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Flow Control and Window Management Every TCP segment (except those exchanged during connection establishment) includes a valid Sequence Number field, 阅读全文
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Introduction An “interactive” TCP connection is one in which user input such as keystrokes, short messages, or joystick/mouse movements need to be del 阅读全文
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Destination Metrics Repacketization When TCP times out and retransmits, it does not have to retransmit the identi- cal segment. Instead, TCP is allowe 阅读全文
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Spurious Timeouts and Retransmissions Under a number of circumstances, TCP may initiate a retransmission even when no data has been lost. Such undesir 阅读全文
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Example The first line of Figure 14-7 (number 40) indicates the first time ACK 23801 is received The window update at time 0.853 is an ACK with a dupl 阅读全文
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Retransmission Ambiguity and Karn’s Algorithm A problem measuring an RTT sample can occur when a packet is retransmitted. Say a packet is transmitted, 阅读全文
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TCP has two separate mechanisms for accomplishing retransmission, one based on time and one based on the structure of the acknowledgments. The second 阅读全文
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TCP Server Operation In particular, we wish to become familiar with how TCP servers use port numbers and how multiple concurrent clients are handled. 阅读全文
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Reset Segments A segment hav- ing this bit set to “on” is called a “reset segment” or simply a “reset.” In general, a reset is sent by TCP whenever a 阅读全文
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When initialized, TCP starts in the CLOSED state. Usually an imme- diate transition takes it to either the SYN_SENT or LISTEN state, depending on whet 阅读全文