype=swap --ondisk=$DISK --size=2048" >> /tmp/part-include
echo "part / --fstype=xfs --ondisk=$DISK --size=17000 --grow" >> /tmp/part-include
%end
%include /tmp/part-include
eula --agreed
rootpw --plaintext "Kc@123456"
firewall --disabled
selinux --disabled
reboot
%packages
@^minimal-environment
%end
%addon com_redhat_kdump --disable --reserve-mb='auto'
%end
%post --interpreter /bin/bash
sed -i 's/#PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin yes/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sed -i 's/#PermitEmptyPasswords.*/PermitEmptyPasswords no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
systemctl restart sshd
cat >/etc/security/limits.d/99-custom-limits.conf <<EOF
* soft nofile 65536
* hard nofile 131072
* soft nproc 65536
* hard nproc 131072
EOF
cat >/etc/sysctl.d/99-custom-sysctl.conf <<EOF
fs.file-max = 2097152
vm.swappiness = 10
net.core.somaxconn = 65535
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
EOF
sysctl --system
%end
4 ventoy.json
{
"control":[
{ "VTOY_DEFAULT_MENU_MODE": "1" },
{ "VTOY_MENU_LANGUAGE": "zh_CN" },
{ "VTOY_DEFAULT_SEARCH_ROOT": "/iso" }
],
"theme":{
"file": "/theme/Cyber-Security/theme.txt",
"fonts":[
"/theme/Cyber-Security/dejavu_12.pf2"
]
},
"menu_alias":[
{
"image": "/iso/u220405.iso",
"alias": "Ubuntu 22.04.5 Server"
},
{
"image": "/iso/r96-mini.iso",
"alias": "Rockylinux 9.6 mini"
}
],
"auto_install":[
{
"image": "/iso/u220405.iso",
"template":[
"/ventoy/user-data"
]
},
{
"image": "/iso/r96-mini.iso",
"template":[
"/ventoy/ks-r96-mini.cfg"
]
}
],
"conf_replace":[
{
"iso": "/iso/r96-mini.iso",
"org": "/isolinux/isolinux.cfg",
"new": "/iso/r96-mini-new-isolinux.cfg"
},
{
"iso": "/iso/u220405.iso",
"org": "/boot/grub/grub.cfg",
"new": "/iso/u220405-new-grub.cfg"
}
]
}
注意事项
1 登录系统 root / Kc@123456
2 测试机单块磁盘容量大于U盘容量 如20G > 15G u盘
3 测试机磁盘如果是raid 或 多块磁盘 请自行测试解决
4 配置了默认静态IP 192.168.168.168
5 应答文件中做了简单系统优化
本文来自博客园，站在巨人的肩膀上，坚持开源精神，遵循开源协议：Apache Licene 2.0协议。
浙公网安备 33010602011771号