SQL Server 2008 设计与实现笔记（一）

Chart5

create database MovieRental;

select name, SUSER_SNAME(sid) as [login]
from sys.database_principals
where name='dbo';


alter authorization on Database::MovieRental to easy5;

/*
架构（schema）
*/
create SCHEMA Inventory;
GO
create SCHEMA People;
Go
create schema Rentals;
GO
create schema Alt;
GO

select name,
       SCHEMA_NAME(schema_id) as schemaName,
       USER_NAME(principal_id) as principal
from MovieRental.sys.schemas;

/*
Create Table
*/
create table Inventory.Movie
(
MovieId         int not null,
Name            nvarchar(20) not null,
ReleaseDate     date null,
Description        nvarchar(200) null,
GenrentId       int not null,
MovieRatingId   int not null
);

--IDENTITY只能在如下情况下建立: 
--在创建表时创建新的IDENTITY列 
--在现有表中创建新的IDENTITY列

--不能 把已经存在的列,修改为IDENTITY列
Drop Table Inventory.Movie;
GO
create table Inventory.Movie
(
MovieId         int not null Identity(0,1),
Name            nvarchar(20) not null,
ReleaseDate     date null,
Description        nvarchar(200) null,
GenrentId       int not null,
MovieRatingId   int not null
);


create table Inventory.Movie
(
MovieId         int not null,
Name            nvarchar(20) not null,
ReleaseDate     date null,
Description        nvarchar(200) null,
GenrentId       int not null,
MovieRatingId   int not null
);

alter table Inventory.Movie

select table_name 
from MovieRental.INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
where TABLE_SCHEMA ='Inventory';



create table Inventory.MovieRating
(
MovieRatingId int not null,
Code nvarchar(20) not null,
Description nvarchar(200) null,
AllowYouthRentalFlag bit not null
);

Drop table Inventory.MovieRating;
Go
create table Inventory.MovieRating
(
MovieRatingId int not null identity(0,1),
Code nvarchar(20) not null,
Description nvarchar(200) null,
AllowYouthRentalFlag bit not null
);


create table Inventory.Genre
(
GenreId int not null,
Name nvarchar(20) not null
);
insert into Inventory.Genre(GenreId, Name)
values(1,'Comedy'),
(2,'Drama'),
(3,'Thriller'),
(4,'Documentary');

drop table Inventory.Genre;
GO
create table Inventory.Genre
(
GenreId int not null identity(0,1),
Name nvarchar(20) not null
);

--insert into Inventory.Genre(GenreId, Name)
--values(1,'Comedy'),
--(2,'Drama'),
--(3,'Thriller'),
--(4,'Documentary');

insert into Inventory.Genre(Name)
values
('Comedy'),
('Drama'),
('Thriller'),
('Documentary');

/*------------------------------------------------
constraint(约束)
*/
-----------------------
--主键(PK)primay key

create table Inventory.MovieFormat(
    MovieFormatId int not null identity(1,1) 
    constraint PKInventory_MovieFormat primary key clustered,
    
    Name nvarchar(20) not null 
);

insert into inventory.MovieFormat(Name)
values('Video Tape'),
('DVD');

alter table Inventory.Movie 
add constraint PKInventory_Movie primary key clustered(MovieId);

alter table Inventory.MovieRating
add constraint PKInventory_MovieRating primary key clustered(MovieRatingId);

alter table Inventory.Genre
add constraint PKInventory_Genre primary key clustered(GenreId);

-------------------------------------
--候选键(AK)Unique
create table Inventory.Personality
(
PersonalityId int not null identity(1,1)
    constraint PKInventory_Personality primary key,
FirstName nvarchar(20) not null,
LastName nvarchar(20) not null,
NameUniqueifier nvarchar(5) not null,

constraint AKInventory_Personality_PersonName
    unique(FirstName, LastName,NameUniqueifier)
);

alter table Inventory.Genre
    add constraint AKInventory_Genre_Name unique(Name);

alter table Inventory.MovieRating
    add constraint AKInventory_MovieRating_Code unique(code);
    
alter table Inventory.Movie                                               
    add constraint AKinventory_movie_NameAndData unique nonclustered(Name,ReleaseDate);
    
---------------------------------------
--选择唯一性(AFK) unique index
drop table alt.employee;
Go
create table alt.employee
(
    employeeId int not null identity(1,1)
        constraint PKalt_employee primary key,
    employeeNumber nvarchar(10) not null
        constraint AKalt_employee_employeeName Unique,
    insurancePolicyNumber nvarchar(20) null
);
 
--Sql server 2008 通过“经筛选的索引”实现“选择唯一性”
create unique index AKFalt_employee_insurancePlicyNumber
    on alt.employee(insurancePolicyNumber)
    where insurancePolicyNumber is not null; --InsurancePolicyNumber列的值：not null的值必须唯一，null可以有多个


--123属于not null:只能唯一，不能重复,执行出错
--insert into alt.employee(employeeNumber, insurancePolicyNumber)
--    values('A00001','123'),
--          ('A00002','123');

insert into alt.employee(employeeNumber, insurancePolicyNumber)
    values('A00003',null),
          ('A00004',null);
          

create table alt.employee2
(
    employeeId int not null identity(1,1)
        constraint PKalt_employee2 primary key,
    employeeNumber nvarchar(10) not null
        constraint AKalt_employee_employeeName2 Unique,
    insurancePolicyNumber nvarchar(20) null
);
--Sql server 2008 通过“创建索引视图”实现“选择唯一性”
create view alt.employee2_InsuancePolicyNumberUniquess
    with schemabinding
    as
        select insurancePolicyNumber
        from alt.employee2
        where insurancePolicyNumber is not null;
        
insert into alt.employee2(employeeNumber, insurancePolicyNumber)
    values    ('A00001','123'),
            ('A00001','123');

--查看约束（constraint）
select TABLE_NAME, CONSTRAINT_NAME, CONSTRAINT_TYPE
from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
--where CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = 'Inventory'
order by CONSTRAINT_NAME, TABLE_NAME

--默认值约束(DFL)default
create table Rentals.MovieRental
(
    MoviecRentalId int not null identity(1,1)
        constraint PKRentals_MovieRental primary key,
    ReturnDate date not null
            constraint DELRentals_MovieRental_ReturnDate default(GetDate()),
    ActualReturnDate date null,

);

alter table Rentals.MovieRental
    add constraint  DELRentals_MovieRental_ActualReturnDate 
        default(DateAdd(DAY,4,GetDate()))
            for ActualReturnDate;

alter table Rentals.MovieRental
    add customerId int not null;

insert into Rentals.MovieRental(customerId)
values(1);

----------------------------------
--外键（FK）
--联级4种方式: no action \cascade\set null\set default