使用MVC4，Ninject，EF，Moq，构建一个真实的应用电子商务SportsStore(九)
实在不好意思，好久没有更新了，我不想找些客观原因来解释，只想请大家见谅！现在我们继续我们的项目，客户已经完成了订单的确认，但我们还没有一个地方可以让客户输入他们的收货信息，我们的商品没办法发货，这是个严重的问题，我们必须解决它。现在，我们就在SportsStore.Domain工程的Entities文件夹中添加一个ShippingDetails类，在这个类中，我们使用了System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations命名空间，去验证客户的输入：
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations; namespace SportsStore.Domain.Entities { public class ShippingDetails { [Required(ErrorMessage = "Please enter a name")] public string Name { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage = "Please enter the first address line")] public string Line1 { get; set; } public string Line2 { get; set; } public string Line3 { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage = "Please enter a city name")] public string City { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage = "Please enter a state name")] public string State { get; set; } public string Zip { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage = "Please enter a country name")] public string Country { get; set; } public bool GiftWrap { get; set; } } }
我们的目的是让用户输入收货的详细信息后能够去付款，毕竟要赚钱吗，这个没啥不好意思的，我们这就去修改一下我们的summary视图，打开Views/Cart/Index.cshtml文件，我们要在这添加一个支付按钮，修改文件的最后部分像下面的样子，然后，运行一下你的代码，看看效果:)
</table> <p align="center" class="actionButtons"> <a href="@Model.ReturnUrl">继续购物</a> @Html.ActionLink("支付", "Checkout") </p>
正如你所预见的，现在我们要为CartController类添加一个Checkout Action方法：
public ViewResult Checkout() { return View(new ShippingDetails()); }
Checkout方法返回一个默认的view，并传递一个new ShippingDetails对象作为view model. 现在我们就去创建一个ShippingDetails类型的强视图：
修改视图代码如下：
@model SportsStore.Domain.Entities.ShippingDetails @{ ViewBag.Title = "SportStore: Checkout"; } <h2>现在支付</h2> 请输入你的详细信息, 我们会根据您的信息发货! @using (Html.BeginForm()) { <h3>发货到</h3> <div>姓名: @Html.EditorFor(x => x.Name)</div> <h3>地址</h3> <div>Line 1: @Html.EditorFor(x => x.Line1)</div> <div>Line 2: @Html.EditorFor(x => x.Line2)</div> <div>Line 3: @Html.EditorFor(x => x.Line3)</div> <div>城市: @Html.EditorFor(x => x.City)</div> <div>区: @Html.EditorFor(x => x.State)</div> <div>邮编: @Html.EditorFor(x => x.Zip)</div> <div>国家: @Html.EditorFor(x => x.Country)</div> <h3>可选项</h3> <label> @Html.EditorFor(x => x.GiftWrap) 作为礼品包装我的商品 </label> <p align="center"> <input class="actionButtons" type="submit" value="完成订单" /> </p> }
实现订单处理器
我们需要一个组件，通过这个组件，我们能够容易的把握订单的处理流程，为了保持遵守MVC模型的基本原则，我们要定义一个接口，写一个这个接口的实现类，使我们的DI容器和 Ninject和这个实现类整合在一起.
添加一个IOrderProcessor接口到SportsStore.Domain工程的Abstract文件夹：
using SportsStore.Domain.Entities; namespace SportsStore.Domain.Abstract { public interface IOrderProcessor { void ProcessOrder(Cart cart, ShippingDetails shippingDetails); } }
实现接口
IOrderProcessor接口的实现类将通过发送额email给管理员处理订单，当然了，我们简化了这个流程，真正的大型商务网站不只是发邮件这么简单！ 现在我们要创建一个新类，叫做 EmailOrderProcessor，把它放在SportsStore.Domain工程的Concrete文件夹中，这个类我们使用.NET Framework library内建的SMTP去发送邮件：
using System.Net.Mail; using System.Text; using SportsStore.Domain.Abstract; using SportsStore.Domain.Entities; using System.Net; namespace SportsStore.Domain.Concrete { public class EmailSettings { public string MailToAddress = "orders@example.com"; public string MailFromAddress = "sportsstore@example.com"; public bool UseSsl = true; public string Username = "MySmtpUsername"; public string Password = "MySmtpPassword"; public string ServerName = "smtp.example.com"; public int ServerPort = 587; public bool WriteAsFile = false; public string FileLocation = @"c:\sports_store_emails"; } public class EmailOrderProcessor :IOrderProcessor { private EmailSettings emailSettings; public EmailOrderProcessor(EmailSettings settings) { emailSettings = settings; } public void ProcessOrder(Cart cart, ShippingDetails shippingInfo) { using (var smtpClient = new SmtpClient()) { smtpClient.EnableSsl = emailSettings.UseSsl; smtpClient.Host = emailSettings.ServerName; smtpClient.Port = emailSettings.ServerPort; smtpClient.UseDefaultCredentials = false; smtpClient.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(emailSettings.Username, emailSettings.Password); if (emailSettings.WriteAsFile) { smtpClient.DeliveryMethod = SmtpDeliveryMethod.SpecifiedPickupDirectory; smtpClient.PickupDirectoryLocation = emailSettings.FileLocation; smtpClient.EnableSsl = false; } StringBuilder body = new StringBuilder().AppendLine("A new order has been submitted") .AppendLine("---").AppendLine("Items:"); foreach (var line in cart.Lines) { var subtotal = line.Product.Price * line.Quantity; body.AppendFormat("{0} x {1} (subtotal: {2:c}", line.Quantity, line.Product.Name, subtotal); } body.AppendFormat("Total order value: {0:c}", cart.ComputeTotalValue()).AppendLine("---") .AppendLine("Ship to:").AppendLine(shippingInfo.Name).AppendLine(shippingInfo.Line1) .AppendLine(shippingInfo.Line2 ?? "") .AppendLine(shippingInfo.Line3 ?? "") .AppendLine(shippingInfo.City).AppendLine(shippingInfo.State ?? "") .AppendLine(shippingInfo.Country) .AppendLine(shippingInfo.Zip).AppendLine("---") .AppendFormat("Gift wrap: {0}",shippingInfo.GiftWrap ? "Yes" : "No"); MailMessage mailMessage = new MailMessage(emailSettings.MailFromAddress, // From emailSettings.MailToAddress, // To "New order submitted!", // Subject body.ToString()); // Body if (emailSettings.WriteAsFile) { mailMessage.BodyEncoding = Encoding.ASCII; } smtpClient.Send(mailMessage); } } } }
注册实现类
为了让Ninject能够创建 IOrderProcessor接口的实现类,我们必须添加一些代码到SportsStore.WebUI 工程的NinjectControllerFactory 类的AddBindings 方法，到这个方法里添加代码，不用我说你也知道要干什么事了，马上动手吧！
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.Mvc; using System.Web.Routing; using SportsStore.Domain.Abstract; using SportsStore.Domain.Entities; using Moq; using Ninject; using SportsStore.Domain.Concrete; using System.Configuration; namespace SportsStore.WebUI.Infrastructure { public class NinjectControllerFactory: DefaultControllerFactory { private IKernel ninjectKernel; public NinjectControllerFactory() { ninjectKernel = new StandardKernel(); AddBindings(); } protected override IController GetControllerInstance(RequestContext requestContext, Type controllerType) { return controllerType == null ? null : (IController)ninjectKernel.Get(controllerType); } private void AddBindings() { Mock<IProductsRepository> mock = new Mock<IProductsRepository>(); //mock.Setup(m => m.Products).Returns(new List<Product> { // new Product { Name = "Football", Price = 25 }, // new Product { Name = "Surf board", Price = 179 }, // new Product { Name = "Running shoes", Price = 95 } //}.AsQueryable()); //ninjectKernel.Bind<IProductsRepository>().ToConstant(mock.Object); ninjectKernel.Bind<IProductsRepository>().To<EFProductRepository>(); EmailSettings emailSettings = new EmailSettings { WriteAsFile = bool.Parse(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["Email.WriteAsFile"] ?? "false") }; ninjectKernel.Bind<IOrderProcessor>().To<EmailOrderProcessor>().WithConstructorArgument("settings", emailSettings); } } }
我们创建了一个EmailSettings 对象, 当一个服务请求要求创建一个新的IOrderProcessor 接口实力的时候，我们使用Ninject的WithConstructorArgument 方法注入它到EmailOrderProcessor构造函数，因为我们使用了ConfigurationManager.AppSettings 属性去访问 Web.config文件，所以，我们要将一些配置添加到Web.config 文件中：
<appSettings> <add key="webpages:Version" value="2.0.0.0" /> <add key="webpages:Enabled" value="false" /> <add key="PreserveLoginUrl" value="true" /> <add key="ClientValidationEnabled" value="true" /> <add key="UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled" value="true" /> <add key="Email.WriteAsFile" value="true"/> </appSettings>
完善Cart Controller
我们要修改CartController类，让它的构造函数去要求一个IOrderProcessor接口的实现，并添加一个新的方法处理用户点击完成订单按钮时，post过来的Http请求：
private IOrderProcessor orderProcessor; public CartController(IProductsRepository repo, IOrderProcessor proc) { repository = repo; orderProcessor = proc; }
[HttpPost] public ViewResult Checkout(Cart cart, ShippingDetails shippingDetails) { if (cart.Lines.Count() == 0) { ModelState.AddModelError("", "Sorry, your cart is empty!"); } if (ModelState.IsValid) { orderProcessor.ProcessOrder(cart, shippingDetails); cart.Clear(); return View("Completed"); } else { return View(shippingDetails); } }
你现在看到了，我们添加的Checkout方法带有一个HttpPost 属性,这意味着它将为一个post请求调用，当用户提交一个表单时，我们将依赖MVC的model binder system, ShippingDetails 参数和Cart 参数创建我们的model binder。
为了展示用户的输入错误，我们需要在Checkout view中添加 @Html.ValidationSummary() 标记，看起来应该像下面的样子：
<h2>现在支付</h2> 请输入你的详细信息, 我们会根据您的信息发货! @using (Html.BeginForm()) { @Html.ValidationSummary() <h3>发货到</h3>……
展示Summary页
为了完善支付流程, 我们应该显示一个订单已经被处理的确认页给用户，右击CartController类的任意方法去添加一个视图，命名为Completed，这个视图我们不需要定义为强类型：
@{ ViewBag.Title = "SportsStore: Order Submitted"; } <h2>谢谢!</h2> 感谢您购买我们的商品. 我们将尽可能快的发送货物给您.
运行你的程序前，别忘了修改你的email账户和密码，还有C盘下要建一个c:\sports_store_emails文件夹哦！在下一篇中，我们将为我们的网站创建一个CRUD的管理后台，这是所有网站都比不可少的功能，我们当然也不会少了！感谢您的关注！如果有任何问题请在我的博客上留言，我会尽可能详尽的为您解答，下篇再见！
