使用 Docker Compose 在 CentOS 7 单机服务器上部署多实例 MinIO 集群

1. 准备工作

1.1 主机列表

IP	主机名	内存（GB）	CPU核数	磁盘	操作系统	CPU 架构
10.0.0.12	sdp	64	12	500GB	CentOS 7.9.2009	x86_64

说明：

• 每个服务器的 IP 均是静态的；
• 每个服务器的防火墙都已关闭；
• 每个服务器的 SELINUX 已经禁用；
• 每个服务器均存在一个管理员用户 admin，该用户可以免密码执行 sudo 命令；
• 所有操作均使用 admin 用户完成。

1.2 已安装组件

• Docker version 26.1.4
• Docker Compose version v2.27.1

2. 安装步骤

2.1 目录结构

$ tree /opt/app/minio
/opt/app/minio
├── config
│   └── nginx.conf
├── data
│   ├── data1
│   ├── data2
│   ├── data3
│   └── data4
└── docker-compose.yaml

2.2 docker-compose.yaml

说明：使用版本为：RELEASE.2025-04-22T22-12-26Z，此版本之后页面的很多功能需要企业版才可以使用

# 所有容器通用的设置和配置
x-minio-common: &minio-common
  image: minio/minio:RELEASE.2025-04-22T22-12-26Z
  command: server --console-address ":9001" http://minio{1...4}/data
  expose:
    - "9000"
  # environment:
    # MINIO_ROOT_USER: minioadmin
    # MINIO_ROOT_PASSWORD: minioadmin
  healthcheck:
    test: ["CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://localhost:9000/minio/health/live"]
    interval: 30s
    timeout: 20s
    retries: 3

# 启动4个docker容器运行minio服务器实例
# 使用nginx反向代理9000端口，负载均衡, 你可以通过9001、9002、9003、9004端口访问它们的web console
services:
  minio1:
    <<: *minio-common
    hostname: minio1
    ports:
      - "9001:9001"
    volumes:
      - ./data/data1:/data

  minio2:
    <<: *minio-common
    hostname: minio2
    ports:
      - "9002:9001"
    volumes:
      - ./data/data2:/data

  minio3:
    <<: *minio-common
    hostname: minio3
    ports:
      - "9003:9001"
    volumes:
      - ./data/data3:/data

  minio4:
    <<: *minio-common
    hostname: minio4
    ports:
      - "9004:9001"
    volumes:
      - ./data/data4:/data

  nginx:
    image: nginx:1.19.2-alpine
    hostname: nginx
    volumes:
      - ./config/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro
    ports:
      - "9000:9000"
    depends_on:
      - minio1
      - minio2
      - minio3
      - minio4

2.3 nginx.conf

user  nginx;
worker_processes  auto;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
  worker_connections  4096;
}

http {
  include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
  default_type  application/octet-stream;

  log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

  access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;
  sendfile        on;
  keepalive_timeout  65;

  # include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

  upstream minio {
    server minio1:9000;
    server minio2:9000;
    server minio3:9000;
    server minio4:9000;
  }

  server {
    listen       9000;
    listen  [::]:9000;
    server_name  localhost;

    # To allow special characters in headers
    ignore_invalid_headers off;
    # Allow any size file to be uploaded.
    # Set to a value such as 1000m; to restrict file size to a specific value
    client_max_body_size 0;
    # To disable buffering
    proxy_buffering off;

    location / {
      proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
      proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
      proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
      proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;

      proxy_connect_timeout 300;
      # Default is HTTP/1, keepalive is only enabled in HTTP/1.1
      proxy_http_version 1.1;
      proxy_set_header Connection "";
      chunked_transfer_encoding off;

      proxy_pass http://minio;
    }
  }

}

2.4 启动集群

$ sudo docker compose up -d

$ sudo docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                 COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                             PORTS                                                 NAMES
3f94700525f4   nginx:1.19.2-alpine   "/docker-entrypoint.…"   22 seconds ago   Up 21 seconds                      80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:9000->9000/tcp, :::9000->9000/tcp     minio-nginx-1
f0772f700e6d   minio/minio           "/usr/bin/docker-ent…"   22 seconds ago   Up 21 seconds (health: starting)   9000/tcp, 0.0.0.0:9003->9001/tcp, :::9003->9001/tcp   minio-minio3-1
5f62b63fd557   minio/minio           "/usr/bin/docker-ent…"   22 seconds ago   Up 21 seconds (health: starting)   9000/tcp, 0.0.0.0:9002->9001/tcp, :::9002->9001/tcp   minio-minio2-1
06c15cdbafa5   minio/minio           "/usr/bin/docker-ent…"   22 seconds ago   Up 21 seconds (health: starting)   9000/tcp, 0.0.0.0:9001->9001/tcp, :::9001->9001/tcp   minio-minio1-1
7f904deed598   minio/minio           "/usr/bin/docker-ent…"   22 seconds ago   Up 21 seconds (health: starting)   9000/tcp, 0.0.0.0:9004->9001/tcp, :::9004->9001/tcp   minio-minio4-1

访问：http://sdp:9001/login

账号密码：minioadmin/minioadmin