Python matplotlib 数据分布
利用plt.hist()
import matplotlib.pylab as plt %matplotlib inline plt.figure(figsize=(21, 12)) plt.hist(x, bins=50) # plt.hist(df['title'].apply(lambda x: len(x)), bins=50) plt.grid() plt.savefig('distribution.png')
模块化：
def plot_data_distribution(value_list, figsize=(21, 12), bins=50, fout=None): plt.figure(figsize=figsize) plt.hist(value_list, bins=bins) plt.xticks(range(int(max(value_list) - min(value_list)))) # plt.xticks([i * 0.01 for i in range(0, 110, 5)]) # plt.xticks([0.1 * x for x in range(11)]) # plt.xlim(0, 1) plt.grid() if fout: plt.savefig(fout) else: plt.show()
把多个数据分布显示在一个直方图表中对比：
def plot_multi_data_distribution(value_list1, value_list2, figsize=(21, 12), bins=50, fout=None): plt.figure(figsize=figsize) plt.hist([value_list1, value_list2], bins=bins, color=["r", "b"], label=["value_list1", "value_list2"]) # plt.xticks(range(int(max(value_list) - min(value_list)))) plt.grid() plt.legend(loc=1) plt.xlabel("probability") plt.ylabel("count") plt.title("data distribution") if fout: plt.savefig(fout) else: plt.show()
def gen_colors(num): # colors = ["blue", "red", "green", "black", "brown", "orange", "gray", "purple", "salmon", "hotpink", # "#222222", "#444444", "#666666", "#888888", "#AAAAAA", "#CCCCCC", "#EEEEEE", # "#111111", "#333333", "#555555", "#777777", "#999999"] colors = ["black", "darkgrey", "red", "darkorange", "brown", "darkgoldenrod", "yellow", "lightgreen", "green", "lime", "cyan", "deepskyblue", "dodgerblue", "cornflowerblue", "blue", "purple", "fuchsia", "lightpink"] return colors[:num] def plot_multi_data_distribution(value_lists, names, figsize=(21, 12), bins=50, fout=None): plt.figure(figsize=figsize) plt.hist(value_lists, bins=bins, color=gen_colors(num=len(value_lists)), label=names) # plt.xticks(range(int(max(value_list) - min(value_list)))) plt.xticks([i * 0.01 for i in range(0, 110, 5)]) plt.grid() plt.legend(loc=1) plt.xlabel("probability") plt.ylabel("count") plt.title("data distribution") if fout: plt.savefig(fout) else: plt.show()
生成渐变色：
def gen_colors(num, base_color="#1000FF", interval=1600000): base = int(base_color.replace("#", "0x"), 16) # return ["blue", "red", "green", "black", "brown", "orange", "gray", "purple", "hotpink", "salmon"][:num] # return ["#0000FF", "#00FF00", "#FF0000", "#00FFFF", "#FF00FF", "#FFFF00", "#000000", # "#666666", "#660000", "#666600", "#660066"][:num] return ["#" + hex(base + (i * interval))[2:] for i in range(num)]
例如下面这种（看到眼花哈哈哈）：
还是选择几种比较特别的颜色会方便看一些.
Matplotlib uses a dictionary from its colors.py module. To print the names use:
# python2: import matplotlib for name, hex in matplotlib.colors.cnames.iteritems(): print(name, hex) # python3: import matplotlib for name, hex in matplotlib.colors.cnames.items(): print(name, hex)
This is the complete dictionary:
cnames = { 'aliceblue': '#F0F8FF', 'antiquewhite': '#FAEBD7', 'aqua': '#00FFFF', 'aquamarine': '#7FFFD4', 'azure': '#F0FFFF', 'beige': '#F5F5DC', 'bisque': '#FFE4C4', 'black': '#000000', 'blanchedalmond': '#FFEBCD', 'blue': '#0000FF', 'blueviolet': '#8A2BE2', 'brown': '#A52A2A', 'burlywood': '#DEB887', 'cadetblue': '#5F9EA0', 'chartreuse': '#7FFF00', 'chocolate': '#D2691E', 'coral': '#FF7F50', 'cornflowerblue': '#6495ED', 'cornsilk': '#FFF8DC', 'crimson': '#DC143C', 'cyan': '#00FFFF', 'darkblue': '#00008B', 'darkcyan': '#008B8B', 'darkgoldenrod': '#B8860B', 'darkgray': '#A9A9A9', 'darkgreen': '#006400', 'darkkhaki': '#BDB76B', 'darkmagenta': '#8B008B', 'darkolivegreen': '#556B2F', 'darkorange': '#FF8C00', 'darkorchid': '#9932CC', 'darkred': '#8B0000', 'darksalmon': '#E9967A', 'darkseagreen': '#8FBC8F', 'darkslateblue': '#483D8B', 'darkslategray': '#2F4F4F', 'darkturquoise': '#00CED1', 'darkviolet': '#9400D3', 'deeppink': '#FF1493', 'deepskyblue': '#00BFFF', 'dimgray': '#696969', 'dodgerblue': '#1E90FF', 'firebrick': '#B22222', 'floralwhite': '#FFFAF0', 'forestgreen': '#228B22', 'fuchsia': '#FF00FF', 'gainsboro': '#DCDCDC', 'ghostwhite': '#F8F8FF', 'gold': '#FFD700', 'goldenrod': '#DAA520', 'gray': '#808080', 'green': '#008000', 'greenyellow': '#ADFF2F', 'honeydew': '#F0FFF0', 'hotpink': '#FF69B4', 'indianred': '#CD5C5C', 'indigo': '#4B0082', 'ivory': '#FFFFF0', 'khaki': '#F0E68C', 'lavender': '#E6E6FA', 'lavenderblush': '#FFF0F5', 'lawngreen': '#7CFC00', 'lemonchiffon': '#FFFACD', 'lightblue': '#ADD8E6', 'lightcoral': '#F08080', 'lightcyan': '#E0FFFF', 'lightgoldenrodyellow': '#FAFAD2', 'lightgreen': '#90EE90', 'lightgray': '#D3D3D3', 'lightpink': '#FFB6C1', 'lightsalmon': '#FFA07A', 'lightseagreen': '#20B2AA', 'lightskyblue': '#87CEFA', 'lightslategray': '#778899', 'lightsteelblue': '#B0C4DE', 'lightyellow': '#FFFFE0', 'lime': '#00FF00', 'limegreen': '#32CD32', 'linen': '#FAF0E6', 'magenta': '#FF00FF', 'maroon': '#800000', 'mediumaquamarine': '#66CDAA', 'mediumblue': '#0000CD', 'mediumorchid': '#BA55D3', 'mediumpurple': '#9370DB', 'mediumseagreen': '#3CB371', 'mediumslateblue': '#7B68EE', 'mediumspringgreen': '#00FA9A', 'mediumturquoise': '#48D1CC', 'mediumvioletred': '#C71585', 'midnightblue': '#191970', 'mintcream': '#F5FFFA', 'mistyrose': '#FFE4E1', 'moccasin': '#FFE4B5', 'navajowhite': '#FFDEAD', 'navy': '#000080', 'oldlace': '#FDF5E6', 'olive': '#808000', 'olivedrab': '#6B8E23', 'orange': '#FFA500', 'orangered': '#FF4500', 'orchid': '#DA70D6', 'palegoldenrod': '#EEE8AA', 'palegreen': '#98FB98', 'paleturquoise': '#AFEEEE', 'palevioletred': '#DB7093', 'papayawhip': '#FFEFD5', 'peachpuff': '#FFDAB9', 'peru': '#CD853F', 'pink': '#FFC0CB', 'plum': '#DDA0DD', 'powderblue': '#B0E0E6', 'purple': '#800080', 'red': '#FF0000', 'rosybrown': '#BC8F8F', 'royalblue': '#4169E1', 'saddlebrown': '#8B4513', 'salmon': '#FA8072', 'sandybrown': '#FAA460', 'seagreen': '#2E8B57', 'seashell': '#FFF5EE', 'sienna': '#A0522D', 'silver': '#C0C0C0', 'skyblue': '#87CEEB', 'slateblue': '#6A5ACD', 'slategray': '#708090', 'snow': '#FFFAFA', 'springgreen': '#00FF7F', 'steelblue': '#4682B4', 'tan': '#D2B48C', 'teal': '#008080', 'thistle': '#D8BFD8', 'tomato': '#FF6347', 'turquoise': '#40E0D0', 'violet': '#EE82EE', 'wheat': '#F5DEB3', 'white': '#FFFFFF', 'whitesmoke': '#F5F5F5', 'yellow': '#FFFF00', 'yellowgreen': '#9ACD32'}
上面对应的颜色：
另外的显示方式：
装了seaborn扩展的话，在字典seaborn.xkcd_rgb中包含所有的xkcd crowdsourced color names。如下：
plt.plot([1,2], lw=4, c=seaborn.xkcd_rgb['baby poop green'])
所有颜色如下：
更多详细参考：
https://www.cnblogs.com/jerrybaby/p/6118236.html
http://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1595822592180003842&wfr=spider&for=pc
http://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1576521879286470276&wfr=spider&for=pc
https://blog.csdn.net/yywan1314520/article/details/50818471
