linux下搭建gitlab

1.背景

在学习Gitlab的环境搭建之前，首先需要了解Git，Gitlab，GitHub他们三者之间的关系

Git 它是一个源代码版本控制系统，可让您在本地跟踪更改并从远程资源推送或提取更改。
GitHub 是一项公开可用的免费服务，它要求所有代码(除非您有付费帐户)公开。 任何人都可以看到您推送给GitHub的代码并提供改进建议。
GitLab是一种类似github的服务，组织可以使用它来提供git存储库的内部管理。 它是一个自我托管的Git-repository管理系统，可以保持用户代码的私密性，并且可以轻松地部署代码的更改。

简单来说，github是全世界最大的开源的gay友平台，适合免费公开的代码。gitlab是搭建本公司的代码管理平台，适合私有的平台代码管理。
因为本公司的代码不想被其它人看到，这就需要搭建一个本公司的gitlab平台，供公司内部人员使用。

环境准备：centos 7  、gitlab 10

2.安装依赖包

GitLab 10.x之后添加多了一些依赖，并且要启动sshd服务，所以我们先添加依赖，启动sshd，为防火墙添加服务

sudo yum install -y curl policycoreutils-python openssh-server openssh-clients 
sudo systemctl enable sshd 
sudo systemctl start sshd  

postfix的产生是为了替代传统的sendmail.相较于sendmail,postfix在速度。性能和稳定性上都更胜一筹。所以我们这里选择postfix来配置发送邮件

先安装postfix（用于邮件通知）

yum -y install postfix

安装完之后，启动postfix

systemctl start postfix

[root@xiaoxiao ~]# systemctl start postfix
Job for postfix.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status postfix.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
[root@xiaoxiao ~]# 

启动过程中报错，error code

解决办法，vim打开/etc/postfix/main.cf，修改如下两项,修改之前可以先备份下

 

 

 改成：

inet_interfaces = all
inet_protocols = ipv4

再次启动和查看状态：running代表启动成功

 

 

3.添加GitLab镜像源并安装gitlab服务器

centos 7系统的下载地址:https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gitlab-ce/yum/el7

1.添加gitlab镜像

wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gitlab-ce/yum/el7/gitlab-ce-10.0.0-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm

[root@xiaoxiao ~]# wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gitlab-ce/yum/el7/gitlab-ce-10.0.0-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm
--2020-04-03 09:40:28--  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gitlab-ce/yum/el7/gitlab-ce-10.0.0-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm
Resolving mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn (mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn)... 101.6.8.193, 2402:f000:1:408:8100::1
Connecting to mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn (mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn)|101.6.8.193|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 359519811 (343M) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
Saving to: ‘gitlab-ce-10.0.0-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm’

100%[======================================>] 359,519,811 12.7MB/s   in 31s    

2020-04-03 09:40:59 (11.0 MB/s) - ‘gitlab-ce-10.0.0-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm’ saved [359519811/359519811]

[root@xiaoxiao ~]# mkdir /usr/local/gitlab
[root@xiaoxiao ~]# mv gitlab-ce-10.0.0-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm /usr/local/gitlab/
[root@xiaoxiao ~]# cd /usr/local/gitlab/
[root@xiaoxiao gitlab]# rpm -i gitlab-ce-10.0.0-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: gitlab-ce-10.0.0-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID f27eab47: NOKEY
It looks like GitLab has not been configured yet; skipping the upgrade script.

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      ***                 ***
     *****               *****
    .******             *******
    ********            ********
   ,,,,,,,,,***********,,,,,,,,,
  ,,,,,,,,,,,*********,,,,,,,,,,,
  .,,,,,,,,,,,*******,,,,,,,,,,,,
      ,,,,,,,,,*****,,,,,,,,,.
         ,,,,,,,****,,,,,,
            .,,,***,,,,
                ,*,.
  


     _______ __  __          __
    / ____(_) /_/ /   ____ _/ /_
   / / __/ / __/ /   / __ \`/ __ \
  / /_/ / / /_/ /___/ /_/ / /_/ /
  \____/_/\__/_____/\__,_/_.___/
  

Thank you for installing GitLab!
GitLab was unable to detect a valid hostname for your instance.
Please configure a URL for your GitLab instance by setting `external_url`
configuration in /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb file.
Then, you can start your GitLab instance by running the following command:
  sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure

For a comprehensive list of configuration options please see the Omnibus GitLab readme
https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/omnibus-gitlab/blob/master/README.md

[root@xiaoxiao gitlab]#

4.配置并启动gitlab-ce

gitlab安装完成后，需要设置一个访问地址（或域名），打开/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb，将默认的external_url = 'http://git.example.com'修改为自己的IP地址:http://xxx.xx.xxx.xx

vim /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb

 

 

修改成自己定义的url地址，端口自己设置一个，别和已有的冲突了，external_url 'http://xxx.xxx.240:8100'

修改完成后：wq保存退出，执行以下命令，让配置生效:

gitlab-ctl reconfigure

[root@xiaoxiao gitlab]# gitlab-ctl reconfigure
......
Recipe: gitlab::postgres-exporter
* service[postgres-exporter] action restart
- restart service service[postgres-exporter]
* ruby_block[reload postgres-exporter svlogd configuration] action create
- execute the ruby block reload postgres-exporter svlogd configuration

Running handlers:
Running handlers complete
Chef Client finished, 360/515 resources updated in 02 minutes 04 seconds
gitlab Reconfigured!

启动gitlab

gitlab-ctl start

[root@xiaoxiao gitlab]# gitlab-ctl start
ok: run: gitaly: (pid 23392) 169s
ok: run: gitlab-monitor: (pid 23431) 168s
ok: run: gitlab-workhorse: (pid 23406) 168s
ok: run: logrotate: (pid 23057) 211s
ok: run: nginx: (pid 23035) 213s
ok: run: node-exporter: (pid 23092) 205s
ok: run: postgres-exporter: (pid 23488) 166s
ok: run: postgresql: (pid 22760) 270s
ok: run: prometheus: (pid 24737) 0s
ok: run: redis: (pid 22700) 278s
ok: run: redis-exporter: (pid 23171) 199s
ok: run: sidekiq: (pid 22936) 229s
ok: run: unicorn: (pid 22898) 231s
[root@xiaoxiao gitlab]#

启动完成后，在浏览器输入http://xxx.xx.xx.240:8100,就是gitlab的登录首页了

 

 

 

5.gitlab配置查看

gitlab的配置主要是etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb下的两个地方

external_url 'http://47.104.x.x:8100'

unicorn['port'] = 8101

 

 

 查看更多配置信息可以，在/opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/config/gitlab.yml查看具体的详情

## GitLab settings
  gitlab:
    ## Web server settings (note: host is the FQDN, do not include http://)
    host: xx.xx.xx.240
    port: 8100
    https: false

 

 6.相关操作

启动服务:gitlab-ctl start
查看状态:gitlab-ctl status
停掉服务:gitlab-ctl stop
重启服务:gitlab-ctl restart
让配置生效:gitlab-ctl reconfigure