springAi的上下文存储

springAi的上下文存储

环境:
1-springboot:3.4.3
2-jdk:17
3-spring-ai-alibaba:1.0.0-M6.1

问题:

在调用大模型聊天的时候,springAi使用`InMemoryChatMemory`在内存存储上下文,重启项目丢失

解决:实现`implements ChatMemory`接口方法,写出redis存储

2步走:
1-实现接口
2-在模型调用的时候,配置和使用一下

RedisUtil 工具
@Component
public class RedisUtil {

    private static RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
    private static final String redisPrefix = REDIS_PREFIX_BASIC;

    /**
     * 注入Redis
     *
     * @param redisTemplate Redis对象
     * @author fzr
     */
    @Resource
    public void setRedisTemplate(RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate) {
        RedisUtil.redisTemplate = redisTemplate;
    }

    /**
     * 对象句柄
     *
     * @return RedisTemplate
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static RedisTemplate<String, Object> handler() {
        return redisTemplate;
    }

    /**
     * 指定缓存失效时间
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param second 时间(秒)
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static void expire(String key, Long second) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        redisTemplate.expire(key, second, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

    /**
     * 指定缓存失效时间
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param millisecond 时间(毫秒)
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static void pExpire(String key, Long millisecond) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        redisTemplate.expire(key, millisecond, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
    }

    /**
     * 指定缓存永久有效
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static void persist(String key) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        redisTemplate.persist(key);
    }

    /**
     * 根据key获取过期时间
     *
     * @param key 键不能为null
     * @return 返回0代表为永久有效(秒)
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static Long ttl(String key) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        return redisTemplate.getExpire(key, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

    public static Long ttlWithoutPrefix(String key) {
        return redisTemplate.getExpire(key, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

    /**
     * 根据key获取过期时间
     *
     * @param key 键不能为null
     * @return 返回0代表为永久有效(毫秒)
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static Long pTtl(String key) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        return redisTemplate.getExpire(key, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
    }

    /**
     * 判断key是否存在
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @return true=存在,false=不存在
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static Boolean exists(String key) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        return redisTemplate.hasKey(key);
    }

    /**
     * 删除1个或多个键
     *
     * @param key 键(一个或多个)
     * @author fzr
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public static void del(String... key) {
        if (key.length == 1) {
            key[0] = redisPrefix + key[0];
            redisTemplate.delete(key[0]);
        } else {
            for (int i = 0; key.length > i; i++) {
                key[i] = redisPrefix + key[i];
            }
            redisTemplate.delete((Collection<String>) CollectionUtils.arrayToList(key));
        }
    }

    /**
     * 给key赋值一个新的key名
     *
     * @param oldKey 旧的key
     * @param newKey 新的key
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static void rename(String oldKey, String newKey) {
        oldKey = redisPrefix + oldKey;
        newKey = redisPrefix + newKey;
        redisTemplate.rename(oldKey, newKey);
    }

    /**
     * 将当前数据库的key移动到给定的数据库db当中
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param db 库
     * @return Boolean
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static Boolean move(String key, int db) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        return redisTemplate.move(key, db);
    }

    /**
     * 获取匹配的key值
     *
     * @param pattern 通配符(*, ?, [])
     * @return Set
     * @author fzr
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static Set<String> keys(String pattern) {
        return redisTemplate.keys(pattern);
    }

    /**
     * 随机返回一个key
     *
     * @return String
     * @author fzr
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static String randomKey() {
        return redisTemplate.randomKey();
    }

    /* ***************** common end *************** */

    /**
     * 按匹配获取或有KEY
     *
     * @param pattern 规则
     * @return Set<String>
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static Set<String> matchSet(String pattern) {
        Set<String> keys = new LinkedHashSet<>();
        RedisUtil.handler()
                .execute(
                        (RedisConnection connection) -> {
                            try (Cursor<byte[]> cursor =
                                    connection.scan(
                                            ScanOptions.scanOptions()
                                                    .count(Long.MAX_VALUE)
                                                    .match(pattern)
                                                    .build())) {
                                cursor.forEachRemaining(
                                        item -> {
                                            keys.add(RedisSerializer.string().deserialize(item));
                                        });
                                return null;
                            } catch (Exception e) {
                                throw new RuntimeException(e);
                            }
                        });

        return keys;
    }

    /**
     * 获取key的值
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @return Object
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static Object get(String key) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        return redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
    }

    /**
     * 获取旧值并设置新值
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param newVal 新值
     * @return Object
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static Object getSet(String key, Object newVal) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        return redisTemplate.opsForValue().getAndSet(key, newVal);
    }

    /**
     * 设置键值对
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param value 值
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static void set(String key, Object value) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value);
    }

    /**
     * 设置键值对并设置时间
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param value 值
     * @param time time要大于0 如果time小于等于0 将设置无限期
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static void set(String key, Object value, long time) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        if (time > 0) {
            redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value, time, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        } else {
            set(key, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 递增
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param delta 要增加几(大于0)
     * @return Long
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static Long incr(String key, long delta) {
        if (delta < 0) {
            throw new RuntimeException("递增因子必须大于0");
        }
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        return redisTemplate.opsForValue().increment(key, delta);
    }

    /**
     * 递减
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param delta 要减少几(小于0)
     * @return Long
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static Long decr(String key, long delta) {
        if (delta < 0) {
            throw new RuntimeException("递减因子必须大于0");
        }
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        return redisTemplate.opsForValue().increment(key, -delta);
    }

    /* ***************** String end *************** */

    /**
     * 获取key中field域的值
     *
     * @param key 键 不能为null
     * @param field 项 不能为null
     * @return 值
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static Object hGet(String key, String field) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        return redisTemplate.opsForHash().get(key, field);
    }

    /**
     * 判断key中有没有field域名
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param field 字段
     * @return Boolean
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static Boolean hExists(String key, Object field) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        return redisTemplate.opsForHash().hasKey(key, field);
    }

    /**
     * 获取hashKey对应的所有键值
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @return 对应的多个键值
     * @author fzr
     */
    public Map<Object, Object> hmGet(String key) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        return redisTemplate.opsForHash().entries(key);
    }

    /**
     * 设置field1->N个域,对应的值是value1->N
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param map 对应多个键值
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static void hmSet(String key, Map<String, Object> map) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        redisTemplate.opsForHash().putAll(key, map);
    }

    /**
     * HashSet 并设置时间
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param map 对应多个键值
     * @param time 时间(秒)
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static void hmSet(String key, Map<String, Object> map, long time) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        redisTemplate.opsForHash().putAll(key, map);
        if (time > 0) {
            expire(key, time);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 向一张hash表中放入数据,如果不存在将创建
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param item 项
     * @param value 值
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static void hSet(String key, String item, Object value) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        redisTemplate.opsForHash().put(key, item, value);
    }

    /**
     * 向一张hash表中放入数据,如果不存在将创建
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param item 项
     * @param value 值
     * @param time 时间(秒) 注意:如果已存在的hash表有时间,这里将会替换原有的时间
     * @return true 成功 false失败
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static boolean hSet(String key, String item, Object value, long time) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        redisTemplate.opsForHash().put(key, item, value);
        if (time > 0) {
            expire(key, time);
        }
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 删除hash表中的值
     *
     * @param key 键 不能为null
     * @param item 项 可以使多个 不能为null
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static void hDel(String key, Object... item) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        redisTemplate.opsForHash().delete(key, item);
    }

    /**
     * 判断hash表中是否有该项的值
     *
     * @param key 键 不能为null
     * @param item 项 不能为null
     * @return true 存在 false不存在
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static boolean hHasKey(String key, String item) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        return redisTemplate.opsForHash().hasKey(key, item);
    }

    /**
     * hash递增 如果不存在,就会创建一个并把新增后的值返回
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param item 项
     * @param by 要增加几(大于0)
     * @return double
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static double hIncr(String key, String item, long by) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        return redisTemplate.opsForHash().increment(key, item, by);
    }

    /**
     * hash递减
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param item 项
     * @param by 要减少记(小于0)
     * @return double
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static double hDecr(String key, String item, long by) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        return redisTemplate.opsForHash().increment(key, item, -by);
    }

    /* ***************** Map end *************** */

    /**
     * 根据key获取Set中的所有值
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @return Set
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static Set<Object> sGet(String key) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        return redisTemplate.opsForSet().members(key);
    }

    /**
     * 根据value从一个set中查询,是否存在
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param value 值
     * @return true 存在 false不存在
     * @author fzr
     */
    public Boolean sHasKey(String key, Object value) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        return redisTemplate.opsForSet().isMember(key, value);
    }

    /**
     * 将数据放入set缓存
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param values 值 可以是多个
     * @return 成功个数
     * @author fzr
     */
    public static Long sSet(String key, Object... values) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        return redisTemplate.opsForSet().add(key, values);
    }

    /**
     * 将set数据放入缓存
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param time 时间(秒)
     * @param values 值 可以是多个
     * @return 成功个数
     * @author fzr
     */
    public Long sSetAndTime(String key, long time, Object... values) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        return redisTemplate.opsForSet().add(key, values);
    }

    /**
     * 获取set缓存的长度
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @return Long
     * @author fzr
     */
    public Long sGetSetSize(String key) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        return redisTemplate.opsForSet().size(key);
    }

    /**
     * 移除值为value的
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param values 值 可以是多个
     * @return 移除的个数
     * @author fzr
     */
    public Long setRemove(String key, Object... values) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        return redisTemplate.opsForSet().remove(key, values);
    }

    /* ***************** Set end *************** */

    /**
     * 获取list缓存的内容
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param start 开始
     * @param end 结束 0 到 -1代表所有值
     * @return List
     * @author fzr
     */
    public List<Object> lGet(String key, long start, long end) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        return redisTemplate.opsForList().range(key, start, end);
    }

    /**
     * 获取list缓存的长度
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @return Long
     * @author fzr
     */
    public Long lGetListSize(String key) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        return redisTemplate.opsForList().size(key);
    }

    /**
     * 通过索引获取list中的值
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param index 索引 index>=0时,0 表头,1 第二个元素,依次类推;index<0时,-1,表尾,-2倒数第二个元素,依次类推
     * @return Object
     * @author fzr
     */
    public Object lGetIndex(String key, long index) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        return redisTemplate.opsForList().index(key, index);
    }

    /**
     * 将list放入缓存
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param value 值
     * @return boolean
     * @author fzr
     */
    public boolean lSet(String key, Object value) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPush(key, value);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 将list放入缓存
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param value 值
     * @param second 时间(秒)
     * @return boolean
     * @author fzr
     */
    public boolean lSet(String key, Object value, long second) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPush(key, value);
//        if (second > 0) expire(key, second);
        if (second > 0) {
            // 显式设置过期时间,xxx秒
            redisTemplate.expire(key, second, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        }

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 将list放入缓存
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param value 值
     * @return boolean
     * @author fzr
     */
    public boolean lSet(String key, List<Object> value) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPushAll(key, value);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 将list放入缓存
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param value 值
     * @param time 时间(秒)
     * @return boolean
     * @author fzr
     */
    public boolean lSet(String key, List<Object> value, Long time) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPushAll(key, value);
        if (time > 0) expire(key, time);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 根据索引修改list中的某条数据
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param index 索引
     * @param value 值
     * @return boolean
     * @author fzr
     */
    public boolean lUpdateIndex(String key, Long index, Object value) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        redisTemplate.opsForList().set(key, index, value);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 移除N个值为value
     *
     * @param key 键
     * @param count 移除多少个
     * @param value 值
     * @return 移除的个数
     * @author fzr
     */
    public Long lRemove(String key, Long count, Object value) {
        key = redisPrefix + key;
        return redisTemplate.opsForList().remove(key, count, value);
    }
}

Msg对springAi中的messages进行处理
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
@Data
public class Msg implements Serializable {
    @Serial
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    MessageType messageType;
    String text;
    Map<String, Object> metadata;
    List<AssistantMessage.ToolCall> toolCalls;

    public Msg(Message message) {
        this.messageType = message.getMessageType();
        this.text = message.getText();
        this.metadata = message.getMetadata();
        if (message instanceof AssistantMessage am) {
            this.toolCalls = am.getToolCalls();
        }
    }

    public Message toMessage() {
        if (messageType == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Message type cannot be null(自定义信息)");
        }
        return switch (messageType) {
            case SYSTEM -> new SystemMessage(text);
            case USER -> new UserMessage(text, List.of(), metadata);
            case ASSISTANT -> new AssistantMessage(text, metadata, toolCalls, List.of());
            default -> throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported message type: " + messageType);
        };
    }
}

redisConfig配置
@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {
    @Bean(name = "redisTemplate")
    public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(
            RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {
        RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();
        redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);

        // key值采用StringRedisSerializer序列化
        StringRedisSerializer stringRedisSerializer = new StringRedisSerializer();
        redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(stringRedisSerializer);
        redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(stringRedisSerializer);

        GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer jsonRedisSerializer =
                new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer();
        redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(jsonRedisSerializer);
        redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(jsonRedisSerializer);

        return redisTemplate;
    }

    @Bean(name = "rateLimiterScript")
    public RedisScript<Long> rateLimiterScript() {
        DefaultRedisScript<Long> script = new DefaultRedisScript<>();
        script.setScriptSource(
                new ResourceScriptSource(new ClassPathResource("lua/RateLimiterScript.lua")));
        script.setResultType(Long.class);
        return script;
    }

}

1-实现这个接口:

@Slf4j
@Component
public class InRedisChatMemory implements ChatMemory {

    private static final String KEY_PREFIX = "chat:history:";
    private static final long DEFAULT_EXPIRE_TIME = 2 * 60 * 60; // 2小时(会话过期时间)

    @Autowired
    private RedisUtil redisUtil;

    @Override
    public void add(String conversationId, List<Message> messages) {
        String key = KEY_PREFIX + conversationId;
        // (1-我提问的,2-ai回复的)逐个添加消息到 Redis List
        for (Message message : messages) {
            Msg msg = new Msg(message);
            redisUtil.lSet(key, msg,DEFAULT_EXPIRE_TIME);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public List<Message> get(String conversationId, int lastN) {
        String key = KEY_PREFIX + conversationId;
        // 获取最后N条,如果lastN<=0则获取全部
        long start = lastN > 0 ? -lastN : 0;
        List<Object> objects = redisUtil.lGet(key, start, -1);
        return objects.stream()
                .filter(obj -> obj instanceof Msg)
                .map(obj -> ((Msg) obj).toMessage())
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
    }

    @Override
    public void clear(String conversationId) {
        String key = KEY_PREFIX + conversationId;
        RedisUtil.del(key);
    }
}

2、在大模型中使用

@Configuration
public class CommonConfiguration {


    //配置(上下文)记忆存储器(本地内存的)
    @Bean
    public ChatMemory chatMemory() {
        return new InMemoryChatMemory();
    }

   //配置(上下文)记忆存储器(redis存储)
    @Bean
    public ChatMemory redisChatMemory() {
        return new InRedisChatMemory();
    }


   //这个地方的MessageChatMemoryAdvisor配置一些即可使用
    @Bean
    public ChatClient chatBaiLianClient(DashScopeChatModel model) {
        return ChatClient.builder(model)
                .defaultSystem("陈嘻嘻集团’的AI助手—嘻哈")
                .defaultAdvisors(
                        new SimpleLoggerAdvisor(), //配置日志Advisor
                        new MessageChatMemoryAdvisor(redisChatMemory()) //配置redis上下文记忆Advisor
                )
                .build();
    }


}


3-写接口调用

@RequiredArgsConstructor
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/ai")
public class ChatController {
    //存储会话id,后期根据(会话id,查询本次会话的聊天记录)
    private final ChatHistoryRepository inRedisMemoryChatHistoryRecordRepository; 
    //使用百炼平台的模型
    private final ChatClient chatBaiLianClient; 


    // 流式调用“阿里百炼平台”模型(有上下文)
    @PostMapping(value = "/chat", produces = "text/html;charset=utf-8")
    public Flux<String> streamChat(@RequestParam("prompt") String prompt, @RequestParam("chatId") String chatId) {
        // 1.保存会话id
        inRedisMemoryChatHistoryRecordRepository.save("chat", chatId);
        //2.调用模型
        return chatBaiLianClient.prompt().user(prompt)
                .advisors(a -> a.param(CHAT_MEMORY_CONVERSATION_ID_KEY, chatId))
                .stream()
                .content();
    }
}


4、存储会话的id(选看)

  • 4.1、定义一个(保存id、获取ids)的接口

public interface ChatHistoryRepository {

    /**
     * 保存会话记录
     * @param type 业务类型,如:chat、service、pdf
     * @param chatId 会话ID
     */
    void save(String type, String chatId);

    /**
     * 获取会话ID列表
     * @param type 业务类型,如:chat、service、pdf
     * @return 会话ID列表
     */
    List<String> getChatIds(String type);
}
  • 4.2、实现这个接口

@Slf4j
@Component
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class InRedisMemoryChatHistoryRecordRepository implements ChatHistoryRepository {

    private static final String KEY_PREFIX = "record:";
    private static final long DEFAULT_EXPIRE_TIME = 2 * 60 * 60; // 2小时(会话过期时间)


    @Autowired
    private RedisUtil redisUtil;

    @Override
    public void save(String type, String chatId) {
        String redisKey = KEY_PREFIX + type;
        List<Object> existingRecords = redisUtil.lGet(redisKey, 0, -1);
        if (existingRecords == null || existingRecords.isEmpty()) {
            redisUtil.lSet(redisKey, chatId, DEFAULT_EXPIRE_TIME);
            return;
        }
        boolean exists = existingRecords.stream()
                .anyMatch(record -> record != null && record.toString().equals(chatId));
        if (!exists) {
            redisUtil.lSet(redisKey, chatId, DEFAULT_EXPIRE_TIME);
        }

    }

    @Override
    public List<String> getChatIds(String type) {
        String redisKey = KEY_PREFIX + type;
        List<Object> records = redisUtil.lGet(redisKey, 0, -1);
        return Optional.ofNullable(records)
                .orElse(Collections.emptyList())
                .stream()
                .filter(Objects::nonNull)
                .map(Object::toString)
                .distinct() // 去重(如果Redis列表允许重复)
                .collect(Collectors.toList());
    }
}
  • 4.3、写api接口

@RequiredArgsConstructor
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/ai/history")
public class ChatHistoryController {

    //redis,存储数据['1003','1004','1005']
    private final ChatHistoryRepository inRedisMemoryChatHistoryRecordRepository;

    //redis,存储数据某个id的对话记录List结果[{user:你好,assistant:你好},{user:你好,assistant:你好}]
    private final ChatMemory inRedisChatMemory;


    //todo,根据 [类型] 获取ids:['1003','1004','1005']
    //因为我这个项目是根据类型,你们可以替换成用户id,然后用户id的 [聊天会话ids]
    @GetMapping("/{type}")
    public List<String> getChatIds(@PathVariable("type") String type) {
        return inRedisMemoryChatHistoryRecordRepository.getChatIds(type);
    }


    //todo,根据 [类型] [会话id] 获取:该会话id的聊天内容
    //比如: 会话id=1003:[{user:你好,assistant:你好},{user:你好,assistant:你好}]
    @GetMapping("/{type}/{chatId}")
    public List<MessageVO> getChatHistory(@PathVariable("type") String type, @PathVariable("chatId") String chatId) {
        List<Message> messages = inRedisChatMemory.get(chatId,0);
        if (messages == null) {
            return List.of();
        }
        return messages.stream().map(MessageVO::new).toList();
    }
}
可以修改为:

用户id --> 聊天的ids['1003','1004','1005']

根据聊天的ids['1003','1004','1005'],获取对应的会话内容
//会话内容的存储,在上面有代码(1-根据会话id,存储会话内容、2-根据(会话id)获取(会话内容))

总结:


1-根据 [会话id] ,存储会话内容
2-根据 [会话id] ,获取会话内容

3-存储该用户的, [会话id] 
4-获取该用户的, [会话ids] -List
//然后通过-{某个会话id},调:2-根据 [会话id] ,获取会话内容方法

posted on 2025-06-22 21:34  陈嘻嘻-  阅读(145)  评论(0)    收藏  举报

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