1049 Counting Ones (30分)【找规律】

1049 Counting Ones (30分)

The task is simple: given any positive integer N, you are supposed to count the total number of 1's in the decimal form of the integers from 1 to N. For example, given N being 12, there are five 1's in 1, 10, 11, and 12.

Input Specification:

Each input file contains one test case which gives the positive N (≤2​30​​).

Output Specification:

For each test case, print the number of 1's in one line.

Sample Input:

12

Sample Output:

5

解题思路:

 给出一个数字n(n\leq 2^{30}),要你求1~n的所有数字中出现1的个数。我们肯定不能列举1到n的所有数来判断1的个数,这样一定会超时。我们可以通过以下规律来进行计算:

1.假设我们需要计算的数为n,且是一个m位的数,从低到高枚举n的每一位,对每一位计算1~n中该位为1的数的个数。

2.设当前处理至k位,,那么记left为第k位的高位所表示的数,now为第k位的数,right为第k位的低位所表示的数,然后根据当前第k位(now)的情况分为三类讨论:

①若now==0,则ans+=left*a。

②若now==1,则ans+=left*a+right+1。

③若now>=2,则ans+=(left+1)*a。

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	int n, a = 1, ans = 0;
	int left, now, right;
	cin >> n;
	while (n / a != 0)
	{
		left = n / (a * 10);
		now = n / a % 10;
		right = n%a;
		if (now == 0)
			ans += left*a;
		else if (now == 1)
			ans += left*a + right + 1;
		else ans += (left + 1)*a;
		a *= 10;
	}
	cout << ans << endl;
	return 0;
}

 

posted @ 2020-04-13 16:07  Hu_YaYa  阅读(11)  评论(0)    收藏  举报