httprunner3.x 测试用例关联及运行
测试用例关联
hhttprunner中不仅有hook机制，还有用例关联操作，引用内置的RunTestCase类，主要用于在测试步骤中引用其他测试用例
Step( RunTestCase('request login functions') .call(TestCaseLogin) .export(*['token'])
RunTestCase(name)：初始化，可自定义的name名称，必填项
.call(类名)： 指定引用的测试用例类
.export(变量)：指定从引用的测试用例中提取所需的关联变量
# -*-coding:utf-8 -*- # ** createDate: 2021/3/23 14:22 # ** scriptFile: testcase_student_login_test.py from httprunner import (HttpRunner, Config, Step, RunRequest) class TestCaseLogin(HttpRunner): config = ( Config("login") .base_url("${ENV(HOSTURL)}") .verify(False) ) teststeps = [ Step( RunRequest('login') .with_variables(**{'token_length': 32, 'status_code': 201, 'status': 1}) .post('/client/user/auth') .with_headers(**{"Content-Type": "application/json"}) .with_json({"scenario": "client", "company_id": '${ENV(COMPANYID)}', "user_name": "${ENV(USERNAME)}", "password": "${ENV(PASSWORD)}", "device_type": "1", "device": ""}) .extract() .with_jmespath("body.data.token", "token") .validate() .assert_equal('status_code', '$status_code', '断言失败') ) ] if __name__ == '__main__': TestCaseLogin().test_start()
如果想要下个用例能引用到token值，我们必须要先在当前用例使用 .with_jmespath(token)提取关联值
# -*-coding:utf-8 -*- # ** createDate: 2021/3/26 17:44 # ** scriptFile: testcase_student_visit_index_test.py from .testcase_student_login_test import TestCaseLogin from httprunner import (HttpRunner, Config, Step, RunRequest, RunTestCase) class TestCaseIndex(HttpRunner): config = ( Config("index") .base_url("${ENV(HOSTURL)}") .verify(False) ) teststeps = [ Step( RunTestCase('request login functions') .call(TestCaseLogin) .export(*['token']) ), Step( RunRequest('index') .with_variables(**{'status_code': 200, 'status': 1}) .get('/client/user/index') .with_headers(**{"Content-Type": "application/json", 'token': '$token'}) .validate() .assert_equal('body.status', '$status', '断言失败') ) ] if __name__ == '__main__': TestCaseLogin().test_start()
- 首先引入httprunner中的RunTestCase()类
- 其次testcase_student_visit_index_test.py文件中引入了 testcase_student_login_test.py文件中的 TestCaseLogin类
- 最后进行RunTestCase(name)、.call(引入关联的类名)、.export(*['关联变量'])
直接命令行输入 hrun
testcase_student_visit_index_test.py -v 显示运行结果：
F:\TESTING\apiWebStudent\demo\testcases>hrun testcase_student_visit_index_test.py -v 2021-03-27 15:56:18.300 | INFO | httprunner.make:__make:512 - make path: F:\TESTING\apiWebStudent\demo\testcases\testcase_student_visit_index_test.py 2021-03-27 15:56:18.302 | INFO | httprunner.make:format_pytest_with_black:170 - format pytest cases with black ... No Path provided. Nothing to do � 2021-03-27 15:56:18.558 | INFO | httprunner.cli:main_run:56 - start to run tests with pytest. HttpRunner version: 3.1.4 ================================================================================= test session starts ================================================================================= rootdir: F:\TESTING\apiWebStudent\demo\testcases plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.24, cov-2.8.1, emoji-0.2.0, forked-1.3.0, html-2.1.1, metadata-1.11.0, rerunfailures-9.1.1, xdist-2.1.0 collected 2 items testcase_student_visit_index_test.py::TestCaseLogin::test_start PASSED [ 50%] testcase_student_visit_index_test.py::TestCaseIndex::test_start PASSED [100%] ================================================================================== 2 passed in 0.64s ================================================================================== 2021-03-27 15:56:18.8982021-03-27 15:56:18.9012021-03-27 15:56:18.9022021-03-27 15:56:18.9022021-03-27 15:56:18.9032021-03-27 15:56:18.9072021-03-27 15:56:18.9092021-03-27 15:56:19.046 2021-03-27 15:56:19.0462021-03-27 15:56:19.0472021-03-27 15:56:19.0492021-03-27 15:56:19.0492021-03-27 15:56:19.0502021-03-27 15:56:19.0512021-03-27 15:56:19.0512021-03-27 15:56:19.052 2021-03-27 15:56:19.0592021-03-27 15:56:19.0602021-03-27 15:56:19.0612021-03-27 15:56:19.2042021-03-27 15:56:19.2052021-03-27 15:56:19.2062021-03-27 15:56:19.2072021-03-27 15:56:19.208 2021-03-27 15:56:19.2082021-03-27 15:56:19.2092021-03-27 15:56:19.2092021-03-27 15:56:19.2102021-03-27 15:56:19.2102021-03-27 15:56:19.2112021-03-27 15:56:19.4042021-03-27 15:56:19.405 2021-03-27 15:56:19.4062021-03-27 15:56:19.4082021-03-27 15:56:19.4092021-03-27 15:56:19.4102021-03-27 15:56:19.4102021-03-27 15:56:19.411
注意点：
- 如果前置用例没有使用 .with_jmespath(token)准备好参数，后置用例引用会报错
- 如果前置用例使用的数据驱动，后置用例也要把前置的数据驱动方法拿过来使用，不然用例关联是会失败的
示例部分代码如下：
# -*-coding:utf-8 -*- # ** createDate: 2021/3/23 14:22 # ** scriptFile: testcase_student_login_test.py """ 注释信息：部分代码 """ import pytest from httprunner import (HttpRunner, Config, Step, RunRequest, Parameters) class TestCaseLogin(HttpRunner): @pytest.mark.parametrize('param', Parameters({'device_type': [1]})) def test_start(self, param): super().test_start(param) config = ( Config("login") .base_url("${ENV(HOSTURL)}") .verify(False) ) ......
前置测试用例代码中做了数据驱动，如果要实施用例关联，当前用例必须也要加上前置这段数据驱动代码：
# -*-coding:utf-8 -*- # ** createDate: 2021/3/26 17:44 # ** scriptFile: testcase_student_visit_index_test.py """ 注释信息：部分代码 """ import pytest from .testcase_student_login_test import TestCaseLogin from httprunner import (HttpRunner, Config, Step, RunRequest, RunTestCase, Parameters) class TestCaseIndex(HttpRunner): @pytest.mark.parametrize('param', Parameters({'device_type': [1]})) def test_start(self, param): super().test_start(param) config = ( Config("index") .base_url("${ENV(HOSTURL)}") .verify(False) ) ......
针对上述代码中后置用例为什么也要加数据驱动，个人认为有两种原因：
- 因为引用了前置用例，而前置用例又需要传入必填参数，所以后置用例引入包后必须也要加上，相当于函数的位置参数传参一样，必传项，不传就报错一样。
- 前置用例中的test_start()方法我们重写了，重写的test_start()方法，增加了一个位置参数，后置引用时，会先运行前置，所以必须要增加一段和前置一样的数据驱动方法
# 数据驱动方法 @pytest.mark.parametrize('param', Parameters({'device_type': [1]})) def test_start(self, param): super().test_start(param)
所以建议，如果没有数据驱动的前置用例可以直接引用给后置用例进行关联，如果有数据驱动的，还是推荐在debugtalk.py中编写hook函数使用。针对用例还是尽可能地做到独立运行，独立运行，独立运行，不然你会吃亏的。
运行测试用例
注意：hrun是httprunner run的缩写；你也可以直接使用 httprunner run 命令
# 指定路径文件运行 hrun testcases/testcase_student_visit_index_test.py -v
# 指定路径运行项目中所有的用例 hrun testcases
# 指定多个文件路径执行 hrun testcases/testcase_student_visit_index_test.py -v testcases/testcase_student_login_test.py
hrun只是包装了pytest框架，可以直接使用pytest命令运行，把hrun改成pytest即可
注意点：pytest命令只针对.py文件使用，yaml/json文件的得用hrun
# 运行项目中所有测试用例 pytest testcases
# 指定多个文件路径执行 pytest testcases/testcase_student_visit_index_test.py -v testcases/testcase_student_login_test.py
# 查看所有hrun中包装了的pytest命令；只展示部分 F:\TESTING\apiWebStudent\demo>hrun -h usage: hrun [options] [file_or_dir] [file_or_dir] [...] positional arguments: file_or_dir general: -k EXPRESSION only run tests which match the given substring expression. An expression is a python evaluatable expression where all names are substring-matched against test names and their parent classes. Example: -k 'test_method or test_other' matches all test functions and classes whose name contains 'test_method' or 'test_other', while -k 'not test_method' matches those that don't contain 'test_method' in their names. -k 'not test_method and not test_other' will eliminate the matches. Additionally keywords are matched to classes and functions containing extra names in their 'extra_keyword_matches' set, as well as functions which have names assigned directly to them. The matching is case-insensitive. -m MARKEXPR only run tests matching given mark expression. example: -m 'mark1 and not mark2'. --markers show markers (builtin, plugin and per-project ones). -x, --exitfirst exit instantly on first error or failed test. --maxfail=num exit after first num failures or errors. --strict-markers, --strict markers not registered in the `markers` section of the configuration file raise errors. -c file load configuration from `file` instead of trying to locate one of the implicit configuration files. --continue-on-collection-errors Force test execution even if collection errors occur. --rootdir=ROOTDIR Define root directory for tests. Can be relative path: 'root_dir', './root_dir', 'root_dir/another_dir/'; absolute path: '/home/user/root_dir'; path with variables: '$HOME/root_dir'. --fixtures, --funcargs show available fixtures, sorted by plugin appearance (fixtures with leading '_' are only shown with '-v') --fixtures-per-test show fixtures per test ......
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