Centos 5.4 +PHP5.2+Mysql5.1+Nginx0.8 - 付莹

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一、升级程序

yum -y install yum-fastestmirror
yum -y update
yum -y install patch make gcc gcc-c++ gcc-g77 flex bison
yum -y install libtool libtool-libs kernel-devel autoconf
yum -y install libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel
yum -y install freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel
yum -y install glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 diff*
yum -y install bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs
yum -y install e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel
yum -y install openssl openssl-devel vim-minimal
yum -y install fonts-chinese scim-chewing scim-pinyin scim-tables-chinese

三、开始安装,先安装PHP需要的库程序

tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz

cd libiconv-1.13.1/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/

./configure

make

make install

/sbin/ldconfig

cd libltdl/

./configure --enable-ltdl-install

make

make install

cd http://www.cnblogs.com/

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

cd mhash-0.9.9.9/

./configure

make

make install

cd ../

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1
ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

cd mcrypt-2.6.8/

./configure

make

make install

cd ../

四、安装mysql

tar -zxvf mysql-5.1.44.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.1.44

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile

make && make install

cd ../

2-1、创建MySQL数据库,用默认的配置my.cnf

groupadd mysql

useradd -g mysql mysql

cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/var

chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/.

2-2、添加Mysql启动服务,并且设置root密码

cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysql

chkconfig --level 345 mysql on

echo "/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql" >> /etc/ld.so.conf

echo "/usr/local/lib" >>/etc/ld.so.conf

ldconfig

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/mysql /usr/include/mysql

service mysql start

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password root //root改为你需要的密码

service mysql restart

五、安装PHP（FastCGI模式）

tar zxvf php-5.2.13.tar.gz

gzip -cd php-5.2.13-fpm-0.5.13.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.13 -p1

cd php-5.2.13/

./buildconf --force

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --enable-ftp
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'

==================================================================
Installing PEAR environment:      /usr/local/php/lib/php/
[PEAR] Archive_Tar    - installed: 1.3.3
[PEAR] Console_Getopt - installed: 1.2.3
[PEAR] Structures_Graph- installed: 1.0.2
[PEAR] XML_Util       - installed: 1.2.1
[PEAR] PEAR           - installed: 1.9.0
==================================================================================

make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'

make install

cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

cd ../

六、安装PHP扩展模块

tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz

cd memcache-2.2.5/

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql

make

make install

cd ../

tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.tar.bz2

cd eaccelerator-0.9.6/

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

make

make install

cd ../

6-1、安装Zend Optimizer,32位系统版本

tar zxvf ZendOptimizer-3.3.9-linux-glibc23-i386.tar.gz

mkdir -p /usr/local/zend/

cp ZendOptimizer-3.3.9-linux-glibc23-i386/data/5_2_x_comp/ZendOptimizer.so /usr/local/zend/
6-2、如果是64位系统,则

tar zxvf ZendOptimizer-3.3.9-linux-glibc23-x86_64.tar.gz

mkdir -p /usr/local/zend/

cp ZendOptimizer-3.3.9-linux-glibc23-x86_64/data/5_2_x_comp/ZendOptimizer.so /usr/local/zend/

6-3、配置php.ini

cat >>/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini< <EOF

[Zend Optimizer]

zend_optimizer.optimization_level=1

zend_extension="/usr/local/zend/ZendOptimizer.so"

EOF

6-4、修改php.ini文件

手工修改：查找/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./"

修改为extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"

并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存：

extension = "memcache.so"
extension = "pdo_mysql.so"

再查找 output_buffering = Off
修改为output_buffering = On

自动修改:可执行以下shell命令,自动完成对php.ini文件的修改:
[/code]

sed -i 's#extension_dir = "./"#extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"\nextension = "memcache.so"\nextension = "pdo_mysql.so"\n#' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

sed -i 's#output_buffering = Off#output_buffering = On#' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

8,配置eAccelerator加速PHP:

tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2
cd eaccelerator-0.9.5.3/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make && make install
cd ../

6-5、创建缓存目录

mkdir -p /usr/local/eaccelerator_cache
6-6、配置php.ini

cat >>/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini< <EOF

[eaccelerator]

zend_extension="/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"

eaccelerator.shm_size="1"

eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/eaccelerator_cache"

eaccelerator.enable="1"

eaccelerator.optimizer="1"

eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"

eaccelerator.debug="0"

eaccelerator.filter=""

eaccelerator.shm_max="0"

eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"

eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"

eaccelerator.shm_only="0"

eaccelerator.compress="1"

eaccelerator.compress_level="9"

eaccelerator.keys = "disk_only"

eaccelerator.sessions = "disk_only"

eaccelerator.content = "disk_only"

EOF
6-7、创建www用户和组,以及主机需要的目录,日志目录

groupadd www

useradd -g www www

mkdir -p /home/www

chmod +w /home/www

mkdir -p /home/www/logs

chmod 777 /home/www/logs

chown -R www:www /home/www

6-8、创建php-fpm配置文件

rm -f /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

输入以下内容,我设置开的进程是5个.需要更改进程数,可以修改5

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<configuration>

All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix

Pid file
<value name="pid_file">/usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.pid</value>

Error log file
<value name="error_log">/usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.log</value>

Log level
<value name="log_level">notice</value>

When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...
<value name="emergency_restart_threshold">10</value>

    ... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.
    Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory.
    <value name="emergency_restart_interval">1m</value>

Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master
<value name="process_control_timeout">5s</value>

Set to 'no' to debug fpm
<value name="daemonize">yes</value>

</section>

Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.
<value name="name">default</value>

      Address to accept fastcgi requests on.
      Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket'
      <value name="listen_address">127.0.0.1:9000</value>

Set listen(2) backlog
<value name="backlog">-1</value>

        Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.
        In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.
        Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.
        <value name="owner"></value>
        <value name="group"></value>
        <value name="mode">0666</value>
      </value>

      Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers.
      <value name="php_defines">
        <value name="sendmail_path">/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i</value>
        <value name="display_errors">0</value>
      </value>

Unix user of processes
<value name="user">www</value>

Unix group of processes
<value name="group">www</value>

Process manager settings
<value name="pm">

        Sets style of controling worker process count.
        Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like'
        <value name="style">static</value>

        Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.
        Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive.
        Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi
        Used with any pm_style.
        <value name="max_children">128</value>

Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style
<value name="apache_like">

          Sets the number of server processes created on startup.
          Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
          <value name="StartServers">20</value>

          Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.
          Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
          <value name="MinSpareServers">5</value>

          Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.
          Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
          <value name="MaxSpareServers">35</value>

</value>

      The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated
      Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason
      '0s' means 'off'
      <value name="request_terminate_timeout">0s</value>

      The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file
      '0s' means 'off'
      <value name="request_slowlog_timeout">0s</value>

The log file for slow requests
<value name="slowlog">logs/slow.log</value>

Set open file desc rlimit
<value name="rlimit_files">65535</value>

Set max core size rlimit
<value name="rlimit_core">0</value>

Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path
<value name="chroot"></value>

Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path
<value name="chdir"></value>

      Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log.
      If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs
      <value name="catch_workers_output">yes</value>

      How much requests each process should execute before respawn.
      Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries.
      For endless request processing please specify 0
      Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS
      <value name="max_requests">1024</value>

      Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.
      Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)
      Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.
      <value name="allowed_clients">127.0.0.1</value>

      Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH
      All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment
      <value name="environment">
        <value name="HOSTNAME">$HOSTNAME</value>
        <value name="PATH">/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</value>
        <value name="TMP">/tmp</value>
        <value name="TMPDIR">/tmp</value>
        <value name="TEMP">/tmp</value>
        <value name="OSTYPE">$OSTYPE</value>
        <value name="MACHTYPE">$MACHTYPE</value>
        <value name="MALLOC_CHECK_">2</value>
      </value>

</section>

</workers>

</configuration>

6-9、启动php-cgi进程,监听127.0.0.1的9000端口,进程数为5,用户为www

关闭SELINX，执行：/usr/sbin/setenforce 0

禁止掉SELinux

更改/etc/sysconfig/selinux 文件的内容为 SELINUX=disabled

需要重启系统

ulimit -SHn 65535

七、安装Nginx

tar zxvf pcre-8.01.tar.gz

cd pcre-8.01/

./configure

make && make install

cd ../

tar zxvf nginx-0.8.35.tar.gz

cd nginx-0.8.35/

./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module

make && make install

cd ../

7-1、创建Nginx日志目录

mkdir -p /opt/logs
chmod +w /opt/logs
chown -R www:www /opt/logs

7-2、创建Nginx配置文件

mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx/conf/servers

rm -f /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
输入以下内容:

user www www;

worker_processes 1;

error_log /home/www/logs/nginx_error.log crit;

pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.

worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

events

{

use epoll;

worker_connections 65535;

}

http

{

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

#charse gb2312;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;

client_header_buffer_size 128k;

large_client_header_buffers 4 256k;

client_max_body_size 8m;

sendfile on;

tcp_nopush on;

keepalive_timeout 60;

tcp_nodelay on;

fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;

fastcgi_send_timeout 300;

fastcgi_read_timeout 300;

fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;

fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;

fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;

fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

gzip on;

gzip_min_length 1k;

gzip_buffers 4 16k;

gzip_http_version 1.1;

gzip_comp_level 9;

gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;

gzip_vary on;

output_buffers 4 32k;

postpone_output 1460;

#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;

server

{

listen 80;

server_name test.vivaing.com;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

include location.conf;

         root /home/www;
    log_format wwwlogs '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
               '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
               '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
    access_log /opt/logs/wwwlogs.log wwwlogs;
     }

server

{

listen 80;

server_name test.test.com;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

include location.conf;

root /home/www/phpmyadmin/;

    log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
              '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
              '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
    access_log /opt/logs/access.log access;
     }

include servers/*;

}

7-3、在/usr/local/nginx/conf/目录中创建location.conf文件：

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/location.conf
输入内容:

location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$

{

#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

include fastcgi.conf;

}

location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$

{

expires 30d;

}

location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$

{

expires 12h;

}

7-4、多站点管理,可以在/usr/local/nginx/conf/servers目录添加配置文件,格式为:

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/servers/imcat.conf
内容:

server

{

listen 80;

server_name test1.vivaing.com;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /home/www/phpmyadmin;

}

请注意,我是没有开启Nginx日志记录功能的.

7-5、启动Nginx:

ulimit -SHn 65535

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

放个探针看看

mv index.php /home/www/
访问你的IP看看吧!

八、配置开机自动启动Nginx + PHP

vi /etc/rc.local

在末尾增加以下内容：

ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

另一种方法：
1 echo "ulimit -SHn 65535" >>/etc/rc.local

2 echo "/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start" >>/etc/rc.local

3 echo "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx" >>/etc/rc.local

15,安装phpMyAdmin,管理Mysql数据库

1 tar zxvf phpMyAdmin-3.2.4-all-languages.tar.gz

2 mv phpMyAdmin-3.2.4-all-languages /home/www/phpmyadmin

九、优化Linux内核参数(我只在Xen VPS用过,Openvz VPS失败,慎用)

vi /etc/sysctl.conf
在最后加入

# Add

net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536

net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 32768

net.core.somaxconn = 32768

net.core.wmem_default = 8388608

net.core.rmem_default = 8388608

net.core.rmem_max = 16777216

net.core.wmem_max = 16777216

net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0

net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2

net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1

#net.ipv4.tcp_tw_len = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000

net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800

#net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30

#net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535

使配置立即生效：

/sbin/sysctl -p

十、在不停止Nginx服务的情况下平滑变更Nginx配置

1、修改/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件后，请执行以下命令检查配置文件是否正确：

/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

　　如果屏幕显示以下两行信息，说明配置文件正确：

the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf was tested successfully

2、平滑重启：

①、对于Nginx 0.8.x版本，现在平滑重启Nginx配置非常简单，执行以下命令即可：

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

②、对于Nginx 0.8.x之前的版本，平滑重启稍微麻烦一些，按照以下步骤进行即可。输入以下命令查看Nginx主进程号：

ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process" | grep -v "grep" | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}'

　　屏幕显示的即为Nginx主进程号，例如：
　　6302
　　这时，执行以下命令即可使修改过的Nginx配置文件生效：

kill -HUP 6302

　　或者无需这么麻烦，找到Nginx的Pid文件：

kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid`

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

十一、编写每天定时切割Nginx日志的脚本

1、创建脚本/opt/sh/cut_nginx_log.sh

vi /opt/sh/cut_nginx_log.sh

　　输入以下内容：

引用
#!/bin/bash
# This script run at 00:00

# The Nginx logs path
logs_path="/usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/"

mkdir -p ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/
mv ${logs_path}access.log ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/access_$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d").log
kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid`

2、设置crontab，每天凌晨00:00切割nginx访问日志

crontab -e

　　输入以下内容：

00 00 * * * /bin/bash /opt/sh/cut_nginx_log.sh

十二、需要安装ftp的,可以简单安装vsftpd应用:

yum -y install vsftpd

/etc/init.d/vsftpd start

chkconfig --level 345 vsftpd on

十三、请务必更改www用户密码:

十四、使用phpmyadmin常常提示：phpmyadmin提示配置文件现在需要一个短语密码。解决办法是...

找到：phpmyadmin/libraries/config.default.php文件

用文本编辑器打开这个文件后查找：

$cfg['blowfish_secret'] = '';

将该字段的值修改为：

$cfg['blowfish_secret'] = 'http://www.phpzy.com';
注：其中的'http://www.phpzy.com'为随意的字符

posted on 2010-05-11 15:59 付莹阅读(857) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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