实验6 turtle绘图与python库应用编程体验

实验任务1

task1_1

from turtle import *

def moveto(x,y):
    '''
    画笔移动到坐标（x,y）处
    '''
    penup()
    goto(x,y)
    pendown()

def draw(n,size = 100):
    '''
    绘制边长为size的正n边形
    '''
    for i in range(n):
        fd(size)
        left(360/n)

def main():
    pensize(2)
    pencolor('red')

    moveto(-200,0)
    draw(3)

    moveto(0,0)
    draw(4)

    moveto(200,0)
    draw(5)

    hideturtle()
    done()

main()

运行结果如图：

  task1_2

# 运用circle函数，实现正多边形绘制
from turtle import *

def moveto(x,y):
    '''
    画笔移动到坐标（x,y）处
    '''
    penup()
    goto(x,y)
    pendown()

def main():
    pensize(2)
    pencolor('blue')

    moveto(-150,0)
    circle(50)

    moveto(0,0)
    circle(50,steps = 4)

    moveto(150,0)
    circle(50,steps = 5)

    moveto(300,0)
    circle(50,steps = 6)

    hideturtle()
    done()

main()

运行结果如图：

 

试验任务2

task2_1

# 用turtle绘制9个同心圆
from turtle import *

def moveto(x,y):
    penup()
    goto(x,y)
    pendown()

def main():
    setup(800,600)

    radius = 20 # 圆初始半径
    offset = 20 # 同心圆每次位移量

    for i in range(9):
        moveto(0,-radius)
        circle(radius)
        radius += offset

    hideturtle()
    done()

main()

运行截图如图：

 task2_2_1

# 以(0, 0)为圆心，绘制9个彩色同心圆，色彩随机生成
from turtle import *
from random import random

def moveto(x, y):
    penup()
    goto(x, y)
    pendown()
    
def gen_color():
    '''
    生成一个以rgb三元组表示的颜色值并返回
    '''
    return tuple((random() for i in range(3)))

def main():
    setup(800, 600)
    radius = 180 # 圆初始半径
    offset = 20 # 同心圆每次位移量
    for i in range(8):
        moveto(0, -radius)
        color(gen_color())
        begin_fill()
        circle(radius)
        end_fill()

        radius -= offset

    hideturtle()
    done()

main()

运行截图如图：

 

颜色会随机变化

若半径从小到大：

task2_2_2

# 以(0, 0)为圆心，绘制9个彩色同心圆，色彩随机生成
from turtle import *
from random import random

def moveto(x, y):
    penup()
    goto(x, y)
    pendown()
    
def gen_color():
    '''
    生成一个以rgb三元组表示的颜色值并返回
    '''
    return tuple((random() for i in range(3)))

def main():
    setup(800, 600)
    radius = 20 # 圆初始半径
    offset = 20 # 同心圆每次位移量
    for i in range(8):
        moveto(0, -radius)
        color(gen_color())
        begin_fill()
        circle(radius)
        end_fill()

        radius += offset

    hideturtle()
    done()

main()

运行结果如图：

 

 

半径大的圆会填充覆盖半径小的圆

 

实验任务3

task3_1

# 用矩形绘制花瓣
from turtle import *

def square(size = 50, rgb = 'pink'):
    '''
    绘制正方形
    :para: size:int 指定边长 (如未指定参数，使用默认值）
    :para: c: str 指定画笔颜色值 (如未指定参数，使用默认值）
    '''
    pencolor(rgb)
    for i in range(4):
        fd(size)
        left(90)

def main():
    setup(800, 600)
    speed(0)

    n = 3
    for i in range(n):
        square(80)
        left(360/n)

    hideturtle()
    done()

main()

n=3

 

n=4

 

n=5

 

n=6

task3_2

 

from turtle import *

setup(800, 600)
pencolor('pink')

n = 10
for i in range(n):
    # 绘制一片花瓣
    for j in range(2):
        circle(80, 90)
        left(90)

    right(360/n)

hideturtle()
done()

运行结果如图：

 

实验任务4

task4

from turtle import *

setup(800, 600)
bgcolor('black')
pencolor('white')
speed(0)

angle = 0
size = 2

n = 5 # 螺旋n边形
count = 50 # 循环次数
for i in range(count):
    fd(size)
    angle += 360/n
    seth(angle)
    size += 5

hideturtle()
done()

实验结果如图：

 

实验任务5

task5_1

# 先画外围正方形
from turtle import *

def moveto(x, y):
    penup()
    goto(x, y)
    pendown()

color('black')
begin_fill()
moveto(-100,-100)
for i in range(4):
    fd(200)
    left(90)
end_fill()

# 再画内三角形
color('red')

begin_fill()
moveto(0,-100)
left(45)
for i in range(4):
    fd(100*2**(1/2))
    left(90)
end_fill()
hideturtle()
done()

运行结果如图：

 task5_2

size = 5
color('blue')

radius = 40
for i in range(5): # 扇形的个数
    fd(radius)
    left(90)
    circle(radius,90)
    left(90)
    fd(radius)
    left(90)
    radius += 20

hideturtle()
done()

运行结果如图：

 实验任务6

from turtle import *
screensize(100,100,'black')

def moveto(x, y):
    penup()
    goto(x, y)
    pendown()

# 画脸
color('yellow')
begin_fill()
left(45)
fd(100)
left(90)
circle(100,270)
left(90)
fd(100)
end_fill()

# 画眼睛
moveto(10,65)
dot(15,'black')

# 画高光
moveto(8,70)
dot(8,'white')

hideturtle()
done()

运行结果如图：

 实验结论：

较为简单的画图，仔细观察便可