WCF服务承载 (转载)
我们对宿主的概念、环境、特点做了文字性的介绍和概括，接下来我们将通过实例对这几种寄宿方式进行介绍。为了更好的说明各寄宿环境特点，本实例采用Http和net.tcp两种服务通讯方式，同时寄宿在不同的宿主中。程序结构如下：
服务契约的接口和实现代码如下：
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.ServiceModel;namespace Service{ [ServiceContract] public interface IServiceCalculator { [OperationContract] double Add(double n1, double n2); }}
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.ServiceModel;namespace Service{ [ServiceContract] public interface IServiceMessage { [OperationContract] string ReturnMessage(); }}
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;namespace Service{ public class ServiceCalculator:IServiceCalculator { public double Add(double n1, double n2) { return n1 + n2; } }}
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;namespace Service{ public class ServiceMessage:IServiceMessage { public string ReturnMessage() { return "调用服务计算结果如下"; } }}
在 IIS 中承载 WCF 服务和WAS 中承载 WCF 服务
- 完成IISHost代码
- 引用Service程序集
- 添加ServiceCalculator.svc新文件，代码如下
<%@ ServiceHost Language="C#" Debug="true" Service="Service.ServiceCalculator" %>
- 添加ServiceCalculator.svc新文件，代码如下
<%@ ServiceHost Language="C#" Debug="true" Service="Service.ServiceMessage" %>
- 配置服务文件代码如下，这里我将配置两个服务一个是ServiceMessage用于Http通讯，一个是ServiceCalculator用于net.tcp通讯，如果不清楚服务配置，请参照WCF初探-6：WCF服务配置和WCF初探-7：WCF服务配置工具使用
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><configuration> <system.serviceModel> <services> <service name="Service.ServiceMessage" behaviorConfiguration="mexBehavior"> <endpoint address="" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="Service.IServiceMessage" /> <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" /> </service> <service name="Service.ServiceCalculator" behaviorConfiguration="mexBehavior"> <endpoint address="" binding="netTcpBinding" bindingConfiguration="PortSharingBinding" contract="Service.IServiceCalculator" /> <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexTcpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" /> </service> </services> <bindings> <netTcpBinding> <binding name="PortSharingBinding" portSharingEnabled="true"> <security mode="None" /> </binding> </netTcpBinding> </bindings> <behaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior name="mexBehavior"> <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" /> <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" /> </behavior> </serviceBehaviors> </behaviors> </system.serviceModel></configuration>
2. 寄宿服务
- 生成IISHost程序，将bin文件目录、ServiceCalculator.svc、ServiceMessage.svc、Web.config拷贝到新建的WCFHost文件夹中
- 新建网站配置该程序以便承载服务。
点击IIS菜单的应用程序池，找到WCFHost程序池，将.net framework版本设置为v4.0,托管管道模式设置为集成
在浏览器中输入http://localhost:1234/ServiceMessage.svc可以看到服务发布成功
- 在浏览器中输入http://localhost:1234/ServiceCalculator.svc可以看到服务寄宿失败
这是因为ServiceCalculator.svc启用的是net.tcp通讯，而在IIS中启用net.tcp通讯就必须依靠Windows 进程激活服务（也称为 WAS）
- 要使用WAS寄宿程序，就需要配置几个地方
在控制面板->程序和功能->打开或关闭windows功能勾选以下几个功能,安装WCF 激活组件
配置承载服务的WCFHost网站，添加net.tcp通讯。
点击网站的高级设置，在已启用的协议后追加net.tcp协议
- 在浏览器中重新输入http://localhost:1234/ServiceCalculator.svc，可以看到服务寄宿成功
3. 客户端验证服务
- 启动Visual Studio 命令提示(2010)命令行工具，输入wcftestclient命令调用WCF服务测试客户端
在托管应用程序中承载 WCF 服务
1. 完成AppHost代码
- 添加对service程序集的引用，配置文件App.config代码如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><configuration> <system.serviceModel> <services> <service name="Service.ServiceMessage" behaviorConfiguration="mexBehavior"> <host> <baseAddresses> <add baseAddress="http://localhost:2234/ServiceMessage/"/> </baseAddresses> </host> <endpoint address="" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="Service.IServiceMessage" /> <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" /> </service> <service name="Service.ServiceCalculator" behaviorConfiguration="mexBehavior"> <host> <baseAddresses> <add baseAddress="http://localhost:1235/ServiceCalculator/"/> <add baseAddress="net.tcp://localhost:1234/ServiceCalculator"/> </baseAddresses> </host> <endpoint address="" binding="netTcpBinding" bindingConfiguration="PortSharingBinding" contract="Service.IServiceCalculator" > <identity> <dns value="localhost"/> </identity> </endpoint> <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" /> </service> </services> <bindings> <netTcpBinding> <binding name="PortSharingBinding" portSharingEnabled="true" > <security mode="None" /> </binding> </netTcpBinding> </bindings> <behaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior name="mexBehavior"> <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" /> <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" /> </behavior> </serviceBehaviors> </behaviors> </system.serviceModel></configuration>
- Program.cs代码如下
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using Service;using System.ServiceModel;namespace AppHost{ class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { try { ServiceHost MessageHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(ServiceMessage)); ServiceHost CalculatorHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(ServiceCalculator)); MessageHost.Open(); CalculatorHost.Open(); Console.WriteLine("服务已经启动。。。"); Console.ReadLine(); MessageHost.Close(); CalculatorHost.Close(); } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine(ex.Message); Console.Read(); } } }}
2. 寄宿服务
- 生成AppHost工程，找到bin目录下的AppHost.exe,点击运行，查看到服务寄宿成功
3. 客户端验证服务
- 启动Visual Studio 命令提示(2010)命令行工具，输入wcftestclient命令调用WCF服务测试客户端。分别添加服务地址：
http://localhost:2234/ServiceMessage/
http://localhost:1235/ServiceCalculator/
在托管 Windows 服务中承载 WCF 服务
- 完成NTHost代码
- 添加windows服务程序services1.cs，在设计界面上单击右键添加安装程序ProjectInstaller.cs，在ProjectInstaller.cs设计界面上有serviceProcessInstaller1和serviceInstaller1两个安装组件，分别设置他们的属性
添加配置文件App.config代码,代码如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><configuration> <system.serviceModel> <services> <service name="Service.ServiceMessage" behaviorConfiguration="mexBehavior"> <host> <baseAddresses> <add baseAddress="http://localhost:2234/ServiceMessage/"/> </baseAddresses> </host> <endpoint address="" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="Service.IServiceMessage" /> <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" /> </service> <service name="Service.ServiceCalculator" behaviorConfiguration="mexBehavior"> <host> <baseAddresses> <add baseAddress="http://localhost:1235/ServiceCalculator/"/> <add baseAddress="net.tcp://localhost:1234/ServiceCalculator"/> </baseAddresses> </host> <endpoint address="" binding="netTcpBinding" bindingConfiguration="PortSharingBinding" contract="Service.IServiceCalculator" > <identity> <dns value="localhost"/> </identity> </endpoint> <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" /> </service> </services> <bindings> <netTcpBinding> <binding name="PortSharingBinding" portSharingEnabled="true" > <security mode="None" /> </binding> </netTcpBinding> </bindings> <behaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior name="mexBehavior"> <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" /> <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" /> </behavior> </serviceBehaviors> </behaviors> </system.serviceModel></configuration>
- Service1.cs代码如下：
using System.ServiceProcess;using Service;using System.ServiceModel;namespace NTHost{ public partial class Service1 : ServiceBase { public Service1() { InitializeComponent(); } ServiceHost MessageHost = null; ServiceHost CalculatorHost = null; protected override void OnStart(string[] args) { MessageHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(ServiceMessage)); CalculatorHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(ServiceCalculator)); MessageHost.Open(); CalculatorHost.Open(); } protected override void OnStop() { MessageHost.Close(); CalculatorHost.Close(); MessageHost = null; CalculatorHost = null; } }}
2. 寄宿服务
- 生成NTHost工程，安装windows服务程序NTHost.exe，在命令行中输入
Cd C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319，回车后输入installutil.exe 程序生成的bin目录绝对地址\NTHost.exe –i，回车后安装服务程序，程序注册成功后启动服务。
在开始菜单输入services.msc命令，打开服务管理程序将NTServiceHost服务设置为启动
3. 客户端验证服务
- 启动Visual Studio 命令提示(2010)命令行工具，输入wcftestclient命令调用WCF服务测试客户端。分别添加服务地址：
http://localhost:2234/ServiceMessage/
http://localhost:1235/ServiceCalculator/
