wait、notify、notifyAll和Condition

 

wait()、notify()和notifyAll()是Object类中的方法：

/**
 * Wakes up a single thread that is waiting on this object's
 * monitor. If any threads are waiting on this object, one of them
 * is chosen to be awakened. The choice is arbitrary and occurs at
 * the discretion of the implementation. A thread waits on an object's
 * monitor by calling one of the wait methods
 */
public final native void notify();
 
/**
 * Wakes up all threads that are waiting on this object's monitor. A
 * thread waits on an object's monitor by calling one of the
 * wait methods.
 */
public final native void notifyAll();
 
/**
 * Causes the current thread to wait until either another thread invokes the
 * {@link java.lang.Object#notify()} method or the
 * {@link java.lang.Object#notifyAll()} method for this object, or a
 * specified amount of time has elapsed.
 * <p>
 * The current thread must own this object's monitor.
 */
public final native void wait(long timeout) throws InterruptedException;

以上可知：wait()、notify()和notifyAll()方法是本地方法，并且为final方法，无法被重写。

所以：这三个方法是锁对象的方法。

 

问题：

有朋友可能会有疑问：为何这三个不是Thread类声明中的方法，而是Object类中声明的方法（当然由于Thread类继承了Object类，所以Thread也可以调用者三个方法）？

其实这个问题很简单，由于每个对象都拥有monitor（即锁），所以让当前线程等待某个对象的锁，当然应该通过这个对象来操作了。而不是用当前线程来操作，因为当前线程可能会等待多个线程的锁，如果通过线程来操作，就非常复杂了。