Java NIO （四） 选择器（Selector）

Java NIO （四） 选择器（Selector）

选择器（Selector） 是 SelectableChannle 对象的多路复用器，Selector 可以同时监控多个 SelectableChannel 的 IO 状况，也就是说，利用 Selector可使一个单独的线程管理多个 Channel，selector 是非阻塞 IO 的核心。

SelectableChannle 的继承树如下图：

选择器（Selector）的应用：

当通道使用register（Selector sel, int ops）方法将通道注册选择器时，选择器对通道事件进行监听，通过第二个参数指定监听的事件类型。

其中可监听的事件类型包括以下：

　　读 : SelectionKey.OP_READ （1）

　　写 : SelectionKey.OP_WRITE （4）

　　连接 : SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT （8）

　　接收 : SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT （16）

如果需要监听多个事件是：

　　int key = SelectionKey.OP_READ | SelectionKey.OP_WRITE ; //表示同时监听读写操作

如何应用请看代码：

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;

/**
* Created by 58 on 2016/11/28.
*/
public class SelectorServer {
public static void main(String args[]){
startServer();
}
public static ByteBuffer sendBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
public static ByteBuffer receiveBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);

public static void startServer(){
//用两个channel监听两个端口
int listenPort = 8888;
int listenPort1 = 8889;
sendBuffer.put("message from server".getBytes());

try {
//创建serverchannel，绑定对应的端口
ServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
ServerSocket serverSocket = serverSocketChannel.socket();
InetSocketAddress inetSocketAddress = new InetSocketAddress(listenPort);
serverSocket.bind(inetSocketAddress);

//创建第二个channel
ServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel1 = ServerSocketChannel.open();
ServerSocket serverSocket1 = serverSocketChannel1.socket();
InetSocketAddress inetSocketAddress1 = new InetSocketAddress(listenPort1);
serverSocket1.bind(inetSocketAddress1);

//创建selector对象
Selector selector = Selector.open();

//设置channel注册到selector中
serverSocketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
serverSocketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);

//第二个channel
serverSocketChannel1.configureBlocking(false);
serverSocketChannel1.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);

System.out.println("start to listen port: " + listenPort);
System.out.println("start to listen port: " + listenPort1);

//监听端口
while(true){
int readyChannels = selector.select();
if(readyChannels == 0)
continue;
Set<SelectionKey> selectedKeys = selector.selectedKeys();
Iterator<SelectionKey> iterator = selectedKeys.iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()){
SelectionKey selectionKey = iterator.next();
dealSelectionKey(selector, selectionKey);

iterator.remove();
}//while
}//while

} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

public static void dealSelectionKey(Selector selector, SelectionKey selectionKey){
try{
//准备好接收新的连接
if(selectionKey.isAcceptable()){
ServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel = (ServerSocketChannel) selectionKey.channel();
SocketChannel clientSocketChannel = serverSocketChannel.accept();
clientSocketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
clientSocketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ | SelectionKey.OP_WRITE);
System.out.println("channel is ready acceptable");
}
else if(selectionKey.isConnectable()){
selectionKey.channel().register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
System.out.println("channel is connectable.");
}
else if(selectionKey.isReadable()){
//读去客户端内容
SocketChannel clientSocketChannel = (SocketChannel) selectionKey.channel();
receiveBuffer.clear();
clientSocketChannel.read(receiveBuffer);
selectionKey.interestOps(SelectionKey.OP_WRITE);
System.out.println("message from client is: " + new String(receiveBuffer.array()));
System.out.println("Thread id : " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
}
else if(selectionKey.isWritable()){
//向客户端写数据
SocketChannel clientSocketChannel = (SocketChannel) selectionKey.channel();
sendBuffer.flip();
System.out.println("sendBuffer = " + new String(sendBuffer.array()));
clientSocketChannel.write(sendBuffer);
selectionKey.interestOps(SelectionKey.OP_READ);
System.out.println("channle is writable.");
}//else if
}catch (Exception e){

}
}
}

 

client:

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;

/**
* Created by 58 on 2016/11/28.
*/
public class SelectorClient {
public static void main(String args[]){
work();
}

public static void work(){
int serverPort = 8888;
ByteBuffer sendBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap("client message".getBytes());
ByteBuffer receiveBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
try {
//创建通道，设置通道注册到selector中
SocketChannel socketChannel = SocketChannel.open();
Selector selector = Selector.open();

socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
socketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_WRITE | SelectionKey.OP_READ | SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT);
socketChannel.connect(new InetSocketAddress("localhost", serverPort));
int executeTimes = 2;
//while
while(executeTimes > 0){
executeTimes--;
int reayChannelNum = selector.select();
if(reayChannelNum == 0){
continue;
}
Set<SelectionKey> setOfSelectionKey = selector.selectedKeys();
Iterator<SelectionKey> iterator = setOfSelectionKey.iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()){
SelectionKey selectionKey = iterator.next();
SocketChannel socketChannel1 = (SocketChannel) selectionKey.channel();
iterator.remove();
if(selectionKey.isConnectable()){
if(socketChannel1.isConnectionPending()){
socketChannel1.finishConnect();
System.out.println("connection complete.");
socketChannel1.write(sendBuffer);
}
}//if isConnectable
else if(selectionKey.isReadable()){
receiveBuffer.clear();
socketChannel1.read(receiveBuffer);
receiveBuffer.flip();
System.out.println("message from server: " + new String(receiveBuffer.array()));

}//else if readable
else if(selectionKey.isWritable()){
sendBuffer.flip();
socketChannel1.write(sendBuffer);
}
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

NIO的非阻塞性：

nio的非阻塞是对于网络通道来说的，需要使用Channel.configureBlocking(false)来设置通道为非阻塞的，如果没设置，默认是阻塞的。