con·ser·va·tive

Late 14c., conservatyf, "tending to preserve or protect, preservative, having the power to keep whole or safe," from Old French conservatif, from Medieval Latin conservativus, from Latin conservatus, past participle of conservare "to keep, preserve, keep intact, guard," from com-, here perhaps an intensive prefix, + servare "keep watch, maintain" (from PIE [原始印欧语] root *ser- "to protect").

From 1840 in the general sense "disposed to retain and maintain what is established, opposed to innovation and change," or, in a negative sense "opposed to progress."

As a modern political tradition, "antagonistic to change in the institutions of a country," often especially "opposed to changes toward pure democracy," conservatism traces to Edmund Burke's opposition to the French Revolution (1790), but the word conservative is not found in his writing. It was coined by his French disciples (such as Chateaubriand, who titled his journal defending clerical and political restoration "Le Conservateur"). Le是法语里的阳性定冠词(the).

Edmund Burke was an Anglo-Irish statesman and philosopher. Born in Dublin, Burke served as a member of parliament (MP) between 1766 and 1794 in the House of Commons of Great Britain with the Whig Party after moving to London in 1750. Burke was a proponent of underpinning virtues with manners in society and of the importance of religious institutions for the moral stability and good of the state. These views were expressed in his "A Vindication [辩护; 维护] of Natural Society".

vindicate

1. to prove that someone who was blamed for something is in fact not guilty
2. to prove that someone or something is right or true =justify

Conservative as the name of a British political faction first appeared in an 1830 issue of the "Quarterly Review," in an unsigned article sometimes attributed to John Wilson Croker. It replaced Tory by 1843, reflecting both a change from the pejorative name (in use for 150 years) and repudiation of some reactionary policies.

A Tory is a person who holds a political philosophy known as Toryism, based on a British version of traditionalism and conservatism, which upholds the supremacy of social order as it has evolved in the English culture throughout history. The Tory ethos has been summed up with the phrase "God, Queen, and Country". Tories are generally monarchists, were historically of a high church Anglican religious heritage, and opposed to the liberalism of the Whig faction.

• Anglican means belonging or relating to the Church of England, or to the churches related to it. 英国国教的, 英国圣公会的
• John Wilson Croker (20 December 1780 – 10 August 1857) was an Irish statesman and author.
• A Whig was a member of a British political party in the 18th and 19th centuries that was in favour of political and social changes.
• In the American Revolution, a Whig was an American who supported the revolution against the British
• A Whig was a member of an American political party in the 19th century that wanted to limit the powers of the President.

六级/考研单词: medieval, intact, intensive, disposition, innovate, seldom, democracy, trace, revolve, conservative, journal, statesman, parliament, secular, guilt, faction, issue, attribute, uphold, supreme, evolve, heritage, author