Learning About Fabrics
Learning About Fabrics
Playlist: Fabric - YouTube
The Who, What, and How
There is no limit where we can go with fiber technology
What is Fabric
- Fiber Content + Construction
Fiber Content
- Natural or Man-made
- Staple or Filament
- Staple: Short; Like Cotton
- Filament: One long skinny strand intact; Like Silk
How to Create Blends
Typical Example: Wool Rayon and Wool Polyster
- How to blend a staple and a filament?
- Have your filament fiber core and then warp staple fibers around it.
Supply Chain
Greige Goods
-
Not recognized as suitable for final garments
-
Typical Example: Muslin
PFD or PFP
- Prepared For Dyeing or Painting
Converters
- Buying Greige Goods
Vertical Mills
- Vertical in any kind of production capacity
Distributers
- Help Converters and Mills to get their product out into the world
Jobbers
- Buying leftover and slightly damaged fabric
Fabric Orientation Terminology
Yarn
- It is made from a variety of natural and man-made fibers
- It can also be referred to as
Thread
Swatch
- Sample
Piece
- The Minimum for Production from the Converters is one piece
- One Piece equals One Roll
- You should ask how many yards in a piece
- Usually you can't split a piece up
- Usually, if a piece is 50 yards, you can't order 70. You have to order 100
Straight-Grain
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Run parallel to the selvage
-
In woven fabrics, it called the
Wrap
Cross-Grain
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Run perpendicular to the fabric's selvage
-
In woven fabrics, it called the
Weft
Bias
- Diagonal Cut of the fabric
- Always 45 Degrees
- Do not cut at any other angle
Face & Back
- The Front and the back of the fabric
Selvedge
- The finished edge of the fabric
Botton & Top Weight
- Pants & Dress Weight
Basic Categories of Material
Wovens
- Have wrap yarns running along the length and weft yarns running along the cross
Knits
- Loops looped on top of each other; Like Sweater
Nonwovens
- Fibers are tangled together
- Typical Example: Felt, Interfacing
Hides
- Like Leathers where one side is smooth and finished