#!/usr/bin/env python
import paramiko
import logging
import socket
import time
import datetime
#=====================#
# class MySSH #
#=====================#
class MySSH:
'''
Create an SSH connection to a server and execute commands.
Here is a typical usage:
ssh = MySSH()
ssh.connect('host', 'user', 'password', port=22)
if ssh.connected() is False:
sys.exit('Connection failed')
# Run a command that does not require input.
status, output = ssh.run('uname -a')
print 'status = %d' % (status)
print 'output (%d):' % (len(output))
print '%s' % (output)
# Run a command that does requires input.
status, output = ssh.run('sudo uname -a', 'sudo-password')
print 'status = %d' % (status)
print 'output (%d):' % (len(output))
print '%s' % (output)
'''
def __init__(self, compress=True, verbose=False):
'''
Setup the initial verbosity level and the logger.
@param compress Enable/disable compression.
@param verbose Enable/disable verbose messages.
'''
self.ssh = None
self.transport = None
self.compress = compress
self.bufsize = 65536
# Setup the logger
self.logger = logging.getLogger('MySSH')
self.set_verbosity(verbose)
fmt = '%(asctime)s MySSH:%(funcName)s:%(lineno)d %(message)s'
format = logging.Formatter(fmt)
handler = logging.StreamHandler()
handler.setFormatter(format)
self.logger.addHandler(handler)
self.info = self.logger.info
def __del__(self):
if self.transport is not None:
self.transport.close()
self.transport = None
def connect(self, hostname, username, password, port=22):
'''
Connect to the host.
@param hostname The hostname.
@param username The username.
@param password The password.
@param port The port (default=22).
@returns True if the connection succeeded or false otherwise.
'''
self.info('connecting %s@%s:%d' % (username, hostname, port))
self.hostname = hostname
self.username = username
self.port = port
self.ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
self.ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
try:
self.ssh.connect(hostname=hostname,
port=port,
username=username,
password=password)
self.transport = self.ssh.get_transport()
self.transport.use_compression(self.compress)
self.info('succeeded: %s@%s:%d' % (username,
hostname,
port))
except socket.error as e:
self.transport = None
self.info('failed: %s@%s:%d: %s' % (username,
hostname,
port,
str(e)))
except paramiko.BadAuthenticationType as e:
self.transport = None
self.info('failed: %s@%s:%d: %s' % (username,
hostname,
port,
str(e)))
return self.transport is not None
def run(self, cmd, input_data=None, timeout=10):
'''
Run a command with optional input data.
Here is an example that shows how to run commands with no input:
ssh = MySSH()
ssh.connect('host', 'user', 'password')
status, output = ssh.run('uname -a')
status, output = ssh.run('uptime')
Here is an example that shows how to run commands that require input:
ssh = MySSH()
ssh.connect('host', 'user', 'password')
status, output = ssh.run('sudo uname -a', '<sudo-password>')
@param cmd The command to run.
@param input_data The input data (default is None).
@param timeout The timeout in seconds (default is 10 seconds).
@returns The status and the output (stdout and stderr combined).
'''
self.info('running command: (%d) %s' % (timeout, cmd))
if self.transport is None:
self.info('no connection to %s@%s:%s' % (str(self.username),
str(self.hostname),
str(self.port)))
return -1, 'ERROR: connection not established\n'
# Fix the input data.
input_data = self._run_fix_input_data(input_data)
# Initialize the session.
self.info('initializing the session')
session = self.transport.open_session()
session.set_combine_stderr(True)
session.get_pty()
session.exec_command(cmd)
output = self._run_poll(session, timeout, input_data)
status = session.recv_exit_status()
self.info('output size %d' % (len(output)))
self.info('status %d' % (status))
return status, output
def connected(self):
'''
Am I connected to a host?
@returns True if connected or false otherwise.
'''
return self.transport is not None
def set_verbosity(self, verbose):
'''
Turn verbose messages on or off.
@param verbose Enable/disable verbose messages.
'''
if verbose > 0:
self.logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
else:
self.logger.setLevel(logging.ERROR)
def _run_fix_input_data(self, input_data):
'''
Fix the input data supplied by the user for a command.
@param input_data The input data (default is None).
@returns the fixed input data.
'''
if input_data is not None:
if len(input_data) > 0:
if '\\n' in input_data:
# Convert \n in the input into new lines.
lines = input_data.split('\\n')
input_data = '\n'.join(lines)
return input_data.split('\n')
return []
def _run_send_input(self, session, stdin, input_data):
'''
Send the input data.
@param session The session.
@param stdin The stdin stream for the session.
@param input_data The input data (default is None).
'''
if input_data is not None:
self.info('session.exit_status_ready() %s' % str(session.exit_status_ready()))
self.info('stdin.channel.closed %s' % str(stdin.channel.closed))
if stdin.channel.closed is False:
self.info('sending input data')
stdin.write(input_data)
def _run_poll(self, session, timeout, input_data):
'''
Poll until the command completes.
@param session The session.
@param timeout The timeout in seconds.
@param input_data The input data.
@returns the output
'''
interval = 0.1
maxseconds = timeout
maxcount = maxseconds / interval
# Poll until completion or timeout
# Note that we cannot directly use the stdout file descriptor
# because it stalls at 64K bytes (65536).
input_idx = 0
timeout_flag = False
self.info('polling (%d, %d)' % (maxseconds, maxcount))
start = datetime.datetime.now()
start_secs = time.mktime(start.timetuple())
output = ''
session.setblocking(0)
while True:
if session.recv_ready():
data = session.recv(self.bufsize)
output += data
self.info('read %d bytes, total %d' % (len(data), len(output)))
if session.send_ready():
# We received a potential prompt.
# In the future this could be made to work more like
# pexpect with pattern matching.
if input_idx < len(input_data):
data = input_data[input_idx] + '\n'
input_idx += 1
self.info('sending input data %d' % (len(data)))
session.send(data)
self.info('session.exit_status_ready() = %s' % (str(session.exit_status_ready())))
if session.exit_status_ready():
break
# Timeout check
now = datetime.datetime.now()
now_secs = time.mktime(now.timetuple())
et_secs = now_secs - start_secs
self.info('timeout check %d %d' % (et_secs, maxseconds))
if et_secs > maxseconds:
self.info('polling finished - timeout')
timeout_flag = True
break
time.sleep(0.200)
self.info('polling loop ended')
if session.recv_ready():
data = session.recv(self.bufsize)
output += data
self.info('read %d bytes, total %d' % (len(data), len(output)))
self.info('polling finished - %d output bytes' % (len(output)))
if timeout_flag:
self.info('appending timeout message')
output += '\nERROR: timeout after %d seconds\n' % (timeout)
session.close()
return output
# ================================================================
# MAIN
# ================================================================
if __name__ == '__main__':
import sys
# Access variables.
hostname = 'hostname'
port = 22
username = 'username'
password = 'password'
sudo_password = password # assume that it is the same password
# Create the SSH connection
ssh = MySSH()
ssh.set_verbosity(False)
ssh.connect(hostname=hostname,
username=username,
password=password,
port=port)
if ssh.connected() is False:
print 'ERROR: connection failed.'
sys.exit(1)
def run_cmd(cmd, indata=None):
'''
Run a command with optional input.
@param cmd The command to execute.
@param indata The input data.
@returns The command exit status and output.
Stdout and stderr are combined.
'''
print
print '=' * 64
print 'command: %s' % (cmd)
status, output = ssh.run(cmd, indata)
print 'status : %d' % (status)
print 'output : %d bytes' % (len(output))
print '=' * 64
print '%s' % (output)
run_cmd('uname -a')
run_cmd('sudo ls -ltrh /var/log | tail', sudo_password) # sudo command
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