captain

Captain is a title for the commander of a military unit, the commander of a ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel, or the commander of a port, fire department or police department, election precinct, etc. The captain is a military rank in armies, navies, Public Health Service, coast guards, etc., typically at the level of an officer commanding a company [连] of infantry, a ship, or a battery [炮兵连] of artillery, or similar distinct unit. The terms also may be used as an informal or honorary title for persons in similar commanding roles.

The term "captain" derives from katepánō (Greek: κατεπάνω, lit. "[the one] placed at the top", or "the topmost"), which was used as title for a senior Byzantine military rank and office. The word was Latinized as capetanus/catepan, and its meaning seems to have merged with that of the late Latin "capitaneus" (which derives from the classical Latin word "caput", meaning head). This hybridized term gave rise to the English language term captain and its equivalents in other languages (Capitan, Capitaine, Capitano, Capitão, Kapitan, Kapitän, Kapitein, Kapteeni, Kapten, kapitány, Kapudan Pasha, Kobtan, etc.).

Occupations or roles

• Captain (naval, 海军的), a commissioned [委任] officer rank in the navy.
• Captain (nautical, 航海的), a licensed mariner or person who is legally in command of a ship, a yacht or another type of vessel that may or may not be carrying passengers for hire; corresponding to the work condition of shipmaster or as usually said master.
• Captain (airlines), a licensed civilian airman or person who is legally in command of an aircraft; corresponding to the work condition of pilot in command colloquially said PIC.
• Fire captain, officer in a fire department
• Police captain, officer in a police organization. In most US police departments, the rank of captain is immediately above that of lieutenant. A police captain is often the officer in charge of a precinct [the main police station in a particular area of a town or city, 分局].
• Group Captain, a senior commissioned rank in many air forces. Group captain is a senior commissioned rank in many air forces. Group captain has a NATO rank code of OF-5, meaning that it ranks above wing commander, immediately below air commodore [准将] and is the equivalent of the naval rank of captain and the rank of colonel in other services.
• Precinct captain, political party's representative at an election precinct
• School captain, student elected or appointed to represent the school

Military ranks

• United Kingdom
  • Captain (Royal Navy), NATO OF-5 grade
  • Captain (British Army and Royal Marines), NATO OF-2 grade
  • Group Captain (Royal Air Force), NATO OF-5 grade
• United States
  • Captain (United States O-3) (US Air Force, Army, Marines, or Space Force)
  • Captain (United States O-6) (US Navy, US Public Health Service, or Coast Guard)

Ranks [军衔] and insignia [识别符号] of NATO are combined military insignia used by the member countries of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.

Warrant Officers (WO) and Chief Warrant Officers (CW) in the US Military rank below officers but above officer candidates and enlisted servicemen. The first warrant officer rank, WO1 does not have a "commission" associated with it, instead having a "Warrant" from the Secretary of the Army. Warrant officers are allowed the same courtesies as a commissioned officer, but may have some restrictions on their duties that are reserved for commissioned officers. Warrant officers usually receive a commission once they are promoted to Chief Warrant Officer 2 (CW2), but are usually not referred to as "commissioned officers". WO1s may be and sometimes are appointed by commission as stated in title 10USC.

清代“道员”一词是个总的概念，细分起来又有道员、候选道员、候补道员、实缺道员等名类……由候选道变成候补道…… [关于清代的道和道员]

六级/考研单词: militant, vessel, rank, navy, heal, artillery, derive, merge, classic, hybrid, equivalent, commission, illicit, yacht, correspond, civilian, lieutenant, seldom, colonel, electoral, unite, marine, treaty, warranty, enlist, courtesy