nginx负载均衡实现

一、拓扑

 

 

 

二、安装软件

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.0.11.tar.gz
wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.21.tar.gz

       1、安装pcre

             tar zxvf pcre-8.21.tar.gz 
             cd pcre-8.21
            ./configure 
             make && make install

       2、安装nginx

             tar zxvf nginx-1.0.11.tar.gz 
             cd nginx-1.0.11
             useradd -s /sbin/nologin www
           ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
           make
           make install

三、配置nginx

           cd /usr/local/nginx/
           cp nginx.conf nginx.conf.bak

           vi nginx.conf
###############################################################################
user www www;
worker_processes 1;
error_log   /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid        /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
##############################################################################
events{
     use epoll;
     worker_connections 51200;
}
##############################################################################
http{
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile on;
    tcp_nopush on;
    keepalive_timeout 60;
    tcp_nodelay on;

##############################################################################
upstream   192.168.1.250 {
    server 192.168.1.251;
    server 192.168.1.252;
}
##############################################################################
server
{ 
   listen 80;
   server_name www.test.com *.test.com;

         location / {
                        proxy_pass        http://192.168.1.250;

                        proxy_set_header   Host             $host;

                        proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;

                        proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
         location /nginx_status {
                       stub_status on;
                       access_log off;
                       allow 192.168.1.253;
                       deny all;
}

###############################################################################
log_format www_test_com  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] $request '

                         '"$status" $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

                         '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log  /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.log  www_test_com;
 
  }

}
################################################################################
 

四、测试配置是否正常

      [root@linux-1 conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
       nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
       nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful      

############################以上说明配置正确###################  

五、启动和停止nginx负载均衡器

              启动：

               ulimit -SHn 51200
               /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

               停止：

               killall -9 nginx    ####注意nginx可以写脚本形式让它启动停止

六、测试

       web1-------->ip:192.168.1.251------------>index.html------------->the is web1

        web2-------->ip:192.168.1.252------------>index.html------------->the is web2

        测试结果：

        

 

 

七、简单的使用监控模块（没有像LVS的ipvsadm强大，只是简单的查看而已）

        http://192.168.1.250/nginx_status

       

##########################到些简单的负载配置完成#######################

 

八、简单讲解配置文件（讲解有错误请指教）：

        worker_processes 1;  ###一般配置跟CPU的数量一样
        error_log   /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;###nginx错误日志使用

        use epoll；###epoll模式
       worker_connections 51200; ###每个进程最大连接数51200个

      upstream   192.168.1.250 {
            server 192.168.1.251;
            server 192.168.1.252;
     } ###############这个就是负载了，下面的就是后端的源服务器
 

      location / {
                        proxy_pass        http://192.168.1.250;

                        proxy_set_header   Host             $host;

                        proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;

                        proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}##########后端源Web服务器通过X-Forwarded-For获取用户真实IP地址
 

 location /nginx_status {
                       stub_status on;
                       access_log off;
                       allow 192.168.1.253;
                       deny all;
}############这个就是简单监控nginx的状态