python-2 str

字符串

0x31   ==>  0011 0001    49 
0x41   ==>  0100 0001    65
0x61   ==>  0110 0001    97

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a = 'abc'
a = f'{a}+++'  # 差值 3.6版本以上
a    ## 'abc+++'

range(5)        # 惰性
range(0, 5) 

list(range(5))  # 立即
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]

map(str, range(5))   # 惰性,可迭代对象
<map at 0x14ab30181c8>

b = R'c:\windos\nt'
":".join(b)   # 用 : 连接 b 中的每一个字符  
'c:::\\:w:i:n:d:o:s:\\:n:t'

",".join(map(str, range(5)))    # join后必须是str
'0,1,2,3,4'


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'x     y'.split()  # 至少一个空白字符,如果连续,认作一个,立即返回一个列表
['x', 'y']

'x   \t  \r\n  y'.split() 	
['x', 'y']

'x   \ta \r\n  y'.split('a') 
['x   \t', ' \r\n  y']

'x   \ta \r\n  y'.split('x ') # 不支持正则表达式
['', '  \ta \r\n  y']

"a b c ".rsplit(maxsplit=1)  # 从右边开始切    maxsplit 切几次
['a  b', 'c']

'a\nb\r\nc\rd\te'.split()
['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']

"""\    
a
b
c
""".splitlines()   # 开头三引号后加反斜线 ,否则多切出一段
['a', 'b', 'c']

'a\n\nb\r\n\r\nc\rd\te'.splitlines()
('a', ' ', ' b')

'a     b'.partition('t')    # 特殊例子 切割符	
('a     b', '', '')

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'abc'.upper().lower()    # upper 统一转大写  lower 统一转小写
'abc'

"abC".swapcase()  #大小写转换
'ABc'

str.upper('abc') , 'abc'.upper()
('ABC', 'ABC')

'user-agent'.capitalize()   #  首字母大写
'User-agent'

'user-agent abc'.title() 
'User-Agent Abc'

"abc".center(20,'0')
'00000000abc000000000'

"abc".ljust(20)
'abc                 '

"abc".rjust(20,"0")
'00000000000000000abc'

"abc".zfill(20)
'00000000000000000abc'

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"www.magedu.com".replace('www','abc')
'abc.magedu.com'

'x  y'.replace('  ',' ')
'x y'

'   \n  a bc \t   '.strip() # 默认拿掉字符串两端的所有空白字符
'a bc'

'   \n  a bc \t   '.strip(' ')
'\n  a bc \t'

' \f i am very very very sorry\t\r\n '.strip('\f\t\n\r yiar')
'm very very very so'

' \f i am very very very sorry\t\r\n '.strip('\f\t\n\ryiar')
' \x0c i am very very very sorry\t\r\n '

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'\t a bc\r\ndef bc'.index('bc',5)   # 找不到时,返回ValueError
12

'\t a bc\r\ndef bc'.count('bc')  # 返回找到几个 没找到时返回0 不报错
2

'\t a bc\r\ndef bc'.find('abc')  #  没有找到时,返回 小于零的数
-1

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'%s, %-20d' % (2, 30)
'2, 30                  '

'%05d' % 20   # 编写序号时 补位对齐使用  0(占位符) 5(宽度)
'00020'

'%3.5f' %  (3 ** 0.5 ,)   #  3 控制宽度   .5 控制精度  
'1.73205'

'{0}'.format(list(range(5)))
'[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]'

'{0[4]}'.format(list(range(5)))
'4'

from collections import namedtuple   
Student = namedtuple('Stu','name  age')
tom = Student('tom', 20)
"{}".format(tom)
"Stu(name='tom', age=20)"

"{0.name} is {0.age}".format(tom)   # 不使用
'tom is 20'

"{} is {}".format(tom.name, tom.age, tom)
'tom is 20'

ip = [192, 168, 1, 127]	
"{} {} {} {}".format(*ip)  # *ip 192, 168, 1, 127
'192 168 1 127'

"{:x} {{{}}}   {:#x} {:#X}".format(*ip) 
'c0 {168}  0x1 0X7F'

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x = 2 ** 0.5 
"{}".format(x)
'1.4142135623730951'

"{:.3f}".format(x)
'1.414'

"{:^20.2}".format(x)
'        1.4         '

"{:*^20.2}".format(x)
'********1.4*********'

"{:4.4%}".format(x)
'141.4214%'

"{:e}".format(x)
'1.414214e+00'

"{:2}".format(x)
'1.4142135623730951'

"{:.2}".format(x)
'1.4'

posted @ 2022-04-22 09:50  何时&明月  阅读(47)  评论(0)    收藏  举报