一直想使用Ajax技术,可总是没有时间。最近由于新网站需要用到Ajax技术,所以下载学习了一下。由于使用的是.net1.1sp1,所以Atlas是没法用了,以下文字仅针对AjaxPro。AjaxPro.dll可以在http://www.ajaxpro.info/下载,该网站也提供了详细的教程和实例供下载。
1.首先下载AjaxPro( latest version 6.10.6.1.),压缩包中提供了asp.net2.0和1.1的版本,以及web.config配置文件模板;
2.在项目中引用AjaxPro.Dll(For asp.net 1.1版本的);
3.配置web.config文件,在<configuration>中<system.web>外,添加以下文字:
4.添加Web窗体,如:LoadingDemo.aspx(参考:http://www.ajaxpro.info/Examples/Special/onloading.aspx)<!-- Handler configuration for Ajax.NET Professional -->
<location path="ajaxpro">
<system.web>
<httpHandlers>
<add verb="*" path="*.ashx" type="AjaxPro.AjaxHandlerFactory,AjaxPro"/>
</httpHandlers>
</system.web>
</location>
<location path="ajaxpro">
<system.web>
<httpHandlers>
<add verb="*" path="*.ashx" type="AjaxPro.AjaxHandlerFactory,AjaxPro"/>
</httpHandlers>
</system.web>
</location>
源码如下:
<%@ Page language="c#" ClassName="LoadingDemo" Inherits="System.Web.UI.Page" %>
<script runat="server" language="c#">
private void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
AjaxPro.Utility.RegisterTypeForAjax(typeof(LoadingDemo));
}
[AjaxPro.AjaxMethod]
public DateTime LongOperation()
{
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);
return DateTime.Now;
}
</script>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>Ajax.NET - OnLoading Example</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://www.cnblogs.com/css/main.css"/>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
</head>
<body>
<form id="Form1" method="post" runat="server"></form>
<div class="content">
<h1>OnLoading Examples</h1>
<p>Click <a href="javascript:doTest1();void(0);">here</a>
to start a long operating method (2 seconds). After you have clicked on the link you should see a
<i>Loading...</i> message in the upper left corner.</p>
</div>
<div id="loadinfo"
style="visibility:hidden;position:absolute;left:0px;top:0px;background-color:Red;color:White;">
Loading...</div>
<p class="footer">Last updated: November 2, 2005 by
<a href="http://weblogs.asp.net/mschwarz/contact.aspx" target="_blank">Michael Schwarz</a></p>
<p><a href="http://validator.w3.org/check?uri=referer">
<img src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/valid-xhtml10" alt="Valid XHTML 1.0 Transitional"
height="31" width="88" /></a></p>
<script type="text/javascript" defer="defer">
AjaxPro.onLoading = function(b) {
var l = document.getElementById("loadinfo");
l.style.visibility = b ? "visible" : "hidden";
}
function doTest1() {
ASP.LoadingDemo.LongOperation(doTest1_callback);
}
function doTest1_callback(res) {
alert(res.value);
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
5.注意事项:<script runat="server" language="c#">
private void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
AjaxPro.Utility.RegisterTypeForAjax(typeof(LoadingDemo));
}
[AjaxPro.AjaxMethod]
public DateTime LongOperation()
{
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);
return DateTime.Now;
}
</script>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>Ajax.NET - OnLoading Example</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://www.cnblogs.com/css/main.css"/>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
</head>
<body>
<form id="Form1" method="post" runat="server"></form>
<div class="content">
<h1>OnLoading Examples</h1>
<p>Click <a href="javascript:doTest1();void(0);">here</a>
to start a long operating method (2 seconds). After you have clicked on the link you should see a
<i>Loading...</i> message in the upper left corner.</p>
</div>
<div id="loadinfo"
style="visibility:hidden;position:absolute;left:0px;top:0px;background-color:Red;color:White;">
Loading...</div>
<p class="footer">Last updated: November 2, 2005 by
<a href="http://weblogs.asp.net/mschwarz/contact.aspx" target="_blank">Michael Schwarz</a></p>
<p><a href="http://validator.w3.org/check?uri=referer">
<img src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/valid-xhtml10" alt="Valid XHTML 1.0 Transitional"
height="31" width="88" /></a></p>
<script type="text/javascript" defer="defer">
AjaxPro.onLoading = function(b) {
var l = document.getElementById("loadinfo");
l.style.visibility = b ? "visible" : "hidden";
}
function doTest1() {
ASP.LoadingDemo.LongOperation(doTest1_callback);
}
function doTest1_callback(res) {
alert(res.value);
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
a.在作者的先前一个版本中(参考http://www.schwarz-interactive.de/Examples/Special/onloading.aspx)
<script type="text/javascript" defer="defer">
AjaxPro.onLoading = function(b) {
......
这里是下面这样的:AjaxPro.onLoading = function(b) {
......
<script type="text/javascript" defer="defer">
ASP.LoadingDemo.onLoading = function(b) {
......
ASP.LoadingDemo.onLoading = function(b) {
......
测试结果是第一种可行,第二种写法不会显示loading的字样,不知道是不是因为Ajax的版本问题。
b.作者没有使用cs文件,所以需要注意的是,这时名字空间为ASP,即:
ASP.LoadingDemo.LongOperation(doTest1_callback);
如果使用cs文件,那么上面一行要相应改成自己的名字空间,比如:LoadingDemo.aspx.cs:
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.SessionState;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
namespace PhantomPro.AjaxProject
{
/// <summary>
/// LoadingDemo 的摘要说明。
/// </summary>
public class LoadingDemo : System.Web.UI.Page
{
private void Page_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
// 在此处放置用户代码以初始化页面
AjaxPro.Utility.RegisterTypeForAjax(typeof(LoadingDemo));
}
#region Web 窗体设计器生成的代码
override protected void OnInit(EventArgs e)
{
//
// CODEGEN: 该调用是 ASP.NET Web 窗体设计器所必需的。
//
InitializeComponent();
base.OnInit(e);
}
/// <summary>
/// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代码编辑器修改
/// 此方法的内容。
/// </summary>
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Page_Load);
}
#endregion
[AjaxPro.AjaxMethod]
public DateTime LongOperation()
{
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);//延时2秒,方便查看Loading效果
return DateTime.Now;
}
}
}
LoadingDemo.aspx:using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.SessionState;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
namespace PhantomPro.AjaxProject
{
/// <summary>
/// LoadingDemo 的摘要说明。
/// </summary>
public class LoadingDemo : System.Web.UI.Page
{
private void Page_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
// 在此处放置用户代码以初始化页面
AjaxPro.Utility.RegisterTypeForAjax(typeof(LoadingDemo));
}
#region Web 窗体设计器生成的代码
override protected void OnInit(EventArgs e)
{
//
// CODEGEN: 该调用是 ASP.NET Web 窗体设计器所必需的。
//
InitializeComponent();
base.OnInit(e);
}
/// <summary>
/// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代码编辑器修改
/// 此方法的内容。
/// </summary>
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Page_Load);
}
#endregion
[AjaxPro.AjaxMethod]
public DateTime LongOperation()
{
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);//延时2秒,方便查看Loading效果
return DateTime.Now;
}
}
}
<%@ Page language="c#" Codebehind="LoadingDemo.aspx.cs" AutoEventWireup="false"
Inherits="PhantomPro.AjaxProject.LoadingDemo" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<title>Ajax.NET - OnLoading Example</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://www.cnblogs.com/css/main.css">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
</HEAD>
<body>
<form id="Form1" method="post" runat="server">
</form>
<div class="content">
<h1>OnLoading Examples</h1>
<p>Click <a href="javascript:doTest1();void(0);">here</a> to start a long operating
method (2 seconds). After you have clicked on the link you should see a <i>Loading
</i>
message in the upper left corner.</p>
</div>
<div id="loadinfo"
style="LEFT:0px;VISIBILITY:hidden;COLOR:white;POSITION:absolute;TOP:0px;BACKGROUND-COLOR:red">
Loading...</div>
<p class="footer">Last updated: November 2, 2005 by
<a href="http://weblogs.asp.net/mschwarz/contact.aspx" target="_blank">
Michael Schwarz</a></p>
<p><a href="http://validator.w3.org/check?uri=referer">
<img src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/valid-xhtml10" alt="Valid XHTML 1.0 Transitional" height="31"
width="88"></a></p>
<script type="text/javascript" defer>
AjaxPro.onLoading = function(b) {
var l = document.getElementById("loadinfo");
l.style.visibility = b ? "visible" : "hidden";
}
function doTest1() {
PhantomPro.AjaxProject.LoadingDemo.LongOperation(doTest1_callback);//这里换成自己的名字空间
}
function doTest1_callback(res) {
alert(res.value);
}
</script>
</body>
</HTML>
6.顺便测试一下DataSet的效果:Inherits="PhantomPro.AjaxProject.LoadingDemo" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<title>Ajax.NET - OnLoading Example</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://www.cnblogs.com/css/main.css">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
</HEAD>
<body>
<form id="Form1" method="post" runat="server">
</form>
<div class="content">
<h1>OnLoading Examples</h1>
<p>Click <a href="javascript:doTest1();void(0);">here</a> to start a long operating
method (2 seconds). After you have clicked on the link you should see a <i>Loading
</i>message in the upper left corner.</p>
</div>
<div id="loadinfo"
style="LEFT:0px;VISIBILITY:hidden;COLOR:white;POSITION:absolute;TOP:0px;BACKGROUND-COLOR:red">
Loading...</div>
<p class="footer">Last updated: November 2, 2005 by
<a href="http://weblogs.asp.net/mschwarz/contact.aspx" target="_blank">
Michael Schwarz</a></p>
<p><a href="http://validator.w3.org/check?uri=referer">
<img src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/valid-xhtml10" alt="Valid XHTML 1.0 Transitional" height="31"
width="88"></a></p>
<script type="text/javascript" defer>
AjaxPro.onLoading = function(b) {
var l = document.getElementById("loadinfo");
l.style.visibility = b ? "visible" : "hidden";
}
function doTest1() {
PhantomPro.AjaxProject.LoadingDemo.LongOperation(doTest1_callback);//这里换成自己的名字空间
}
function doTest1_callback(res) {
alert(res.value);
}
</script>
</body>
</HTML>
AjaxDemo.aspx.cs:
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.SessionState;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
namespace PhantomPro.AjaxProject
{
/// <summary>
/// AjaxDemo 的摘要说明。
/// </summary>
public class AjaxDemo : System.Web.UI.Page
{
private void Page_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
// 在此处放置用户代码以初始化页面
AjaxPro.Utility.RegisterTypeForAjax(typeof(PhantomPro.AjaxProject.AjaxDemo));
}
#region Web 窗体设计器生成的代码
override protected void OnInit(EventArgs e)
{
//
// CODEGEN: 该调用是 ASP.NET Web 窗体设计器所必需的。
//
InitializeComponent();
base.OnInit(e);
}
/// <summary>
/// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代码编辑器修改
/// 此方法的内容。
/// </summary>
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Page_Load);
}
#endregion
[AjaxPro.AjaxMethod]
public string GetTable(string str)
{
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000); //进程睡眠(延时)2秒
string s="";
DataSet ds=new DataSet();
try
{
SqlConnection conn=new SqlConnection(ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["DbString"]);
string strSql="select * from Employees where EmployeeID="+str;
conn.Open();
SqlDataAdapter ap=new SqlDataAdapter(strSql,conn);
ap.Fill(ds,"table1");
conn.Close();
if(ds.Tables["table1"].Rows.Count>0)
{
DataGrid dg = new DataGrid();
dg.DataSource=ds.Tables["table1"].DefaultView;
dg.DataBind();
//以下是网站摘录的
//实例化一个HtmlTextWriter的类
System.Text.StringBuilder strb = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
System.IO.StringWriter sw = new System.IO.StringWriter( strb );
System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter htw = new HtmlTextWriter( sw );
//执行控件的render并输出到HtmlTextWriter里
dg.RenderControl( htw );
s = strb.ToString();
}
else
{
s="没有相关数据!";
}
}
catch
{
s="error!!";
}
return s;//最后就是返回这个html啦
}
}
}
AjaxDemo.aspx:using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.SessionState;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
namespace PhantomPro.AjaxProject
{
/// <summary>
/// AjaxDemo 的摘要说明。
/// </summary>
public class AjaxDemo : System.Web.UI.Page
{
private void Page_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
// 在此处放置用户代码以初始化页面
AjaxPro.Utility.RegisterTypeForAjax(typeof(PhantomPro.AjaxProject.AjaxDemo));
}
#region Web 窗体设计器生成的代码
override protected void OnInit(EventArgs e)
{
//
// CODEGEN: 该调用是 ASP.NET Web 窗体设计器所必需的。
//
InitializeComponent();
base.OnInit(e);
}
/// <summary>
/// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代码编辑器修改
/// 此方法的内容。
/// </summary>
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Page_Load);
}
#endregion
[AjaxPro.AjaxMethod]
public string GetTable(string str)
{
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000); //进程睡眠(延时)2秒
string s="";
DataSet ds=new DataSet();
try
{
SqlConnection conn=new SqlConnection(ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["DbString"]);
string strSql="select * from Employees where EmployeeID="+str;
conn.Open();
SqlDataAdapter ap=new SqlDataAdapter(strSql,conn);
ap.Fill(ds,"table1");
conn.Close();
if(ds.Tables["table1"].Rows.Count>0)
{
DataGrid dg = new DataGrid();
dg.DataSource=ds.Tables["table1"].DefaultView;
dg.DataBind();
//以下是网站摘录的
//实例化一个HtmlTextWriter的类
System.Text.StringBuilder strb = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
System.IO.StringWriter sw = new System.IO.StringWriter( strb );
System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter htw = new HtmlTextWriter( sw );
//执行控件的render并输出到HtmlTextWriter里
dg.RenderControl( htw );
s = strb.ToString();
}
else
{
s="没有相关数据!";
}
}
catch
{
s="error!!";
}
return s;//最后就是返回这个html啦
}
}
}
<%@ Page language="c#" Codebehind="AjaxDemo.aspx.cs" AutoEventWireup="false"
Inherits="PhantomPro.AjaxProject.AjaxDemo" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" >
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<title>AjaxDemo</title>
<meta name="GENERATOR" Content="Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 7.1">
<meta name="CODE_LANGUAGE" Content="C#">
<meta name="vs_defaultClientScript" content="JavaScript">
<meta name="vs_targetSchema" content="http://schemas.microsoft.com/intellisense/ie5">
</HEAD>
<body>
<form id="Form1" method="post" runat="server">
<div id="div1">
<span id="span1">A DEMO of AjaxPro</span>
<div id="div2">
Employee ID: <INPUT id="TextBox3" type="text">
<br><a href="javascript:getTable();">test</a>
</div>
<div id="save_ing" style="visibility:hidden;"><img src="uploading.gif">请等待</div>
<div id="div3" style="visibility:hidden;"></div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
AjaxPro.onLoading = function(b) {
var l = document.getElementById("save_ing");
l.style.visibility = b ? "visible" : "hidden";
document.getElementById("div3").style.visibility=b?"hidden" : "visible";
}
function getTable()
{
PhantomPro.AjaxProject.AjaxDemo.GetTable(document.getElementById("TextBox3").value,getTable_callback);
}
function getTable_callback(res)
{
var p=res.value;
var d3=document.getElementById("div3");
d3.innerHTML=p;
}
</script>
</form>
</body>
</HTML>
需要注意的是,如果按下面的方式:Inherits="PhantomPro.AjaxProject.AjaxDemo" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" >
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<title>AjaxDemo</title>
<meta name="GENERATOR" Content="Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 7.1">
<meta name="CODE_LANGUAGE" Content="C#">
<meta name="vs_defaultClientScript" content="JavaScript">
<meta name="vs_targetSchema" content="http://schemas.microsoft.com/intellisense/ie5">
</HEAD>
<body>
<form id="Form1" method="post" runat="server">
<div id="div1">
<span id="span1">A DEMO of AjaxPro</span>
<div id="div2">
Employee ID: <INPUT id="TextBox3" type="text">
<br><a href="javascript:getTable();">test</a>
</div>
<div id="save_ing" style="visibility:hidden;"><img src="uploading.gif">请等待</div>
<div id="div3" style="visibility:hidden;"></div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
AjaxPro.onLoading = function(b) {
var l = document.getElementById("save_ing");
l.style.visibility = b ? "visible" : "hidden";
document.getElementById("div3").style.visibility=b?"hidden" : "visible";
}
function getTable()
{
PhantomPro.AjaxProject.AjaxDemo.GetTable(document.getElementById("TextBox3").value,getTable_callback);
}
function getTable_callback(res)
{
var p=res.value;
var d3=document.getElementById("div3");
d3.innerHTML=p;
}
</script>
</form>
</body>
</HTML>
......
function getTable()
{
var p=document.getElementById("div3");
var t=document.getElementById("TextBox3");
p.innerHTML=PhantomPro.AjaxProject.AjaxDemo.GetTable(t.value).value;
}
</script>
......
可以显示结果,不过不能显示Loading效果。function getTable()
{
var p=document.getElementById("div3");
var t=document.getElementById("TextBox3");
p.innerHTML=PhantomPro.AjaxProject.AjaxDemo.GetTable(t.value).value;
}
</script>
......
7.初次体验Ajax,有些不太适应,尤其的是调试的阶段。传统的方式可以得到具体的错误消息,比如Sql连接错误等,Ajax得到的是js错误代码,很难判断是哪里错了。曾经花费很长时间调试DataSet,结果发现是Sql密码写错了,呵呵。也可能有调试的办法,自己还不知道吧。还有一些代码的实例,方法基本一样,不再记录了。总得来说,虽然花费了一整天的时间调试,不过最终Ajax的效果是令人兴奋的。
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