Ubuntu学习笔记

1、远程终端连接

软件：putty

输入IP地址，要保存的名字，点击保存

首次连接，会出现以下提示。单击 是。

根据提示，输入服务器用户名和密码。密码不会显示在屏幕上。输入完成后回车。 

 

格式化和挂载数据盘

运行 fdisk -l 命令查看数据盘。

 [root@xxxx ~]# fdisk -l

 Disk /dev/xvda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders
 Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
 Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
 I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
 Disk identifier: 0x00078f9c

 Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
 /dev/xvda1   *           1        5222    41940992   83  Linux

 Disk /dev/xvdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
 Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
 Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
 I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
 Disk identifier: 0x00000000

执行命令进行分区

fdisk /dev/xvdb

根据提示，依次输入 n，p，1，两次回车，wq，分区就开始了。

[root@xxx ~]# fdisk /dev/xvdb
 Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklab            el
 Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x33eb5059.
 Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
 After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

 Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

 WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
      switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
      sectors (command 'u').

 Command (m for help): n
 Command action
    e   extended
    p   primary partition (1-4)
 p
 Partition number (1-4): 1
 First cylinder (1-652, default 1): 
 Using default value 1
 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-652, default 652):
 Using default value 652

 Command (m for help): wq
 The partition table has been altered!

 Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
 Syncing disks.

执行 fdisk -l 命令，查看新的分区。新分区 xvdb1 已经创建好。如下面示例中的/dev/xvdb1。

 [root@xxx ~]# fdisk -l

 Disk /dev/xvda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders
 Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
 Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
 I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
 Disk identifier: 0x00078f9c

 Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
 /dev/xvda1   *           1        5222    41940992   83  Linux

 Disk /dev/xvdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
 Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
 Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
 I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
 Disk identifier: 0x33eb5059

 Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
 /dev/xvdb1               1         652     5237158+  83  Linux

执行下列命令，对新分区进行格式化

 mkfs.ext3 /dev/xvdb1

执行下列命令写入新分区信息。

echo '/dev/xvdb1/mnt ext3 defaults 0 0'>> /etc/fstab

完成后，可以使用 cat /etc/fstab 命令查看。