What is PL/SQL?(PL/SQL是什么,与T-SQL对比)

PL/SQL:ORACLE对标准SQL语言的扩展   
   
T-SQL:MSSQL对标准SQL语言的扩展  

 

英文定义：In Oracle database management, PL/SQL is a procedural language extension to Structured Query Language (SQL). The purpose of PL/SQL is to combine database language and procedural programming language. The basic unit in PL/SQL is called a block, which is made up of three parts: a declarative part, an executable part, and an exception-building part.

Because PL/SQL allows you to mix SQL statements with procedural constructs, it is possible to use PL/SQL blocks and subprograms to group SQL statements before sending them to Oracle for execution. Without PL/SQL, Oracle must process SQL statements one at a time and, in a network environment, this can affect traffic flow and slow down response time. PL/SQL blocks can be compiled once and stored in executable form to improve response time.

A PL/SQL program that is stored in a database in compiled form and can be called by name is referred to as a stored procedure. A PL/SQL stored procedure that is implicitly started when an INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement is issued against an associated table is called a trigger.

 

  解释1：SQL是结构化查询语言，比较接近自然语言，使用SQL，只需要说干什么，不需要说怎么干。由数据定义语言、数据操纵语言、数据控制语言构成，它不面向过程，即前一条语句与后一条语句无关。     
  PL/SQL，Oracle对SQL标准的扩充，增加了面向过程的功能，所以可以用来编写存储过程、存储函数、触发器等等。  

解释2：pl/sql被称为块结构化语言,pl/sql块是pl/sql语言基本单位，其中可能包含程序代码，变量声明，异常处理，过程，函数甚至包含其他的pl/sql块。是sql的扩充

 

解释3：SQL是结构化查询语言,是标准的,PL/SQL是oracle的扩展,在标准SQL中加入了IF...ELSE...   For....等控制过程的SQL  

解释4：SQL是一种访问关系数据库的结构化查询语言.SQL是第四代语言(4GL).这意味着它描述的是应该做什么,而不是怎么做.  
        第三代语言(3GL),如C,COBOL,在本质上就更过程化.它们在解决问题时实现的是一步接一步的是算法.  
        PL/SQL相当于将SQL(4GL)的强大和灵活和3GL的过程性结构相结合.  
        PL/SQL是Procedural   Language/SQL的缩写,它通过增加了用在其他过程性语言中的结构来对SQL进行了扩展.