aptitude

An aptitude is a component of a competence to do a certain kind of work at a certain level. Outstanding aptitude can be considered "talent." An aptitude may be physical or mental. Aptitude is inborn potential to do certain kinds of work whether developed or undeveloped. Ability is developed knowledge, understanding, learnt or acquired abilities (skills) or attitude. The innate nature of aptitude is in contrast to skills and achievement, which represent knowledge or ability that is gained through learning.

Aptitude and intelligence quotient [智商] are differing but related views of human mental ability. Unlike the original idea of IQ, aptitude often refers to one of the many different characteristics which can be independent of each other, such as aptitude for military flight, air traffic control, or computer programming.

The U.S. Department of Labor's General Learning Ability is determined by combining Verbal, Numerical and Spatial aptitude scores. This information can be useful for determining which job roles are the best fits for employees or applicants. Often, before more rigorous aptitude tests are used, individuals are screened [过滤] for a basic level of aptitude through a previously-completed process, such as SAT scores, GRE scores, GATE scores, degrees, or other certifications.

https://www.etymonline.com/word/aptitude
early 15c., "tendency, likelihood," from Late Latin aptitudo (genitive aptitudinis) "fitness," noun of quality from Latin aptus "joined, fitted" (see apt). Meaning "natural capacity to learn" is 1540s; that of "state or quality of being fit (for a purpose or position)" is from 1640s.

An intelligence quotient (IQ) is a total score derived from several standardized tests designed to assess human intelligence. Historically, IQ is a score obtained by dividing a person's mental age score, obtained by administering an intelligence test, by the person's chronological age, both expressed in terms of years and months. quotient: 商; dividend:被除数; divisor:除数; fraction: 分数,小数; faction: 派别。

六级/考研单词: aptitude, component, talent, physics, inborn, intellect, differ, seldom, militant, compute, numerical, rigor, noun, apt, derive, evaluate, administer, chronicle, dividend, fraction, faction