apace日常操作和配置

[root@limt modules]# /usr/sbin/apachectl -h
Usage: /usr/sbin/httpd [-D name] [-d directory] [-f file]
                       [-C "directive"] [-c "directive"]
                       [-k start|restart|graceful|graceful-stop|stop]
                       [-v] [-V] [-h] [-l] [-L] [-t] [-S]
Options:
  -D name            : define a name for use in <IfDefine name> directives
  -d directory       : specify an alternate initial ServerRoot
  -f file            : specify an alternate ServerConfigFile
  -C "directive"     : process directive before reading config files
  -c "directive"     : process directive after reading config files
  -e level           : show startup errors of level (see LogLevel)
  -E file            : log startup errors to file
  -v                 : show version number
  -V                 : show compile settings
  -h                 : list available command line options (this page)
  -l                 : list compiled in modules
  -L                 : list available configuration directives
  -t -D DUMP_VHOSTS  : show parsed settings (currently only vhost settings)
  -S                 : a synonym for -t -D DUMP_VHOSTS
  -t -D DUMP_MODULES : show all loaded modules 
  -M                 : a synonym for -t -D DUMP_MODULES
  -t                 : run syntax check for config files

1 查看apache编译时加载的模块

[root@limt modules]# /usr/sbin/apachectl -l
Compiled in modules:
  core.c
  prefork.c  #采用的多进程模式
  http_core.c
  mod_so.c

2 看所有可Load的模块

/usr/sbin/apachectl -t -D DUMP_MODULES

3 检查配置文件语法

[root@limt modules]# /usr/sbin/apachectl -t -f /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 
httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 192.168.1.104 for ServerName
Syntax OK

4 启动apache

[root@limt modules]# /usr/sbin/apachectl -k start -f /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 
httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 192.168.1.104 for ServerName
[root@limt modules]# ps -ef|grep http
root       6011      1  0 04:26 pts/0    00:00:00 /usr/sbin/nss_pcache 294914 off /etc/httpd/alias
root       6013      1  4 04:26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -f /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
root       6015   6013  0 04:26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/crlhelper 327684 6013 /etc/httpd/alias
apache     6016   6013  0 04:26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -f /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
apache     6017   6013  3 04:26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -f /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
apache     6018   6013  2 04:26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -f /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
apache     6019   6013  2 04:26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -f /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
apache     6020   6013  2 04:26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -f /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
apache     6021   6013  3 04:26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -f /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
apache     6022   6013  3 04:26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -f /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
apache     6023   6013  3 04:26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -f /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
apache     6024   6013  4 04:26 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -f /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
root       6026   4496  0 04:27 pts/0    00:00:00 grep http

5 停止apache

[root@limt modules]# /usr/sbin/apachectl -k stop
httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 192.168.1.104 for ServerName
[root@limt modules]# 
[root@limt modules]# ps -ef|grep http
root       6039   4496  0 04:28 pts/0    00:00:00 grep http

6 配置文件:/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

Section 1: Global Environment

ServerTokens OS
#语法:ServerTokens Major | Minor | Min[imal] | Prod[uctOnly] | OS | Full
#默认:ServerTokens Full
#这个指令用来控制服务器回应给客户端的“Server:”应答头是否包含关于服务器操作系统类型和编译进的模块描述信息。
#注意:在使用ServerTokens指令时要先启用ServerSignature指令。

#apache软件安装的位置
ServerRoot "/etc/httpd"

#主httpd进程(所有其他进程的父进程)的进程号文件位置
PidFile run/httpd.pid

Timeout 60
#开启持久性连接功能。即当客户端连接到服务器,下载完数据后仍然保持连接状态
KeepAlive Off
#一个连接服务的最多请求次数
MaxKeepAliveRequests 100
#持续连接多长时间,该连接没有再请求数据,则断开该连接。缺省为15秒
KeepAliveTimeout 15


#多进程模式
# prefork MPM
<IfModule prefork.c>
StartServers       8
MinSpareServers    5
MaxSpareServers   20
ServerLimit      256
MaxClients       256
MaxRequestsPerChild  4000
</IfModule>
#多进程多线程模式
# worker MPM
<IfModule worker.c>
StartServers         4
MaxClients         300
MinSpareThreads     25
MaxSpareThreads     75 
ThreadsPerChild     25
MaxRequestsPerChild  0
</IfModule>

#监听端口
Listen 8080

#加载模块
LoadModule auth_basic_module modules/mod_auth_basic.so
LoadModule auth_digest_module modules/mod_auth_digest.so
LoadModule authn_file_module modules/mod_authn_file.so
LoadModule authn_alias_module modules/mod_authn_alias.so

#加载conf.d目录的配置模块
Include conf.d/*.conf

# Section 2: 'Main' server configuration

#apache运行的用户
User apache
Group apache

#管理员的邮件地址
ServerAdmin root@localhost

ServerName指定Apache用于识别自身的名字和端口号。 
# 通常这个值是自动指定的,但是我们推荐你显式的指定它以防止启动时出错 
# 
# 如果你为你的主机指定了一个无效的DNS名,server-generated重定向将不能工作。 
# 参见UseCanonicalName指令 
# 
# 如果你的主机没有注册DNS名,在这里键入它的IP地址 
# 无论如何,你必须使用它的IP地址来提供服务, 
# 这里使用一种容易理解的方式重定向服务 
ServerName localhost:80 

# 
# UseCanonicalName:决定Apache如何构造URLS和 SERVER_NAME 和 SERVER_PORT 的指令。 
# 当设置为 “Off”时,Apache会使用用户端提供的主机名和端口号。 
# 当设置为“On”,Apache会使用ServerName指令的值。 
# 
UseCanonicalName Off 

#主站点的网页存储位置
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"

#错误日志文件
ErrorLog logs/error_log

ServerSignature On

#Section 3: Virtual Hosts
#<VirtualHost *:80>
#    ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host.example.com
#    DocumentRoot /www/docs/dummy-host.example.com
#    ServerName dummy-host.example.com
#    ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log
#    CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common
#</VirtualHost>

 

posted @ 2015-01-12 21:06  圣光救赎者  阅读(334)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报