结构体

C 结构体

C 数组允许定义可存储相同类型数据项的变量，结构是 C 编程中另一种用户自定义的可用的数据类型，它允许您存储不同类型的数据项。

结构用于表示一条记录，假设您想要跟踪图书馆中书本的动态，您可能需要跟踪每本书的下列属性：

• Title
• Author
• Subject
• Book ID

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

// 结构体，相当于Java中的Class
struct Books
{
	// Books的属性
	char title[ 50 ];
	char author[ 50 ];
	char subject[ 100 ];
	int bookId;
};

int main()
{
	// 声明结构体
	struct Books Book1;
	struct Books Book2;

	/* 定义结构体 */
	// Book1
	strcpy(Book1.title, "C Programming");
	strcpy(Book1.author, "Nuha Ali");
	strcpy(Book1.subject, "C Programming Tutorial");
	Book1.bookId = 6379;

	// Book2
	strcpy(Book2.title, "Telecom Billing");
	strcpy(Book2.author, "Zara Ali");
	strcpy(Book2.subject, "Telecom Billing Tutorial");
	Book2.bookId = 6380;

	// 输出Book1和Book2的信息
	printf("*********************** Book1 **********************\n");
	printf("Book1.title：\t %s \n", Book1.title);
	printf("Book1.author：\t %s \n", Book1.author);
	printf("Book1.subject：\t %s \n", Book1.subject);
	printf("Book1.bookId：\t %d \n\n", Book1.bookId);

	printf("*********************** Book2 **********************\n");
	printf("Book2.title：\t %s \n", Book2.title);
	printf("Book2.author：\t %s \n", Book2.author);
	printf("Book2.subject：\t %s \n", Book2.subject);
	printf("Book2.bookId：\t %d \n", Book2.bookId);

	// 结束main函数
	return 0;
}

 

结构作为函数参数

 

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

// 结构体，相当于Java中的Class
struct Books
{
	// Books的属性
	char title[ 50 ];
	char author[ 50 ];
	char subject[ 100 ];
	int bookId;
};

// 函数声明：结构体入参
void printBook(struct Books book);

int main()
{
	// 声明结构体
	struct Books Book1;
	struct Books Book2;

	/* 定义结构体 */
	// Book1
	strcpy(Book1.title, "C Programming");
	strcpy(Book1.author, "Nuha Ali");
	strcpy(Book1.subject, "C Programming Tutorial");
	Book1.bookId = 6379;

	// Book2
	strcpy(Book2.title, "Telecom Billing");
	strcpy(Book2.author, "Zara Ali");
	strcpy(Book2.subject, "Telecom Billing Tutorial");
	Book2.bookId = 6380;

	// 输出Book1和Book2的信息
	printf("*********************** Book1 **********************\n");
	printBook(Book1);

	printf("*********************** Book2 **********************\n");
	printBook(Book2);

	// 结束main函数
	return 0;
}

// 函数定义
void printBook(struct Books book)
{
	printf("Book.title：\t %s \n", book.title);
	printf("Book.author：\t %s \n", book.author);
	printf("Book.subject：\t %s \n", book.subject);
	printf("Book.bookId：\t %d \n\n", book.bookId);
}

 

指向结构的指针

 

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

// 结构体，相当于Java中的Class
struct Books
{
	// Books的属性
	char title[ 50 ];
	char author[ 50 ];
	char subject[ 100 ];
	int bookId;
};

// 函数声明：结构体指针形式入参
void printBook(struct Books *book);

int main()
{
	// 声明结构体
	struct Books Book1;
	struct Books Book2;

	/* 定义结构体 */
	// Book1
	strcpy(Book1.title, "C Programming");
	strcpy(Book1.author, "Nuha Ali");
	strcpy(Book1.subject, "C Programming Tutorial");
	Book1.bookId = 6379;

	// Book2
	strcpy(Book2.title, "Telecom Billing");
	strcpy(Book2.author, "Zara Ali");
	strcpy(Book2.subject, "Telecom Billing Tutorial");
	Book2.bookId = 6380;

	// 输出Book1和Book2的信息
	printf("*********************** Book1 **********************\n");
	printBook(&Book1);

	printf("*********************** Book2 **********************\n");
	printBook(&Book2);

	// 结束main函数
	return 0;
}

// 函数定义
void printBook(struct Books *book)
{
	printf("Book.title：\t %s \n", book->title);
	printf("Book.author：\t %s \n", book->author);
	printf("Book.subject：\t %s \n", book->subject);
	printf("Book.bookId：\t %d \n\n", book->bookId);
}