nload 安装操作实例
nload是一款监控网卡流量的工具，小巧灵便，很实用，只是功能较为单一，下面做一下简单的安装以及使用介绍：
安装过程：
wget http://www.roland-riegel.de/nload/nload-0.7.2.tar.gz
--10:05:03-- http://www.roland-riegel.de/nload/nload-0.7.2.tar.gz
Resolving www.roland-riegel.de... 109.239.57.139
Connecting to www.roland-riegel.de|109.239.57.139|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 145262 (142K) [application/x-gzip]
Saving to: `nload-0.7.2.tar.gz'
100%[========================================>] 145,262 118K/s in 1.2s
10:05:08 (118 KB/s) - `nload-0.7.2.tar.gz' saved [145262/145262]
tar -zxvf nload-0.7.2.tar.gz /tools
...........................
nload-0.7.2/src/opt_window.h nload-0.7.2/src/setting.cpp nload-0.7.2/src/screen.cpp nload-0.7.2/src/devreaderfactory.h nload-0.7.2/src/form_field.cpp nload-0.7.2/src/devreader-linux-proc.h nload-0.7.2/src/settingstore.h nload-0.7.2/configure.in nload-0.7.2/COPYING nload-0.7.2/missing nload-0.7.2/config.guess nload-0.7.2/Makefile.in nload-0.7.2/nload.spec.in nload-0.7.2/config.sub nload-0.7.2/README
cd /tools/nload-0.7.2
./configure
...................................
checking for sys/ioctl.h... yes
checking arpa/inet.h usability... yes
checking arpa/inet.h presence... yes
checking for arpa/inet.h... yes
checking netinet/in.h usability... yes
checking netinet/in.h presence... yes
checking for netinet/in.h... yes
checking for an ANSI C-conforming const... yes
checking for size_t... yes
checking whether time.h and sys/time.h may both be included... yes
checking return type of signal handlers... void
checking for gettimeofday... yes
checking for inet_ntoa... yes
checking for socket... yes
configure: creating ./config.status
config.status: creating Makefile
config.status: creating nload.spec
config.status: creating docs/Makefile
config.status: creating docs/nload.1
config.status: creating src/Makefile
config.status: creating config.h
config.status: executing depfiles commands
如果有报错，可能缺少依赖包，yum安装相关包组：
yum install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel
再次进行检测 ./configure，通过后，进行下一步：
make && make install
.......................................
make[2]: Nothing to be done for `all-am'.
make[2]: Leaving directory `/tools/nload-0.7.2'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/tools/nload-0.7.2'
Making install in docs
make[1]: Entering directory `/tools/nload-0.7.2/docs'
/bin/sh /tools/nload-0.7.2/install-sh -d /usr/local/share/man/man1
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 ../docs/nload.1 /usr/local/share/man/man1
gzip -f /usr/local/share/man/man1/nload.1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/tools/nload-0.7.2/docs'
Making install in src
make[1]: Entering directory `/tools/nload-0.7.2/src'
make[2]: Entering directory `/tools/nload-0.7.2/src'
test -z "/usr/local/bin" || /bin/mkdir -p "/usr/local/bin"
/usr/bin/install -c 'nload' '/usr/local/bin/nload'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for `install-data-am'.
make[2]: Leaving directory `/tools/nload-0.7.2/src'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/tools/nload-0.7.2/src'
make[1]: Entering directory `/tools/nload-0.7.2'
make[2]: Entering directory `/tools/nload-0.7.2'
make[2]: Nothing to be done for `install-exec-am'.
make[2]: Nothing to be done for `install-data-am'.
make[2]: Leaving directory `/tools/nload-0.7.2'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/tools/nload-0.7.2
常用参数组合介绍：
安装完毕，直接输入nload命令就可以使用，也可以配合诸多参数进行自定义调节,常用参数如下：
1 -u设置屏显网卡带宽单位，子参数分别表示：
b: Bit/s, k: kBit/s, m: MBit/s etc.
B: Byte/s, K: kByte/s, M: MByte/s etc
nload -u m
Device eth1 [192.168.1.2] (2/4):
=================================================================================
Incoming:
Curr: 0.02 MBit/s
Avg: 0.03 MBit/s
Min: 0.00 MBit/s
Max: 0.13 MBit/s
Ttl: 42.74 GByte
nload -u b
Device eth1 [192.168.1.2] (2/4):
=================================================================================
Incoming:
Curr: 95872.00 Bit/s
Avg: 83840.00 Bit/s
Min: 472.00 Bit/s
Max: 311112.00 Bit/s
.. Ttl: 15.26 GByte
2 -t 设置屏显刷新时间，单位是毫秒，默认值是500
nload -t 800
3 -m 显示所有网卡占用带宽情况，即时消息，如果有多块网卡，一屏显示不完，可以使用左右键切换到其他屏
nload -m
Device eth0 [166.80.64.15] (1/4):
=================================================================================
Incoming: Outgoing:
Curr: 2.31 kBit/s Curr: 0.00 Bit/s
Avg: 7.02 kBit/s Avg: 10.38 kBit/s
Min: 1.84 kBit/s Min: 0.00 Bit/s
Max: 14.72 kBit/s Max: 23.93 kBit/s
Ttl: 15.26 GByte Ttl: 21.68 GByte
Device eth1 [192.168.1.2] (2/4):
=================================================================================
Incoming: Outgoing:
Curr: 53.98 kBit/s Curr: 0.80 kBit/s
Avg: 19.45 kBit/s Avg: 0.22 kBit/s
Min: 6.45 kBit/s Min: 15.11 kBit/s
Max: 53.98 kBit/s Max: 0.80 kBit/s
Ttl: 42.74 GByte Ttl: 468.94 GByte
Device lo [127.0.0.1] (3/4):
=================================================================================
Incoming: Outgoing:
Curr: 0.00 Bit/s Curr: 0.00 Bit/s
Avg: 0.00 Bit/s Avg: 0.00 Bit/s
Min: 0.00 Bit/s Min: 0.00 Bit/s
Max: 0.00 Bit/s Max: 0.00 Bit/s
Ttl: 603.05 MByte Ttl: 603.05 MByte
详尽参数：
-a-----------period Sets the length in seconds of the time window for average calculation.
-i --------- ---max_scaling Specifies the 100% mark in kBit/s of the graph indicating the
incoming bandwidth usage. Ignored if max_scaling is 0 or the switch -m is given.
-m --------- Show multiple devices at a time; no traffic graphs.
-o ------------max_scaling Same as -i but for the graph indicating the outgoing bandwidth usage.
-t --------- interval Determines the refresh interval of the display in milliseconds.
-u h|b|k|m|g --------- Sets the type of unit used for the display of traffic numbers.
H|B|K|M|G h: auto, b: Bit/s, k: kBit/s, m: MBit/s etc.
H: auto, B: Byte/s, K: kByte/s, M: MByte/s etc.
-U h|b|k|m|g--------- Same as -u, but for a total amount of data (without "/s").
H|B|K|M|G
devices Network devices to use.
Default is to use all auto-detected devices.
-h--------- Print this help.
