curl用法指南

目录

• 1、常用指令
  • 1.1、指定请求方式
  • 1.2、指定请头
• 2、示例
  • 2.1、使用GET请求
  • 2.2、使用POST请求发送表单数据
  • 2.3、使用POST请求上传文件
  • 2.4、使用POST请求发送JSON数据
  • 2.5、使用POST请求发送XML数据
  • 2.6、使用PUT请求发送JSON数据
  • 2.7、使用DELETE请求
• 3、相关资料

1、常用指令

1.1、指定请求方式

       -X, --request <command>
              (HTTP)  Specifies  a  custom request method to use when communicating with the HTTP
              server.  The specified request will be used instead of the  method  otherwise  used
              (which  defaults  to GET). Read the HTTP 1.1 specification for details and explana‐
              tions. Common additional HTTP requests include PUT and DELETE,  but  related  tech‐
              nologies like WebDAV offers PROPFIND, COPY, MOVE and more.

              Normally  you don't need this option. All sorts of GET, HEAD, POST and PUT requests
              are rather invoked by using dedicated command line options.

              This option only changes the actual word used in the  HTTP  request,  it  does  not
              alter  the  way  curl  behaves.  So  for  example if you want to make a proper HEAD
              request, using -X HEAD will not suffice. You need to use the -I, --head option.

              (FTP) Specifies a custom FTP command to use instead of LIST when doing  file  lists
              with FTP.

              If this option is used several times, the last one will be used.

使用--request或者简写-X，后面跟请求方式GET、POST、PUT、DELETE等。

1.2、指定请头

       -H, --header <header>
              (HTTP) Extra header to use when getting a web page. You may specify any  number  of
              extra  headers.  Note that if you should add a custom header that has the same name
              as one of the internal ones curl would use, your externally set header will be used
              instead  of the internal one. This allows you to make even trickier stuff than curl
              would normally do. You should not replace internally set  headers  without  knowing
              perfectly well what you're doing. Remove an internal header by giving a replacement
              without content on the right side of the colon, as in: -H "Host:". If you send  the
              custom  header  with  no-value then its header must be terminated with a semicolon,
              such as -H "X-Custom-Header;" to send "X-Custom-Header:".

              curl will make sure that each header you add/replace is sent with the  proper  end-
              of-line  marker,  you  should thus not add that as a part of the header content: do
              not add newlines or carriage returns, they will only mess things up for you.

              See also the -A, --user-agent and -e, --referer options.

              This option can be used multiple times to add/replace/remove multiple headers.

使用--header或者简写-H。

2、示例

2.1、使用GET请求

curl --request GET 'https://www.baidu.com?id=1' \
--header 'Accept: application/json'

2.2、使用POST请求发送表单数据

curl --request POST 'https://www.baidu.com' \
--header 'Accept: application/json' \
--header 'Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded' \
--data-urlencode 'name=Jobs' \
--data-urlencode 'age=50'

2.3、使用POST请求上传文件

curl --request POST 'https://www.baidu.com' \
--header 'Accept: application/json' \
--header 'Content-Type: multipart/form-data' \
--form 'name="Jobs"' \
--form 'age="50"' \
--form 'file=@"/E:/demo.xls"'

2.4、使用POST请求发送JSON数据

curl --request POST 'https://www.baidu.com' \
--header 'Accept: application/json' \
--header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
--data-raw '{
    "name": "Jobs",
    "age": 50
}'

2.5、使用POST请求发送XML数据

curl --request POST 'https://www.baidu.com' \
--header 'Accept: application/xml' \
--header 'Content-Type: application/xml' \
--data-raw '<data>
    <name>Jobs</name>
    <age>90</age>
</data>'

2.6、使用PUT请求发送JSON数据

curl --request PUT 'https://www.baidu.com' \
--header 'Accept: application/json' \
--header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
--data-raw '{
    "name": "Jobs",
    "age": 50,
    "id": 1
}'

2.7、使用DELETE请求

curl --request DELETE 'https://www.baidu.com?id=1' \
--header 'Accept: application/json'

3、相关资料

curl网站开发指南
curl的用法指南