如何判断服务器是云主机还是物理主机或docker容器

容器和虚拟机的区别：容器共享内核，虚拟机独享内核

虚拟机和物理机的区别：虚拟机是软件模拟的完整硬件系统功能的、完全隔离环境的计算机系统。只要模拟的全面，是没有太大差别的。除了性能差异，毕竟软件做了硬件的事。

方法1：dmidecode命令查看

dmidecode -t 1
dmidecode -s system-product-name
dmidecode -s system-Manufacturer


PowerEdge R730    # 这个代表物理机
SYS-4028GR-TR    # 这个代表物理机
VMware Virtual Platform      # 这个代表虚拟机


OpenStack Nova      # 这个代表华为云云主机
Alibaba Cloud ECS   # 这个代表阿里云云主机

华为云：

[root@eas-ora ~]# dmidecode -t 1
# dmidecode 3.2
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 2.8 present.

Handle 0x0100, DMI type 1, 27 bytes
System Information
        Manufacturer: OpenStack Foundation
        Product Name: OpenStack Nova
        Version: 13.2.1-20210707213230_d1da3e2
        Serial Number: 88f22f46-0843-4ccd-afe9-2929c08e7292
        UUID: 88f22f46-0843-4ccd-afe9-2929c08e7292
        Wake-up Type: Power Switch
        SKU Number: Not Specified
        Family: Virtual Machine

[root@ecs-9b83 ~]# dmidecode -t 1
# dmidecode 3.2
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 2.8 present.

Handle 0x0100, DMI type 1, 27 bytes
System Information
        Manufacturer: Huawei Cloud
        Product Name: c7.2xlarge.2
        Version: 13.2.1-20220808115737_bd245dd
        Serial Number: 56207974-6690-4174-97fa-5f45250dad5d
        UUID: 56207974-6690-4174-97fa-5f45250dad5d
        Wake-up Type: Power Switch
        SKU Number: Not Specified
        Family: Virtual Machine
[root@ecs-9b83 ~]# dmidecode -s system-Manufacturer
Huawei Cloud

阿里云：

[root@xmmup ~]# dmidecode -t 1
# dmidecode 3.2
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 2.8 present.

Handle 0x0100, DMI type 1, 27 bytes
System Information
        Manufacturer: Alibaba Cloud
        Product Name: Alibaba Cloud ECS
        Version: pc-i440fx-2.1
        Serial Number: da419577-4e99-4c00-90f2-d2ef8cbb8571
        UUID: da419577-4e99-4c00-90f2-d2ef8cbb8571
        Wake-up Type: Power Switch
        SKU Number: Not Specified
        Family: Not Specified

方法2：查看根分区的磁盘类型

一般物理机的根分区为/dev/sda2，而云主机的根分区为/dev/vda1，如下：

[root@eas ~]# df -h
Filesystem                       Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                          95G     0   95G   0% /dev
tmpfs                             95G  9.5M   95G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                             95G  978M   94G   2% /run
tmpfs                             95G     0   95G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda1                         40G   14G   25G  36% /
/dev/mapper/vg_oracle-lv_oracle  1.5T  1.3T  190G  87% /oracle
tmpfs                             19G     0   19G   0% /run/user/0
[root@eas-ora ~]#

注意：也有部分云主机的根目录使用的是共享盘，那么磁盘类型也是/dev/sda1，如下：

[root@ecs-9b83 ~]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs        7.6G     0  7.6G   0% /dev
tmpfs           7.6G     0  7.6G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           7.6G  8.7M  7.6G   1% /run
tmpfs           7.6G     0  7.6G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1        40G  3.0G   35G   8% /
tmpfs           1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /run/user/0
[root@ecs-9b83 ~]#

方法3：查看欢迎语

各个厂商的云主机都配置了欢迎语，即文件/etc/motd，如下：

-- 华为云
[root@ora ~]# cat /etc/motd

        Welcome to Huawei Cloud Service



-- 阿里云
[lhr@xmmup ~]$  cat /etc/motd

Welcome to Alibaba Cloud Elastic Compute Service !

是否docker环境

使用命令查看cgroup：

cat /proc/1/cgroup

原理：容器是通过 cgroup 实现资源限制，判断容器是否在一个 cgroup 组中

如果是docker，显示:

[root@lhrxxt ~]# docker exec -it test bash
[root@test /]# 
[root@test /]# 
[root@test /]# 
[root@test /]# cat /proc/1/cgroup
 15:name=systemd:/docker/91105ee80286688d365ec8fd584b292cf45d4f3751ebc56d8aa762c773044698
 14:misc:/
 13:rdma:/docker/91105ee80286688d365ec8fd584b292cf45d4f3751ebc56d8aa762c773044698
 12:pids:/docker/91105ee80286688d365ec8fd584b292cf45d4f3751ebc56d8aa762c773044698
11:hugetlb:/docker/91105ee80286688d365ec8fd584b292cf45d4f3751ebc56d8aa762c773044698
10:net_prio:/docker/91105ee80286688d365ec8fd584b292cf45d4f3751ebc56d8aa762c773044698
9:perf_event:/docker/91105ee80286688d365ec8fd584b292cf45d4f3751ebc56d8aa762c773044698
8:net_cls:/docker/91105ee80286688d365ec8fd584b292cf45d4f3751ebc56d8aa762c773044698
7:freezer:/docker/91105ee80286688d365ec8fd584b292cf45d4f3751ebc56d8aa762c773044698
6:devices:/docker/91105ee80286688d365ec8fd584b292cf45d4f3751ebc56d8aa762c773044698
5:blkio:/docker/91105ee80286688d365ec8fd584b292cf45d4f3751ebc56d8aa762c773044698
4:cpuacct:/docker/91105ee80286688d365ec8fd584b292cf45d4f3751ebc56d8aa762c773044698
3:cpu:/docker/91105ee80286688d365ec8fd584b292cf45d4f3751ebc56d8aa762c773044698
2:cpuset:/docker/91105ee80286688d365ec8fd584b292cf45d4f3751ebc56d8aa762c773044698
1:memory:/docker/91105ee80286688d365ec8fd584b292cf45d4f3751ebc56d8aa762c773044698
0::/docker/91105ee80286688d365ec8fd584b292cf45d4f3751ebc56d8aa762c773044698

如果是虚拟机或者物理机器，显示:

 [root@lhrxxt ~]# cat /proc/1/cgroup
 11:cpuset:/
 10:cpuacct,cpu:/
 9:pids:/
 8:devices:/
 7:hugetlb:/
 6:perf_event:/
 5:freezer:/
 4:net_prio,net_cls:/
3:memory:/
2:blkio:/
1:name=systemd:/

总结

这几种办法可以综合来判断。

其它方法请参考：
https://blog.csdn.net/u010913001/article/details/106488517
https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/70656230

posted @ 2023-08-22 10:25 寻梦99 阅读(112) 评论(0) 收藏举报

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