分治法:用C#实现归并排序
根据《算法设计与分析基础》中对归并排序的描述,写了一分C#代码实现。
具体的实现代码如下:
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using System;
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using System.Collections.Generic;
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using System.Text;
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namespace MergeSort
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{
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class Program
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{
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static void Main(string[] args)
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{
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Program p = new Program();
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int[] a = new int[] { 4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 6, 0, -5, 1, 1 };
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p.Sort(a);
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for (int i = 0; i < a.Length; i++)
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{
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System.Console.WriteLine(a[i]);
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}
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// 利用归并排序按由下到大的顺序排序
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="toBeSort"></param>
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/// <returns></returns>
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public int[] Sort(int[] toBeSort)
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{
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if (toBeSort.Length == 0)
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{
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throw new Exception("Sort array Error!");
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}
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if (toBeSort.Length > 1)
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{
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int[] part1 = Sort(get1Part(toBeSort));
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int[] part2 = Sort(get2Part(toBeSort));
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merger(part1, part2, toBeSort);
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}
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return toBeSort;
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// 将part1和part2按照由小到大的顺序归并到数组toBeSort中
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="part1"></param>
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/// <param name="part2"></param>
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/// <param name="toBeSort"></param>
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private void merger(int[] part1, int[] part2, int[] toBeSort)
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{
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int index = 0;
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int i1 = 0;
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int i2 = 0;
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while (i1 < part1.Length && i2 < part2.Length)
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{
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if (part1[i1] < part2[i2])
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{
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toBeSort[index] = part1[i1];
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i1++;
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}
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else
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{
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toBeSort[index] = part2[i2];
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i2++;
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}
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index++;
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}
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while (i1 < part1.Length)
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{
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toBeSort[index] = part1[i1];
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index++;
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i1++;
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}
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while (i2 < part2.Length)
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{
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toBeSort[index] = part2[i2];
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index++;
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i2++;
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}
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Get the second part of the array.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="toBeSort">The array to be sort.</param>
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/// <returns>The second part of the array.</returns>
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private int[] get2Part(int[] toBeSort)
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{
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int len = toBeSort.Length - toBeSort.Length / 2;
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int[] part2 = new int[len];
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Array.Copy(toBeSort, toBeSort.Length / 2, part2, 0, len);
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return part2;
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// Get the first part of the array.
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/// </summary>
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/// <param name="toBeSort">The array to be sort.</param>
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/// <returns>The first part of the array.</returns>
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private int[] get1Part(int[] toBeSort)
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{
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int len = toBeSort.Length / 2;
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int[] part1 = new int[len];
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Array.Copy(toBeSort, part1, len);
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return part1;
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}
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}
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}
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using System;2
using System.Collections.Generic;3
using System.Text;4

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namespace MergeSort6
{7
class Program8
{9
static void Main(string[] args)10
{11
Program p = new Program();12

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int[] a = new int[] { 4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 6, 0, -5, 1, 1 };14

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p.Sort(a);16

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for (int i = 0; i < a.Length; i++)18
{19
System.Console.WriteLine(a[i]);20
}21
}22

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/// <summary>24
/// 利用归并排序按由下到大的顺序排序25
/// </summary>26
/// <param name="toBeSort"></param>27
/// <returns></returns>28
public int[] Sort(int[] toBeSort)29
{30
if (toBeSort.Length == 0)31
{32
throw new Exception("Sort array Error!");33
}34

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if (toBeSort.Length > 1)36
{37
int[] part1 = Sort(get1Part(toBeSort));38
int[] part2 = Sort(get2Part(toBeSort));39

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merger(part1, part2, toBeSort);41
}42

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return toBeSort;44
}45

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/// <summary>47
/// 将part1和part2按照由小到大的顺序归并到数组toBeSort中48
/// </summary>49
/// <param name="part1"></param>50
/// <param name="part2"></param>51
/// <param name="toBeSort"></param>52
private void merger(int[] part1, int[] part2, int[] toBeSort)53
{54
int index = 0;55
int i1 = 0;56
int i2 = 0;57

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while (i1 < part1.Length && i2 < part2.Length)59
{60
if (part1[i1] < part2[i2])61
{62
toBeSort[index] = part1[i1];63
i1++;64
}65
else66
{67
toBeSort[index] = part2[i2];68
i2++;69
}70

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index++;72
}73

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while (i1 < part1.Length)75
{76
toBeSort[index] = part1[i1];77
index++;78
i1++;79
}80

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while (i2 < part2.Length)82
{83
toBeSort[index] = part2[i2];84
index++;85
i2++;86
}87
}88

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/// <summary>90
/// Get the second part of the array.91
/// </summary>92
/// <param name="toBeSort">The array to be sort.</param>93
/// <returns>The second part of the array.</returns>94
private int[] get2Part(int[] toBeSort)95
{96
int len = toBeSort.Length - toBeSort.Length / 2;97
int[] part2 = new int[len];98

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Array.Copy(toBeSort, toBeSort.Length / 2, part2, 0, len);100

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return part2;102
}103

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/// <summary>105
/// Get the first part of the array.106
/// </summary>107
/// <param name="toBeSort">The array to be sort.</param>108
/// <returns>The first part of the array.</returns>109
private int[] get1Part(int[] toBeSort)110
{111
int len = toBeSort.Length / 2;112
int[] part1 = new int[len];113
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Array.Copy(toBeSort, part1, len);115

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return part1;117
}118
}119
}120

对于分治法的效率分析,有一个通用的公示可以使用:通用分治递推公式。


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