ansible 自动化(2)

模块介绍:

copy模块

使用copy模块,可以将本地文件一键复制到远程服务器;
-a后跟上参数,参数中指定本地文件和远端路径;

[root@ZABBIX ~]# ansible glq -m copy -a "src=~/fping-3.8.tar.gz dest=~/"
10.69.69.121 | success >> {
    "changed": true, 
    "dest": "/root/fping-3.8.tar.gz", 
    "gid": 0, 
    "group": "root", 
    "md5sum": "1e36467cc96a4ca959925ac167ea19af", 
    "mode": "0644", 
    "owner": "root", 
    "size": 147448, 
    "src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1482214561.7-273384209097162/source", 
    "state": "file", 
    "uid": 0
}
10.107.2.56 | success >> {
    "changed": true, 
    "dest": "/root/fping-3.8.tar.gz", 
    "gid": 0, 
    "group": "root", 
    "md5sum": "1e36467cc96a4ca959925ac167ea19af", 
    "mode": "0644", 
    "owner": "root", 
    "size": 147448, 
    "src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1482214563.87-235871924804761/source", 
    "state": "file", 
    "uid": 0
}
10.107.2.44 | success >> {
    "changed": true, 
    "dest": "/root/fping-3.8.tar.gz", 
    "gid": 0, 
    "group": "root", 
    "md5sum": "1e36467cc96a4ca959925ac167ea19af", 
    "mode": "0644", 
    "owner": "root", 
    "size": 147448, 
    "src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1482214563.94-108812671292926/source", 
    "state": "file", 
    "uid": 0
}

10.107.2.58 | success >> {
    "changed": true, 
    "dest": "/root/fping-3.8.tar.gz", 
    "gid": 0, 
    "group": "root", 
    "md5sum": "1e36467cc96a4ca959925ac167ea19af", 
    "mode": "0644", 
    "owner": "root", 
    "size": 147448, 
    "src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1482214563.92-185412226226660/source", 
    "state": "file", 
    "uid": 0
}
验证是否copy成功:
[root@ZABBIX ~]# ansible glq -m command -a 'ls -al /root/fping-3.8.tar.gz'
10.107.2.56 | success | rc=0 >>
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 147448 Dec 20 14:15 /root/fping-3.8.tar.gz
10.107.2.44 | success | rc=0 >>
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 147448 Dec 20 14:15 /root/fping-3.8.tar.gz
10.107.2.58 | success | rc=0 >>
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 147448 Dec 20 14:15 /root/fping-3.8.tar.gz
10.69.69.121 | success | rc=0 >>
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 147448 Dec 20 07:15 /root/fping-3.8.tar.gz

 

command模块:

command模块为ansible默认模块,不指定-m参数时,使用的就是command模块;
comand模块比较简单,常见的命令都可以使用,但其命令的执行不是通过shell执行的,所以,像这些 "<", ">", "|", and "&"操作都不可以,当然,也就不支持管道;

缺点是:不支持管道,就没法批量执行命令;

实例:

[root@ZABBIX ~]# ansible glq -m command -a 'pwd'
10.69.69.121 | success | rc=0 >>
/root
10.107.2.56 | success | rc=0 >>
/root
10.107.2.44 | success | rc=0 >>
/root
10.107.2.58 | success | rc=0 >>
/root

shell模块

使用shell模块,在远程命令通过/bin/sh来执行;所以,我们在终端输入的各种命令方式,都可以使用;
但是我们自己定义在.bashrc/.bash_profile中的环境变量shell模块由于没有加载,所以无法识别;如果需要使用自定义的环境变量,就需要在最开始,执行加载自定义脚本的语句;

对shell模块的使用可以分成两块:
1) 如果待执行的语句少,可以直接写在一句话中:

[root@ZABBIX ~]# ansible glq -a "ifconfig eth0 | grep -e "^10.";pwd" -m shell
10.69.69.121 | success | rc=0 >>
/root

10.107.2.44 | success | rc=0 >>
/rooteth0: error fetching interface information: Device not found

10.107.2.56 | success | rc=0 >>
/root

10.107.2.58 | success | rc=0 >>
/rooteth0: error fetching interface information: Device not found

2) 如果在远程待执行的语句比较多,可写成一个脚本,通过copy模块传到远端,然后再执行;但这样就又涉及到两次ansible调用;对于这种需求,ansible已经为我们考虑到了,script模块就是干这事的;

 

scripts模块

使用scripts模块可以在本地写一个脚本,在远程服务器上执行:

脚本如下:

[root@ZABBIX ~]# vim test.sh
#!/bin/bash
declare -i SUM=0
for ((i=1;i<=100;i+=1))
do
        let SUM+=$i
done
echo $SUM

 

执行脚本:

[root@ZABBIX ~]# ansible glq -m script -a "/root/test.sh" 
10.69.69.121 | success >> {
    "changed": true, 
    "rc": 0, 
    "stderr": "", 
    "stdout": "5050\r\n"
}
10.107.2.44 | success >> {
    "changed": true, 
    "rc": 0, 
    "stderr": "", 
    "stdout": "5050\r\n"
}
10.107.2.56 | success >> {
    "changed": true, 
    "rc": 0, 
    "stderr": "", 
    "stdout": "5050\r\n"
}
10.107.2.58 | success >> {
    "changed": true, 
    "rc": 0, 
    "stderr": "", 
    "stdout": "5050\r\n"
}
posted @ 2016-12-20 14:43  quicksand.F  阅读(143)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报