drf视图组件、路由控制、响应器

一 基本视图

写一个出版社的增删查改resful接口

　路由：

url(r'^publish/$', views.PublishView.as_view()),
url(r'^publish/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.PublishDetailView.as_view()),

视图：

class PublishSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model=models.Publish
        fields='__all__'

class PublishView(APIView):

    def get(self, request):
        publish_list = models.Publish.objects.all()
        bs = PublishSerializers(publish_list, many=True)
        # 序列化数据

        return Response(bs.data)

    def post(self, request):
        # 添加一条数据
        print(request.data)

        bs=PublishSerializers(data=request.data)
        if bs.is_valid():
            bs.save()  # 生成记录
            return Response(bs.data)
        else:

            return Response(bs.errors)

class PublishDetailView(APIView):
    def get(self,request,pk):
        publish_obj=models.Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
        bs=PublishSerializers(publish_obj,many=False)
        return Response(bs.data)
    def put(self,request,pk):
        publish_obj = models.Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()

        bs=PublishSerializers(data=request.data,instance=publish_obj)
        if bs.is_valid():
            bs.save() # update
            return Response(bs.data)
        else:
            return Response(bs.errors)
    def delete(self,request,pk):
        models.Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).delete()

        return Response("")

二 mixin类和generice类编写视图

from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView
from rest_framework.mixins import ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin，RetrieveModelMixin, UpdateModelMixin, DestroyModelMixin

class PublishView(GenericAPIView, ListModelMixin, CreateModelMixin):
    queryset = Publish.objects.all()
    serializer_class = PublishSerializers

    def get(self, request):
        return self.list(request)

    def post(self, request):
        # 添加一条数据
        return self.create(request)

三 使用generics 下ListCreateAPIView,RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView

from rest_framework.generics import ListCreateAPIView

class PublishView(ListCreateAPIView):
    queryset = Publish.objects.all()
    serializer_class = PublishSerializers

四 使用ModelViewSet

路由:url(r'^publish/$', views.PublishView.as_view({'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'})),
    url(r'^publish/(?P<pk>\d+)', views.PublishView.as_view({'get': 'retrieve', 'put': 'update','delete':'destroy'})),

from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet

class PublishView(ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Publish.objects.all()
    serializer_class = PublishSerializers

五 ViewSetMixin 

用了它之后,视图类中不需要写get,post,put方法了,自己定义方法就可以了，让请求方法对应到自己定义的方法上,配置路由

from django.conf import settings
from rest_framework.viewsets import ViewSetMixin

# 注意先后顺序,ViewSetMixin写在前面
class TestAll(ViewSetMixin, APIView):
    def test(self, request):
        print(settings.DEBUG)

        return HttpResponse('test')

    def test2(self, request):
        return HttpResponse('test2')

    def test3(self, request):
        return HttpResponse('test3')
路由

url(r'^test1/$', views.TestAll.as_view({'get': 'test'})),
url(r'^test2/$', views.TestAll.as_view({'get': 'test2'})),
url(r'^test3/$', views.TestAll.as_view({'get': 'test3'})),

 路由控制

三种:
　　-一种基本路由: url(r'^publish/$', views.PublishView.as_view()),
　　-半自动路径: views.PublishView.as_view({'get': 'list', 'post': 'create'}))
　　-必须继承: ViewSetMixin
       - 继承ViewSetMixin的先后顺序
       - 全自动路由:(基本不用)
               -
from rest_framework import routers

# 生成一个router对象
router = routers.DefaultRouter()
# 需要传两个参数,第一个参数就是匹配的路径,第二个参数,是视图类
router.register('publish', views.PublishView)

url('', include(router.urls)),
# 自动生成四个路由(PublishView必须继承ModelViewSet)

响应器:(基本上不需要配置)

局部配置
    视图类中:
        -renderer_classes=[JSONRenderer,BrowsableAPIRenderer]
    全局配置
        在setting中:
            REST_FRAMEWORK = {
                'DEFAULT_RENDERER_CLASSES':['rest_framework.renderers.JSONRenderer']
            }