java中常用的并发工具类

· 1. 等待多线程完成的CountDownLatch

构造函数接收一个int类型的参数作为计数器,如果想等待N个点,就传入N。当调用CountDownLatch的countDown方法时,N就会减一,直至减为零。使用await方法等待,当N的值变为零,执行await的线程继续执行。

public class CountDownTest {

    static CountDownLatch c = new CountDownLatch(2);
    static ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);

    public static void main(String agrs[]){

        pool.execute(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                try {
                    TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(3);
                }catch (InterruptedException e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                System.out.println("This is A");
                c.countDown();
            }
        });


        pool.execute(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                try {
                    TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(3);
                }catch (InterruptedException e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                System.out.println("This is B");
                c.countDown();
            }
        });

        try {
            c.await();
        }catch (InterruptedException e){

        }
        System.out.println("This is main");
    }
}

2. 同步屏障CyclicBarrier

可循环使用的屏障。它要做的事情,让一组线程到达屏障时被阻塞,直到最后一个线程到达屏障时,屏障才会打开,所有被屏障拦截的线程才会继续运行。

默认构造方法CyclicBarrier(int parties),其参数表示屏障拦截的线程数,每个线程调用await方法告诉CyclicBarrier已经到达屏障,然后当前线程阻塞。

public class CylicBarrierTest {

    static CyclicBarrier c = new CyclicBarrier(2);

    static ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);

    public static void main(String args[]){

        pool.execute(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                System.out.println("this is A");
                try {
                    c.await();
                    System.out.println("this is Aa");
                }catch (Exception e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });

        pool.execute(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                System.out.println("this is B");
                try {
                    c.await();
                    System.out.println("this is Bb");
                }catch (Exception e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });

        pool.shutdown();
    }
}

3. CountDownLatch vs CyclicBarrier

CountDownLatch的计数器只使用一次,而CyclicBarrier的计数器可以使用reset方法重置,重复使用

4. 控制线程并发数的信号量 Semaphore

控制有限哥线程使用资源。使用方法 Semaphore ss = new Semaphore(N), N表示最大的并发量,每个线程使用资源前调用ss.acquire()方法获取权限,使用完后调用ss.release()方法释放权限。

5. 线程间的数据交换Exchanger

它提供一个同步点,在这个同步点,两个线程可以交换彼此的数据。

public class ExchangeTest {

    private static final Exchanger<String> exgr = new Exchanger<String>();

    private static ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);

    public static void main(String args[]){


        pool.execute(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                String A = "银行流水A";
                try {
                  A =   exgr.exchange(A);
                    System.out.println("A 当前的值:" + A);
                }catch (InterruptedException e){

                }
            }
        });

        pool.execute(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                String B = "银行流水B";
                try {
                    B = exgr.exchange(B);
                    System.out.println("B 当前的值:" + B);
                }catch (InterruptedException e){

                }
            }
        });

        pool.shutdown();
    }
posted @ 2018-07-26 15:27  蜡笔没了芯  阅读(407)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报