深入拆解Java虚拟机+0001
在前面的文章中，我曾使用了不少工具来辅助讲解，也收到了不少同学留言，说不了解这些工具，不知道都有什么用，应该怎么用。那么今天我便统一做一次具体的介绍。本篇代码较多，你可以点击文稿查看。
javap：查阅Java字节码
javap是一个能够将class文件反汇编成人类可读格式的工具。在本专栏中，我们经常借助这个工具来查阅Java字节码。
举个例子，在讲解异常处理那一篇中，我曾经展示过这么一段代码。
public class Foo {
private int tryBlock;
private int catchBlock;
private int finallyBlock;
private int methodExit;
public void test() {
try {
tryBlock = 0;
} catch (Exception e) {
catchBlock = 1;
} finally {
finallyBlock = 2;
}
methodExit = 3;
}
}
编译过后，我们便可以使用javap来查阅Foo.test方法的字节码。
$ javac Foo.java
$ javap -p -v Foo
Classfile ../Foo.class
Last modified ..; size 541 bytes
MD5 checksum 3828cdfbba56fea1da6c8d94fd13b20d
Compiled from "Foo.java"
public class Foo
minor version: 0
major version: 54
flags: (0x0021) ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_SUPER
this_class: #7 // Foo
super_class: #8 // java/lang/Object
interfaces: 0, fields: 4, methods: 2, attributes: 1
Constant pool:
#1 = Methodref #8.#23 // java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
#2 = Fieldref #7.#24 // Foo.tryBlock:I
#3 = Fieldref #7.#25 // Foo.finallyBlock:I
#4 = Class #26 // java/lang/Exception
#5 = Fieldref #7.#27 // Foo.catchBlock:I
#6 = Fieldref #7.#28 // Foo.methodExit:I
#7 = Class #29 // Foo
#8 = Class #30 // java/lang/Object
#9 = Utf8 tryBlock
#10 = Utf8 I
#11 = Utf8 catchBlock
#12 = Utf8 finallyBlock
#13 = Utf8 methodExit
#14 = Utf8 <init>
#15 = Utf8 ()V
#16 = Utf8 Code
#17 = Utf8 LineNumberTable
#18 = Utf8 test
#19 = Utf8 StackMapTable
#20 = Class #31 // java/lang/Throwable
#21 = Utf8 SourceFile
#22 = Utf8 Foo.java
#23 = NameAndType #14:#15 // "<init>":()V
#24 = NameAndType #9:#10 // tryBlock:I
#25 = NameAndType #12:#10 // finallyBlock:I
#26 = Utf8 java/lang/Exception
#27 = NameAndType #11:#10 // catchBlock:I
#28 = NameAndType #13:#10 // methodExit:I
#29 = Utf8 Foo
#30 = Utf8 java/lang/Object
#31 = Utf8 java/lang/Throwable
{
private int tryBlock;
descriptor: I
flags: (0x0002) ACC_PRIVATE
private int catchBlock;
descriptor: I
flags: (0x0002) ACC_PRIVATE
private int finallyBlock;
descriptor: I
flags: (0x0002) ACC_PRIVATE
private int methodExit;
descriptor: I
flags: (0x0002) ACC_PRIVATE
public Foo();
descriptor: ()V
flags: (0x0001) ACC_PUBLIC
Code:
stack=1, locals=1, args_size=1
0: aload_0
1: invokespecial #1 // Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
4: return
LineNumberTable:
line 1: 0
public void test();
descriptor: ()V
flags: (0x0001) ACC_PUBLIC
Code:
stack=2, locals=3, args_size=1
0: aload_0
1: iconst_0
2: putfield #2 // Field tryBlock:I
5: aload_0
6: iconst_2
7: putfield #3 // Field finallyBlock:I
10: goto 35
13: astore_1
14: aload_0
15: iconst_1
16: putfield #5 // Field catchBlock:I
19: aload_0
20: iconst_2
21: putfield #3 // Field finallyBlock:I
24: goto 35
27: astore_2
28: aload_0
29: iconst_2
30: putfield #3 // Field finallyBlock:I
33: aload_2
34: athrow
35: aload_0
36: iconst_3
37: putfield #6 // Field methodExit:I
40: return
Exception table:
from to target type
0 5 13 Class java/lang/Exception
0 5 27 any
13 19 27 any
LineNumberTable:
line 9: 0
line 13: 5
line 14: 10
line 10: 13
line 11: 14
line 13: 19
line 14: 24
line 13: 27
line 14: 33
line 15: 35
line 16: