7-多环境配置示例

下面整理一个 多环境（dev / prod）Terraform 配置结构，这样只需要切换变量文件就能在不同环境创建 ECS + EIP。

目录结构

project/
├── main.tf
├── variables.tf
├── outputs.tf
├── dev.tfvars
└── prod.tfvars

main.tf

terraform {
  required_providers {
    alicloud = {
      source  = "aliyun/alicloud"
      version = ">= 1.200.0"
    }
  }
  required_version = ">= 1.1.0"
}

provider "alicloud" {
  region     = var.region
  access_key = var.access_key
  secret_key = var.secret_key
}

# 创建多台 ECS 实例
resource "alicloud_instance" "ecs" {
  count                     = var.ecs_count
  instance_name             = "${var.env_name}-ecs-${count.index + 1}"
  image_id                  = var.image_id
  instance_type             = var.instance_type
  security_groups           = [var.security_group_id]
  vswitch_id                = var.vswitch_id
  internet_max_bandwidth_out = 0
}

# 创建多个 EIP
resource "alicloud_eip" "eip" {
  count                = var.ecs_count
  bandwidth            = 5
  internet_charge_type = "PayByTraffic"
}

# 绑定 EIP 到 ECS
resource "alicloud_eip_association" "assoc" {
  count        = var.ecs_count
  instance_id  = alicloud_instance.ecs[count.index].id
  allocation_id = alicloud_eip.eip[count.index].id
}

variables.tf

variable "region" {
  type        = string
  description = "Region of ECS"
}

variable "access_key" {
  type        = string
  description = "Access key"
}

variable "secret_key" {
  type        = string
  description = "Secret key"
}

variable "ecs_count" {
  type        = number
  description = "Number of ECS instances"
}

variable "image_id" {
  type        = string
  description = "Image ID"
}

variable "instance_type" {
  type        = string
  description = "ECS instance type"
}

variable "security_group_id" {
  type        = string
  description = "Security group ID"
}

variable "vswitch_id" {
  type        = string
  description = "VSwitch ID"
}

variable "env_name" {
  type        = string
  description = "Environment name, e.g. dev/prod"
}

outputs.tf

output "private_ips" {
  value = [for i in alicloud_instance.ecs : i.private_ip]
}

output "public_ips" {
  value = [for e in alicloud_eip.eip : e.ip_address]
}

dev.tfvars

region            = "cn-beijing"
access_key        = "你的AK"
secret_key        = "你的SK"
ecs_count         = 1
image_id          = "ubuntu_24_04_x64_20G_alibase_20250722.vhd"
instance_type     = "ecs.t5-lc1m1.small"
security_group_id = "sg-devxxxxx"
vswitch_id        = "vsw-devxxxxx"
env_name          = "dev"

prod.tfvars

region            = "cn-beijing"
access_key        = "你的AK"
secret_key        = "你的SK"
ecs_count         = 3
image_id          = "ubuntu_24_04_x64_20G_alibase_20250722.vhd"
instance_type     = "ecs.g6.large"
security_group_id = "sg-proxxxxx"
vswitch_id        = "vsw-proxxxxx"
env_name          = "prod"

使用方式:

初始化Terraform：

terraform init

部署开发环境：

terraform apply -var-file="dev.tfvars"

部署生产环境：

terraform apply -var-file="prod.tfvars"

这样就能一套配置文件，多个环境切换，方便管理